Determinants of Disability Among Individuals Living with Schizophrenia Attending Psychiatric Follow-Up Clinic in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Case-Control Study.

Background: Disability due to schizophrenia ends up with a higher degree of impairment in occupational, social and interpersonal functioning than other chronic illnesses. Despite severe and long-lasting schizophrenia associated disability, little has been explored so far to identify determinants of disability among individuals living with schizophrenia in Ethiopia.

Objective: To identify the determinants of disability among individuals living with schizophrenia attending the psychiatric follow-up clinic at Jimma Medical Center (JMC).

Prevalence and associated factors of depression among Jimma University students. A cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is a common health problem among university students. It is debilitating and has a detrimental impact on students psychosocial, emotional, interpersonal functioning and academic performance, However, there is a scarcity of information on this regard in higher education institutions in Ethiopia, so the current study was conducted to assess the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among Jimma University students.

Methods: An institution-based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 556 sampled students selected by a multistage stratified sampling technique.

Is There Association between Risky Sexual Behaviors and Depression Symptoms among Youth? A Case of Jimma University Students, Ethiopia.

Background: Risky Sexual Behaviors (RSB) and Depression symptoms expose young people to various reproductive health problems including sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. To date the link between these two major public health problems lacks empirical evidence in the context of higher education institutions in Ethiopia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess association between risky sexual behavior and depression symptoms among Jimma University main campus students, Jimma, Ethiopia, 2016.

Determinates of depressive disorder among adult patients with cardiovascular disease at outpatient cardiac clinic Jimma University Teaching Hospital, South West Ethiopia: cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression and heart disease are an important public-health problem. Depression is one of the most prevalent and disabling psychiatric disorders with more than three times increased risk among patients with cardiovascular disorders.

Objective: To identify the prevalence and associated factors of depressive disorder among adult patients with cardiovascular disease.

Help-seeking behaviour for depressive disorders among adult cardiovascular outpatient cardiac clinic Jimma University Teaching Hospital, Jimma, South-West Ethiopia: crosssectional study.

Background: Depression in healthy person without cardiac disease has been associated with the development of coronary artery disease and cardiovascular disease also risk factor for development of depression. This has devastating effect the patient's quality of live, illness progression, morbidity and mortality. Despite this fact help seeking behavior of cardiovascular patients with depression has not been addressed in Ethiopia.

Attitude of Medical Students towards Psychiatry: The case of Jimma University, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: The inability to attract medical graduates to specialize in psychiatry has always been a serious challenge to psychiatry training programs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the attitude of medical students towards psychiatry.

Methods: A comparative cross-sectional survey was conducted among 122 fourth year medical students of Jimma University.

Prevalence and Severity of Depression and Its Association with Substance Use in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background. Depression is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and affects 350 million people worldwide. Substance use could be the risk factor for depression.

An adolescent with significant emotional and medically unexplained complaints: case report and proposal of an intervention.

Background: Ethiopia is a country in which child and adolescent mental health needs are often not met. In order to promote capacity building, a Collaborative International Exchange Programme has been established between Jimma University at Jimma, Ethiopia, and Ludwig-Maximilian University in Munich, Germany. The programme focuses on training non-physician health professionals in mental health speciality.

Co-morbidity of depression and epilepsy in Jimma University specialized hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Depression is a serious and frequent co-morbid illness among people with epilepsy (PWE) and the risk for depression in PWE is higher than the general population. However, depression among PWE is often under diagnosed and treated by physicians other than psychiatrists in resource-limited settings like Ethiopia.

Objective: This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with depression and its implication for treatment among PWE in Southwest Ethiopia.

Medication non-adherence among adult psychiatric out patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Information on adherence of adult psychiatric patients to biological modes of treatment is scarce in Ethiopia. Knowledge on adherence is essential in terms of future prognosis, quality of life and functionality of such patients. This study was conducted to assess the magnitude and associated factors of non-adherence to medication.

Trimethoprim as adjuvant treatment in schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Various infectious agents, such as Toxoplasma gondii, have been hypothesized to be potentially relevant etiological factors in the onset of some cases of schizophrenia. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment trial in an attempt to explore the hypothesis that the symptoms of schizophrenia may be related to infection of the central nervous system with toxoplasma gondii. Systematically selected patients with ongoing and at least moderately severe schizophrenia from Butajira, in rural Ethiopia, were randomly allocated to trimethoprim or placebo, which were added on to participants' regular antipsychotic treatments.

Traditional treatment of mental disorders in rural Ethiopia.

Background: Mental disorders are known to be as prevalent in Ethiopia as in other countries. Only 26 psychiatrists are working in the country with close to 80 million inhabitants. To this should be added clinics run by psychiatric nurses in most of the general hospitals.

Clinical course and outcome of schizophrenia in a predominantly treatment-naive cohort in rural Ethiopia.

The established view that schizophrenia may have a favorable outcome in developing countries has been recently challenged; however, systematic studies are scarce. In this report, we describe the clinical outcome of schizophrenia among a predominantly treatment-naive cohort in a rural community setting in Ethiopia. The cohort was identified in a 2-stage sampling design using key informants and measurement-based assessment.

Comparison of computer assisted scan diagnoses and clinical diagnoses of major mental disorders in Butajira, rural Ethiopia.

One of the major difficulties in mental health research is finding suitable research instruments. In the last few decades questionnaires that are supposed to work in different languages and cultures have been developed by WHO to solve this problem. One of such instruments is SCAN, an instrument which uses computer algorithm to make a diagnosis.

Symptomatic and functional outcome of bipolar disorder in Butajira, Ethiopia.

Background: Limited information is available on the outcome of bipolar disorder in developing countries.

Objective: To describe the symptomatic and functional outcome of bipolar disorder.

Methods: The psychoses and affective disorder modules of the CIDI were used to screen 68,378 individuals by a door-to-door survey of a defined district in Ethiopia.

Health related quality of life (SF-36) survey in Butajira, rural Ethiopia: normative data and evaluation of reliability and validity.

Unlabelled: The SF-36 health survey, a generic measure of health related quality of life (HRQOL), has been translated, evaluated in various languages and used in over 40 countries worldwide, although it has not been used in Ethiopia.

Objective: To measure the reliability and validity of the SF-36, to establish general population norms for various sex and age groups, to describe the effects of socio-demographic factors on SF-36 scores, and SF-36 scores in patients with major mental disorders.

Methods: Following the standard procedures of forward and back translation and adaptation, an Amharic SF-36 was developed This was subsequently used in a health survey of a general rural population of 1.

The sociodemographic correlates of schizophrenia in Butajira, rural Ethiopia.

Objectives: To describe the major sociodemographic correlates of schizophrenia, and their interactions, in a rural population of Ethiopia.

Methods: We have recently completed a study in Butajira to identify cases of major mental disorders for description of course and outcome. A total of 318 cases of schizophrenia were identified by a door-to-door survey of a predominantly rural population of close to 68,500 individuals.

Bipolar disorder among an isolated island community in Ethiopia.

Background: Psychiatric data on population groups of geographic and social isolates are rare, but can potentially give insights into factors of aetiological importance. The Zeway islanders have lived in geographic and cultural isolation for over three centuries.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of major psychiatric disorders among the adult population of Zeway islands.