Complete genome sequence of subsp. BI040, a probiotic strain with multiple health benefits from the NORDBIOTIC collection.

The complete genome of subsp. BI040-a human stool isolate, was sequenced using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technologies. The BI040 genome is composed of a circular 1,944,141-bp chromosome which carries genes potentially involved in vitamin synthesis and gut health.

Complete genome sequence of LU150, a potential vitamin B producer from the NORDBIOTIC collection.

We performed whole-genome sequencing of LU150, a human fecal isolate from the NORDBIOTIC collection. The genome consists of 2,039,406 bp with a GC content of 38.9%.

The Effect of LPC100 and LP140 on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

modulation of gut microbiota by probiotics has been proposed as a target for intervention to reduce bone mineral density (BMD) loss in the postmenopausal period. This study aims to evaluate the effect of (L.) LPC100 and (L.

Complete genome sequence of a potentially probiotic cheese isolate LP140 from the Nordbiotic collection.

We report the complete genome sequence of LP140, a cheese isolate from the Nordbiotic collection, comprising 3,371,266 bp with 44.4% GC content. Our data provide insight into the potential of LP140 for use as a probiotic strain.

Subclass IId bacteriocins targeting mannose phosphotransferase system-Structural diversity and implications for receptor interaction and antimicrobial activity.

The bacterial mannose phosphotransferase system (Man-PTS) mediates uptake of selected monosaccharides. Simultaneously, it is a receptor for diverse bacteriocins such as subclass IIa pediocin-like bacteriocins and some subclass IId ones (garvicins ABCQ, lactococcins ABZ, BacSJ, ubericin K, and angicin). So far, no attempt has been made to categorize this ever-expanding group of bacteriocins.

Antimicrobial Activity against of Plant Extracts and Essential Oils in a Matrix of Bacterial Cellulose.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biodegradable polymer resembling paper after being dried. It finds a growing number of applications in many branches of industry and in medicine. In the present study, BC was produced after ATCC 23769 strain culture and used as a matrix for plant extracts (tulsi, brahmi, lemon, blackberry, nettle root, and nettle leave) and essential oils (cinnamon, sage, clove, mint, thyme, lemongrass, rosemary, lemon, anise, tea tree, lime, grapefruit, and tangerine), and the antimicrobial properties of these biomaterials was determined.

Genomic Analysis of s37: Identification of Resistance and Virulence Genes and Comparison with Other and Closely Related Species.

are environmental commensals that have not been associated with any clinical infections. To date, they are the least understood and described species within the genus. The objective of this study was to use a draft genome sequence (DGS) of the strain s37 to screen for genes encoding for antibiotic resistance, virulence, response to environmental stress, and biofilm formation.

[Studies on the mechanisms of action and development of resistance to class II bacteriocins of Gram-positive bacteria].

Bacteriocins are peptides or proteins produced by bacteria to kill or inhibit the growth of other bacteria inhabiting the same ecological niche. The growing interest in bacteriocins reflects their potential use in food preservation and treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria, among other applications. The number of published studies on the identification of new bacteriocin-producing strains is constantly increasing.

Complete genome sequence of the probiotic LPC100 strain from the NORDBIOTIC collection isolated from a human fecal sample.

We report the genome sequence of the human fecal isolate LPC100 from the NORDBIOTIC collection, comprising a 3.075 Mb chromosome and three plasmids (61 kb, 12 kb, and 7 kb). Genetic content reveals the strain's beneficial features-complete lactose metabolic pathway, potential production of bacteriocins, and short-chain fatty acids.

Whole-genome sequencing and characterization of human fecal isolate LC130 from NORDBIOTIC collection.

We report the complete genome sequence of LC130, isolated from a healthy human fecal sample and part of the NORDBIOTIC collection. The 2.969 Mb genome of LC130 includes genes potentially involved in lactose metabolism and the production of bacteriocins, peptidases, and polyamines, suggesting potential health benefits.

Unlocking the genome of the non-sourdough Kazachstania humilis MAW1: insights into inhibitory factors and phenotypic properties.

Background: Ascomycetous budding yeasts are ubiquitous environmental microorganisms important in food production and medicine. Due to recent intensive genomic research, the taxonomy of yeast is becoming more organized based on the identification of monophyletic taxa. This includes genera important to humans, such as Kazachstania.

Reducing Immunoreactivity of Gluten Peptides by Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria for Dietary Management of Gluten-Related Diseases.

Immunoreactive gluten peptides that are not digested by peptidases produced by humans can trigger celiac disease, allergy and non-celiac gluten hypersensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of selected probiotic strains to hydrolyze immunoreactive gliadin peptides and to identify peptidase-encoding genes in the genomes of the most efficient strains. Residual gliadin immunoreactivity was measured after one- or two-step hydrolysis using commercial enzymes and bacterial peptidase preparations by G12 and R5 immunoenzymatic assays.

The Role of Methanogenic Archaea in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-A Review.

Methanogenic archaea are a part of the commensal gut microbiota responsible for hydrogen sink and the efficient production of short-chain fatty acids. Dysbiosis of methanogens is suspected to play a role in pathogenesis of variety of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Unlike bacteria, the diversity of archaea seems to be higher in IBD patients compared to healthy subjects, whereas the prevalence and abundance of gut methanogens declines in IBD, especially in ulcerative colitis.

Methanogenic Archaea in the Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Relation to Disease Type and Activity.

