Niche modelling and landscape genetics of the yellow-legged hornet (): An integrative approach for evaluating central-marginal population dynamics in Europe.

Genetic diversity is an important biological trait for a successful invasion. During the expansion across a new territory, an invasive species may face unprecedented ecological conditions that will determine its demography and genetic diversity. The first record of the yellow-legged hornet () in Europe dates back to 2004 in France, from where it has successfully spread through a large territory in the continent, including Italy, Spain and Portugal.

Degeneration of the cholinergic system in individuals with subjective cognitive decline: A systematic review.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for future cognitive impairment and dementia. It is uncertain whether the neurodegeneration of the cholinergic system is already present in SCD individuals. We aimed to review the current evidence about the association between SCD and biomarkers of degeneration in the cholinergic system.

Second TURB, restaging TURB or repeat TURB in primary T1 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: impact on prognosis?

Purpose: A re-transurethral resection of the bladder (re-TURB) is a well-established approach in managing non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for various reasons: repeat-TURB is recommended for a macroscopically incomplete initial resection, restaging-TURB is required if the first resection was macroscopically complete but contained no detrusor muscle (DM) and second-TURB is advised for all completely resected T1-tumors with DM in the resection specimen. This study assessed the long-term outcomes after repeat-, second-, and restaging-TURB in T1-NMIBC patients.

Methods: Individual patient data with tumor characteristics of 1660 primary T1-patients (muscle-invasion at re-TURB omitted) diagnosed from 1990 to 2018 in 17 hospitals were analyzed.

DNA metabarcoding the diet of lizards endemic to the Balearic Islands.

Dietary studies are essential to unravel the functioning of ecosystems and ultimately to understand biodiversity. This task, which at first may seem simple, becomes especially complex in those cases of omnivorous species with highly variable diets. In this regard, the emergence of next-generation DNA sequencing methodologies represents a powerful tool to address the problem.

Realistic numerical simulations of diffusion tensor cardiovascular magnetic resonance: The effects of perfusion and membrane permeability.

Purpose: To study the sensitivity of diffusion tensor cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DT-CMR) to microvascular perfusion and changes in cell permeability.

Methods: Monte Carlo (MC) random walk simulations in the myocardium have been performed to simulate self-diffusion of water molecules in histology-based media with varying extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and permeable membranes. The effect of microvascular perfusion on simulations of the DT-CMR signal has been incorporated by adding the contribution of particles traveling through an anisotropic capillary network to the diffusion signal.

Diet of the Insular Lizard, (Günther, 1874): Complementary Morphological and Molecular Approaches.

The diets of insular lizards are extremely varied, depending on the different environmental characteristics of each island population. This is particularly evident in the case of the populations of small coastal islets of the Balearic Islands, where the Balearic lizard, , is found. The study of trophic ecology carried out by means of traditional tools, such as morphological analysis of feces, has made it possible to detect numerous prey and nutritional elements.

Prognosis of Primary Papillary Ta Grade 3 Bladder Cancer in the Non-muscle-invasive Spectrum.

Background: Ta grade 3 (G3) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a relatively rare diagnosis with an ambiguous character owing to the presence of an aggressive G3 component together with the lower malignant potential of the Ta component. The European Association of Urology (EAU) NMIBC guidelines recently changed the risk stratification for Ta G3 from high risk to intermediate, high, or very high risk. However, prognostic studies on Ta G3 carcinomas are limited and inconclusive.

Random walk diffusion simulations in semi-permeable layered media with varying diffusivity.

In this paper we present random walk based solutions to diffusion in semi-permeable layered media with varying diffusivity. We propose a novel transit model for solving the interaction of random walkers with a membrane. This hybrid model is based on treating the membrane permeability and the step change in diffusion coefficient as two interactions separated by an infinitesimally small layer.

T1G1 Bladder Cancer: Prognosis for this Rare Pathological Diagnosis Within the Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Spectrum.

Background: The pathological existence and clinical consequence of stage T1 grade 1 (T1G1) bladder cancer are the subject of debate. Even though the diagnosis of T1G1 is controversial, several reports have consistently found a prevalence of 2-6% G1 in their T1 series. However, it remains unclear if T1G1 carcinomas have added value as a separate category to predict prognosis within the non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) spectrum.

Faecal Microbiota Divergence in Allopatric Populations of Podarcis lilfordi and P. pityusensis, Two Lizard Species Endemic to the Balearic Islands.

Gut microbial communities provide essential functions to their hosts and are known to influence both their ecology and evolution. However, our knowledge of these complex associations is still very limited in reptiles. Here we report the 16S rRNA gene faecal microbiota profiles of two lizard species endemic to the Balearic archipelago (Podarcis lilfordi and P.

Histiocytoid Sweet Syndrome associated with anorectal lymphogranuloma venereum in a patient with HIV infection.

