High Frequency of Ancestral Haplotype A of Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in the Yakut Population.

The purpose of this study was to study the correlation of the body weight of Yakuts with the variability of polymorphisms rs174537, rs174546 and rs3834458 of the region to identify the connection of certain genotypes with obesity. For genotyping, classical methods of PCR-RFLP analysis were used. A sample of 446 DNA samples from Yakut volunteers without chronic diseases (143 women and 303 men) was studied.

[Ala54Thr polymorphism of the fatty acid transporter gene () in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yakutia].

Aim: To study the contribution of the Ala54Thr genetic polymorphism of the gene to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus among the Yakut population.

Materials And Methods: The study included participants who filled out a questionnaire approved by the Local Committee on Biomedical Ethics at the Yakut Science Centre of complex medical problems and voluntarily signed an informed consent to conduct a genetic study. The sample consisted of 181 patients of the endocrinological department of the Republican Hospital No.

The variability of PNPLA3 gene as a potential marker of cold adaptation in Yakuts.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. It has been reported that specific variants of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene, notably SNPs rs738409 and rs2294918 are associated with high risks of liver disease. PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism is the main determinant of fatty liver and affects development and progression of NAFLD.

[The study of the content of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine of people with lipid metabolism disorders].

Dyslipidemias are a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, especially at a young age. It is known from modern sources that shortchain fatty acids (SCFA) synthesized in the intestine are actively involved in the genesis of dyslipidemia, the spectrum and ratio of which depends on the consumed food substrates. In particular, it has been found that food components such as dietary fiber can affect the lowering of blood lipids by affecting the intestinal microbiota.

[Basic principles of dietary therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus on antioxidant protection and endothelial dysfunction].

Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction have been identified as the most important pathogenetic pathways for the development and progression of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). . To evaluate the effect of individual dietary components on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in patients with T2DM.

Trace elements in Ladoga ringed seal (Pusa hispida ladogensis) hair.

Hair samples of two adults, eight molted pups, and four newborn Ladoga ringed seals Pusa hispida ladogensis found stranded ashore on Lake Ladoga, North-West Russia, in 2020-2021, were analyzed for concentrations of trace elements, including toxic heavy metals. Al had the highest median concentration (9.25 μg/g, range 1.

[Acute kidney injury in the pathogenesis of coronavirus infection].

COVID-19 is an acute respiratory viral disease that primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other organs, including the kidneys. Damage to the kidneys can be caused by direct effects arising from the invasion of the virus into kidney cells, or it occurs secondarily due to immunological, hemocoagulation and ischemic disorders. Given the importance of preserving kidney function during illness and after recovery, this review aims to investigate the impact of novel coronavirus infection on the kidney and its role in the development of acute kidney injury.

[Outcomes of cardiac achalasia grade II-III management].

Aim: To analyze early and remote results of the new method of cardiac achalasia grade II-III management.

Material And Methods: Original surgical approach was applied in 21 patients with cardiac achalasia grade II-III.

Results: There were no any specific postoperative complications and deaths.

Strategy for improved NH detection in combustion environments using an Alexandrite laser.

A new scheme for NH detection by means of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) with excitation around wavelength 385nm, accessible using the second harmonic of a solid-state Alexandrite laser, is presented. Detection of NH was confirmed by identification of corresponding lines in fluorescence excitation spectra measured in premixed NH-air flames and on NH radicals generated through NH photolysis in a nonreactive flow at ambient conditions. Moreover, spectral simulations allow for tentative NH line identification.

Photoionisation study of Xe.CF4 and Kr.CF4 van-der-Waals molecules.

We report on photoionization studies of Xe.CF4 and Kr.CF4 van-der-Waals complexes produced in a supersonic expansion and detected using synchrotron radiation and photoelectron-photoion coincidence techniques.

Luminescence of ion-pair states of halogens in liquid perfluorocarbons.

The I(2)(D'-A') luminescence in liquid C(7)F(16), C(8)F(18), C(9)F(20), and C(12)F(26) has been observed following irradiation with visible (within the I(2) X → B band region) and UV (λ < 300 nm) lasers. The band is shifted by ~2000 cm(-1) to the red relative to the gas phase and is significantly broader (fwhm ≈ 3000 cm(-1) vs 500 cm(-1) in the gas phase). Two-color excitation of other halogens in C(n)F(2n+2) solvents revealed similarly shifted and strongly broadened D'-A' bands of Br(2), IBr, and BrCl.

Satellites of Xe transitions induced by infrared active vibrational modes of CF4 and C2F6 molecules.

Absorption and luminescence excitation spectra of Xe/CF(4) mixtures were studied in the vacuum UV region at high resolution using tunable synchrotron radiation. Pressure-broadened resonance bands and bands associated with dipole-forbidden states of the Xe atom due to collision-induced breakdown of the optical selection rules are reported. The spectra display in addition numerous satellite bands corresponding to transitions to vibrationally excited states of a Xe-CF(4) collisional complex.