The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis; however, studies on methanogens-especially those focused on children-are extremely limited. The aim of this study was to determine the abundance of total methanogenic archaea and their three subgroups: () , () , and Methanomassiliicoccales, in the feces of children with both active and inactive Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The results of a quantitative real-time PCR were cross-referenced with the disease type (CD vs.

mutants resistant to lactococcin A and garvicin Q reveal missense mutations in the sugar transport domain of the mannose phosphotransferase system.

Many bacteriocins target the sugar transporter mannose phosphotransferase system (man-PTS) to exert their antibacterial activity. The elucidation in recent years of the structure of man-PTS has facilitated our understanding of how bacteriocins might interact with the receptor and which domains of the transporter are involved in bacteriocin resistance. Here, we show that missense mutations in the sugar-binding domain of the man-PTS not only impede the uptake of sugars but also prevent the antibacterial activity of the bacteriocins lactococcin A and garvicin Q.

Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of IBB3154-in search of new promoters for vaccine construction.

The genome of the strain IBB3154 was sequenced, and transcriptome analysis was carried out at two different temperatures, allowing the determination of gene expression levels in response to environmental changes (temperature). Genes with higher expression at 42°C were identified. The use of a reporter gene (β- glucuronidase) did not confirm the transcriptomic results; it was found that the promoters of the genes and were active in the presence of bile salts.

Control of Bacterial Phenotype and Chromosomal Gene Expression by Single Plasmids of IL594.

Plasmid-free IL1403 is one of the best-characterized representatives of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), intensively used in broad microbiology worldwide. Its parent strain, IL594, contains seven plasmids (pIL1-pIL7) with resolved DNA sequences and an indicated role for overall plasmid load in enhancing host-adaptive potential. To determine how individual plasmids manipulate the expression of phenotypes and chromosomal genes, we conducted global comparative phenotypic analyses combined with transcriptomic studies in plasmid-free IL1403, multiplasmid IL594, and its single-plasmid derivatives.

The LiaFSR-LiaX System Mediates Resistance of Enterococcus faecium to Peptide Antibiotics and to Aureocin A53- and Enterocin L50-Like Bacteriocins.

Multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains are currently a leading cause of difficult-to-treat nosocomial infections. The emerging resistance of enterococci to last-resort antibiotics, such as daptomycin, prompts a search for alternative antimicrobials. Aureocin A53- and enterocin L50-like bacteriocins are potent antimicrobial agents that form daptomycin-like cationic complexes and have a similar cell envelope-targeting mechanism of action, suggesting their potential as next-generation antibiotics.

The Presence of Plasmids in IL594 Determines Changes in the Host Phenotype and Expression of Chromosomal Genes.

The IL594 strain contains seven plasmids (pIL1 to pIL7) and is the parental strain of the plasmid-free IL1403, one of the most studied lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain. The genetic sequences of pIL1 to pIL7 plasmids have been recently described, however the knowledge of global changes in host phenotype and transcriptome remains poor. In the present study, global phenotypic analyses were combined with transcriptomic studies to evaluate a potential influence of plasmidic genes on overall gene expression in industrially important strains.

Lactococcus lactis Resistance to Aureocin A53- and Enterocin L50-Like Bacteriocins and Membrane-Targeting Peptide Antibiotics Relies on the YsaCB-KinG-LlrG Four-Component System.

Resistance to nonribosomally synthesized peptide antibiotics affecting the cell envelope is well studied and mostly associated with the action of peptide-sensing and detoxification (PSD) modules, which consist of a two-component system (TCS) and an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter. In contrast, the mechanisms of resistance to ribosomally synthesized bacterial toxic peptides (bacteriocins), which also affect the cell envelope, are studied to a lesser extent, and the possible cross-resistance between them and antibiotics is still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the development of resistance of Lactococcus lactis to aureocin A53- and enterocin L50-like bacteriocins and cross-resistance with antibiotics.

Microbiological Quality of Nuts, Dried and Candied Fruits, Including the Prevalence of spp.

genus bacteria are food-borne pathogens. Foods contaminated with spp. may pose a risk to infants or immunocompromised adults.

Metabolic Potential, Ecology and Presence of Associated Bacteria Is Reflected in Genomic Diversity of Mucoromycotina.

Mucoromycotina are often considered mainly in pathogenic context but their biology remains understudied. We describe the genomes of six Mucoromycotina fungi representing distant saprotrophic lineages within the subphylum (i.e.

Metabolic fingerprinting of the Antarctic cyanolichen Leptogium puberulum-associated bacterial community (Western Shore of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Maritime Antarctica).

Lichens are presently regarded as stable biotopes, small ecosystems providing a safe haven for the development of a diverse and numerous microbiome. In this study, we conducted a functional diversity assessment of the microbial community residing on the surface and within the thalli of Leptogium puberulum, a eurytopic cyanolichen endemic to Antarctica, employing the widely used Biolog EcoPlates which test the catabolism of 31 carbon compounds in a colorimetric respiration assay. Lichen thalli occupying moraine ridges of differing age within a proglacial chronosequence, as well as those growing in sites of contrasting nutrient concentrations, were procured from the diverse landscape of the western shore of Admiralty Bay in Maritime Antarctica.

The Lactococcal () and Genes for Lipid Metabolism Are Involved in the Resistance to Cell Envelope-Acting Antimicrobials.

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria led to an urgent need for next-generation antimicrobial agents with novel mechanisms of action. The use of positively charged antimicrobial peptides that target cytoplasmic membrane is an especially promising strategy since essential functions and the conserved structure of the membrane hinder the development of bacterial resistance. Aureocin A53- and enterocin L50-like bacteriocins are highly cationic, membrane-targeting antimicrobial peptides that have potential as next-generation antibiotics.