Sweet Syndrome belongs to a group of diseases known as neutrophilic dermatoses. An uncommon variant named Histiocytoid Sweet Syndrome (HSS) can be associated with a variety of conditions, including cancer, infections, drug toxicity and others. Here we present an instance of HSS in an HIV-positive patient in an infectious disease setting.

European Association of Urology (EAU) Prognostic Factor Risk Groups for Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) Incorporating the WHO 2004/2016 and WHO 1973 Classification Systems for Grade: An Update from the EAU NMIBC Guidelines Panel.

Background: The European Association of Urology (EAU) prognostic factor risk groups for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are used to provide recommendations for patient treatment after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). They do not, however, take into account the widely used World Health Organization (WHO) 2004/2016 grading classification and are based on patients treated in the 1980s.

Objective: To update EAU prognostic factor risk groups using the WHO 1973 and 2004/2016 grading classifications and identify patients with the lowest and highest probabilities of progression.

Clinical-pathological and molecular characterization of long-term survivors with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Long-term survivors (LS) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without driver alterations, displaying an overall survival (OS) of more than 3 years, comprise around 10% of cases in several series treated with chemotherapy. There are classical prognosis factors for these cases [stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), etc.], but more data are required in the literature.

Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUN-LMP): Still a meaningful histo-pathological grade category for Ta, noninvasive bladder tumors in 2019?

Background: Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUN-LMP) was introduced as a noninvasive, noncancerous lesion and a separate grade category in 1998. Subsequently, PUN-LMP was reconfirmed by World Health Organization (WHO) 2004 and WHO 2016 classifications for urothelial bladder tumors.

Objectives: To analyze the proportion of PUN-LMP diagnosis over time and to determine its prognostic value compared to Ta-LG (low-grade) and Ta-HG (high-grade) carcinomas.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Vulva: Report of 2 Cases, Including a De Novo Dedifferentiated Solitary Fibrous Tumor Diagnosed After Molecular Demonstration of NAB2-STAT6 Gene Fusion.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a neoplasm of fibroblastic lineage that has been documented in almost every anatomic location. Vulval SFT is very rare with only 10 cases reported to date. We present 2 additional SFTs located in the vulva, in adult women of 59 and 25 yr of age.

Diagnostic yield and complications of extended lymphadenectomy versus limited lymphadenectomy combined with radical prostatectomy.

Background: Lymphadenectomy for prostate cancer (PC) is the most reliable procedure for detecting lymphatic metastases. The optimal extension of this procedure is still a topic of debate.

Objective: To analyse the diagnostic performance and complications of extended lymphadenectomy (ELD) and limited lymphadenectomy (LLD) in a series of patients with high-risk PC who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP).

Prospective study assessing hypoxia-related proteins as markers for the outcome of treatment with sunitinib in advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Previous studies suggest that expression of hypoxia markers may be associated with response to antiangiogenic drugs. Thus, we aimed to identify predictors of sunitinib outcome in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Patients And Methods: The expression of eight key proteins related to hypoxia (CAIX, HIF1A, HIF2A, VEGFA, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3 and PDGFRB) and P-glycoprotein were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 67 primary ccRCC samples from prospectively recruited patients treated with first-line sunitinib.

Weight of the resected specimen after transurethral resection as a new predictive variable for recurrence of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumour.

Objective: To evaluate the role of the weight of the resected specimen after transurethral resection as a predictive factor for recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumour (NMIBT).

Patients And Methods: The weight of the resected tumour was measured consecutively in 144 subjects who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumours at our institution. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) follow-up was 58 (61.

Esophageal verruciform xanthoma following radiotherapy.

Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon benign lesion of unclear etiology which has only been reported twice before in the esophagus. We describe a 70-year-old male who presented an exophytic esophageal lesion incidentally found upon endoscopy 2.7 years following radiation therapy for unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the tracheal carina.

Primary melanoma of the vagina. A clinical case.

Primary melanoma of the vagina is a rare neoplasm that appears in the 6(th) and 7(th) decades of life. It has a poor prognosis, for which there is no consensus regarding treatment; indeed, the literature describes a number of therapeutic options. This paper describes a patient with vaginal melanoma treated by local excision and immunotherapy.

Coexistence of two rare sarcomas: primary leiomyosarcoma of bone and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver.

A 33-year-old woman sought medical attention for a painful swelling of the left ankle. Plain radiographs revealed an osteolytic lesion involving the left distal tibia. An excisional biopsy provided the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma in the tibia.

Safe endoscopic resection of gangliocytic paraganglioma of the major duodenal papilla.

A case of gangliocytic paraganglioma of the papilla of Vater in a 76-year-old man with a history of recurrent obstructive jaundice is presented. This is the first case of gangliocytic paraganglioma of the major papilla successfully resected by endoscopic ampullectomy.