Simultaneous optical excitation of Na electronic and CF(4) vibrational modes in Na+CF(4) collisions.

We report on the ultraviolet excitation of Na(3s)+CF(4) collision pairs in a crossed molecular beam experiment. We observe Na(3d) collision products originating from the process Na(3s)+CF(4)(nu(3)=0)+hnu-->Na(3d)+CF(4)(nu(3)=1). The spectral intensity distribution of the collision products and the prevailing small angle scattering confirm a previously proposed long range dipole-dipole mechanism.

Characterization of a shallow-bound 0g+ valence state of I2 using emission from the D 0u+(3P2) and F' 0u+(1D2) ion-pair states populated by amplified spontaneous emission.

A range of vibrational levels of the D 0(u)(+)((3)P(2)) and F' 0(u)(+)((1)D(2)) ion-pair states of I(2) is shown to be easily generated by amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from their more accessible partners, E 0(g)(+)((3)P(2)) and f' 0(g)(+)((1)D(2)), in sufficient concentration for dispersed fluorescence studies of the D 0(u)(+)((3)P(2)) --> 0(g)(+)(bb) and F' 0(u)(+)((1)D(2)) --> 0(g)(+)(bb) transitions to be carried out. T(0) (J = 49) of this shallow-bound 0(g)(+)(bb) valence state is unambiguously determined and an improved R(e) value of 3.952 +/- 0.

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide on pyrite as a pathway for abiogenic formation of organic molecules.

A wide spectrum of electrode potentials of minerals that compose sulfide ores enables the latter, when in contact with hydrothermal solutions, to form galvanic pairs with cathode potentials sufficient for electrochemical reduction of CO2. The experiments performed demonstrated the increase of cathode current on the rotating pyrite disc electrode in a range of potentials more negative than -800 mV in presence of CO2. In high-pressure experiments performed in a specially designed electrochemical cell equipped with a pyrite cathode and placed into autoclave, accumulation of formate was demonstrated after 24 hr passing of CO2 (50 atm, room temperature) through electrolyte solution.

The evolution of multicomponent systems at high pressures: VI. The thermodynamic stability of the hydrogen-carbon system: the genesis of hydrocarbons and the origin of petroleum.

The spontaneous genesis of hydrocarbons that comprise natural petroleum have been analyzed by chemical thermodynamic-stability theory. The constraints imposed on chemical evolution by the second law of thermodynamics are briefly reviewed, and the effective prohibition of transformation, in the regime of temperatures and pressures characteristic of the near-surface crust of the Earth, of biological molecules into hydrocarbon molecules heavier than methane is recognized. For the theoretical analysis of this phenomenon, a general, first-principles equation of state has been developed by extending scaled particle theory and by using the technique of the factored partition function of the simplified perturbed hard-chain theory.

[A comparison of the yield of Vi and O antigens during the adaptation of Salmonella typhi strains to cultivation under starvation conditions].

S. typhi strains Ty(2)4446 and Vi-1S underwent multiple passages in f synthetic liquid starvation culture medium consisting of water with salts and glucose added. In the process of the adaptation of the cultures to these stress conditions (starvation stress) the increasing yield of biomass from passage to passage was observed.

The D' left and right arrow A' Transition in ClF.

The D' (2 (3)P2) left and right arrow A'(2 (3)Pi) transition in ClF is studied in emission, in fluorescence, and through OODR excitation experiments. The emission spectrum is excited in a flowing Tesla discharge of ClF in half an atmosphere of Ar and is photographed at high resolution. The excitation and fluorescence spectra are obtained by pumping through perturbed levels of the B (0(+) 3Pi) valence state.

The A (3Pi1) State of ClF.

The A(3Pi1) state of ClF is studied (1) in emission from the beta(1(3)P2) ion-pair state in a high-pressure discharge, (2) from its role in perturbations of the B(3Pi0(+)) and A'(3Pi2) states, and (3) in direct absorption from the X(1Sigma+) ground state. The last of these is obtained via a UV-labeling technique and represents the first observation of the A <-- X transition. The emission spectrum yields extensive assignments for the 0-4, 0-5, and 1-4 bands of beta --> A, with both e and f lines identified.

[Exploratory laparotomy in stomach cancer].

The results of performance of exploratory laparotomy in 333 patients with gastric cancer have been analysed. The main reason of the use of laparotomy consists in seldom use of the special methods for diagnosis of tumor spreading. Complex use of laparoscopy and radionuclide methods for diagnosis permits to reduce the number of unsubstantiated laparotomies by 45-50% and bring down the frequency of its performance to 12-15% of the total number of operative interventions in gastric cancer.

[The clinical significance of connective tissue metabolism and of cellular and humoral factors in chronic pyelonephritis].

Overall 162 patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CPN) were examined. The control group was made up of 47 practically healthy subjects. Conventional research methods were employed in the diagnosis of CPN.