Severe odontogenic infections in patients with mental disorders: the challenge of ineffective initial treatment.

Objectives: This study clarified possible delays and deficiencies in severe odontogenic infection (OI) treatment in patients with mental disorders.

Study Design: Data of hospitalized patients with severe OI were evaluated retrospectively. The outcome variable was preceding health care visits prior to hospitalization.

Automated 3-D Computer-Aided Measurement of the Bony Orbit: Evaluation of Correlations among Volume, Depth, and Surface Area.

(1)The study aimed to measure the depth, volume, and surface area of the intact human orbit by applying an automated method of CT segmentation and to evaluate correlations among depth, volume, and surface area. Additionally, the relative increases in volume and surface area in proportion to the diagonal of the orbit were assessed. (2) CT data from 174 patients were analyzed.

Surgical treatment of clinically infected mandibular fractures.

Purpose: To clarify reasons for infections, surgical techniques, and occurrence of postoperative surgical site complications in infected mandibular fractures.

Methods: Patients with clinically infected mandibular fracture of the dentate part without preceding surgery were studied retrospectively. Clinical infection was defined to occur if pus, abscess, or a fistula in the fracture area was present.

Psychiatric disorders and interventions in patients sustaining facial fractures from interpersonal violence.

Background: This retrospective study clarified patients´ psychiatric morbidity in IPV-related facial fractures; in particular, their additional psychiatric care. We hypothesized that patients in need of additional support can be identified, allowing overall care processes to be improved.

Methods: Patients' age, sex, anamnestic psychiatric disorders, history of substance abuse, and psychiatric interventions were recorded, as well as the perpetrator, location, time of day, assault mechanism, fracture type, treatment, and associated injuries.

Postoperative wound dehiscence in mandibular fractures.

Objective: To clarify the occurrence and causes of non-infection-related surgical wound dehiscence (SWD) in intraorally treated mandibular fractures.

Material And Methods: Patients with one or two fractures of the dentate part of the mandible treated surgically an intraoral approach were included in this retrospective study. The primary outcome variable was SWD.

Simple dentate area fractures of the mandible - can we prevent postoperative infections?

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of surgical site infections and predisposing factors for these in simple mandibular fractures.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study of patients with fractures of the dentate part of the mandible included patients with intraorally treated simple fractures of the mandibular body, symphysis, and parasymphysis. The primary outcome variable was postoperative surgical site infection.

Effect of Perioperative Systemic Dexamethasone on Pain, Edema, and Trismus in Mandibular Fracture Surgery: A Randomized Trial.

The authors' aim was to evaluate the effect of perioperative systemic dexamethasone (DXM) administration on postoperative pain, edema, and trismus in mandibular fracture patients. The authors conducted a prospective randomized study of 45 patients with one or 2 noncomminuted fractures of the dentate part of the mandible. All patients underwent surgery for intraoral miniplate fixation.

Effect of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of maxillofacial fractures in a Finnish Tertiary Trauma Centre.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of facial fractures in a tertiary trauma centre.

Materials And Methods: All facial fracture patients evaluated by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon during the first stage of the pandemic in spring 2020 were included in the study and compared to the corresponding periods in 2017 and 2018. Differences in age, sex, timespan from accident to diagnosis of facial fracture, injury mechanism, fracture type, treatment method, associated injuries (AIs), and alcohol consumption at the time of injury were analyzed between the forementioned time periods.

Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on orofacial and respiratory infections in ear, nose, and throat and oral and maxillofacial surgery emergency departments: a retrospective study of 7900 patients.

Objectives: The study purpose was to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the rate and disease profile of orofacial and respiratory infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) and ear, nose, and throat (ENT) emergency units.

Materials And Methods: Records of patients with orofacial or respiratory infection, or infectious symptoms, diagnosed in the OMFS or ENT Emergency Departments of the Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland between 1st March and 30th October 2020 and the corresponding periods in 2018 and 2019 were reviewed. The main outcome variable was the occurrence of studied infections during the evaluated periods.

Does Dexamethasone Facilitate Neurosensory Function Regeneration After Zygomatic Fracture? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study sought to clarify the rate of neurosensory disturbance (NSD) after zygomatic complex fractures in general, as well as the effect of perioperatively administered dexamethasone on neurosensory recovery.

Patients And Methods: This was a single-blinded randomized study aiming to clarify the benefits of perioperative dexamethasone after surgery. The patients were randomly assigned either to receive dexamethasone (up to a total dose of 10 or 30 mg) or to act as control patients (no glucocorticoid treatment).

Murine cathepsin D deficiency is associated with dysmyelination/myelin disruption and accumulation of cholesteryl esters in the brain.

Cathepsin D (CTSD) deficiencies are fatal neurological diseases that in human infants and in sheep are characterized by extreme loss of neurons and myelin. To date, similar morphological evidence for myelin disruption in CTSD knockout mice has not been reported. Here, we show that CTSD deficiency leads to pronounced myelin changes in the murine brain: myelin-related proteolipid protein and myelin basic protein were both markedly reduced at postnatal day 24, and the amount of lipids characteristically high in myelin (e.

Mice with targeted Slc4a10 gene disruption have small brain ventricles and show reduced neuronal excitability.

Members of the SLC4 bicarbonate transporter family are involved in solute transport and pH homeostasis. Here we report that disrupting the Slc4a10 gene, which encodes the Na(+)-coupled Cl(-)-HCO(3)(-) exchanger Slc4a10 (NCBE), drastically reduces brain ventricle volume and protects against fatal epileptic seizures in mice. In choroid plexus epithelial cells, Slc4a10 localizes to the basolateral membrane.

Synaptic changes in the thalamocortical system of cathepsin D-deficient mice: a model of human congenital neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis.

Cathepsin D (CTSD; EC 3.4.23.

In vivo MRI reveals the dynamics of pathological changes in the brains of cathepsin D-deficient mice and correlates changes in manganese-enhanced MRI with microglial activation.

Cathepsin D (CTSD; EC 3.4.23.

Cathepsin D deficiency underlies congenital human neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis.

Congenital neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a devastating inherited neurodegenerative disorder of unknown metabolic basis. Eight patients with this rare disorder, all with similar clinical and neuropathological findings, have been reported, and here we describe two further patients. Previously, we showed that a mutation in the cathepsin D gene causes congenital NCL in sheep.