Intrauterine growth restriction leads to a high-corticosterone producing offspring: An implication for pulmonary infection susceptibility.

Aims: Although intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) impairs immune system homeostasis and lung development, its relationship with the susceptibility to pulmonary infections remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of IUGR on acute lung inflammatory response induced by bacterial stimulus.

Materials And Methods: Pregnant female Wistar rats were subjected to 50% caloric-protein food restriction during gestation.

The Novel HR Antagonist 1-[(5-Chloro-2,3-Dihydro-1-Benzofuran-2-Yl)Methyl]-4-Methyl-Piperazine (LINS01007) Attenuates Several Symptoms in Murine Allergic Asthma.

Background/aims: Histamine is an important chemical transmitter involved in inflammatory processes, including asthma and other chronic inflammatory diseases. Its inflammatory effects involve mainly the histamine H receptor (HR), whose role in several studies has already been demonstrated. Our group have explored the effects of 1-[(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyl]piperazines as antagonists of HR, and herein the compounds LINS01005 and LINS01007 were studied with more details, considering the different affinity profile on HR and the anti-inflammatory potential of both compounds.

Intrauterine Malnutrition Reduced Long Leptin Receptor Isoform Expression and Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Male Rat Pulmonary Endothelial Cells Stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide.

Background/aims: We have previously shown that low birth weight (LBW) rats exposed to intrauterine malnutrition have an impaired lung inflammatory response and reduced levels of inflammatory mediators; however, circulating leptin levels were not increased. We evaluated long leptin receptor isoform (ObRb) expression in lung endothelial cells from low birth weight rats and examined its role in the production of lipid mediators and cytokines.

Methods: Lung endothelial cells were obtained from normal birth weight (NBW) rats or LBW rats subjected to intrauterine malnutrition.

Effects of Diacetyl Flavoring Exposure in Mice Metabolism.

Diacetyl is a flavoring that imparts a buttery flavor to foods, but the use or exposure to diacetyl has been related to some diseases. We investigated the effect of oral intake of diacetyl in male and female C57/Bl mice. We performed a target metabolomics assay using ultraperformance liquid chromatography paired with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the determination and quantification of plasmatic metabolites.

Increased chemical acetylation of peptides and proteins in rats after daily ingestion of diacetyl analyzed by Nano-LC-MS/MS.

Background: Acetylation alters several protein properties including molecular weight, stability, enzymatic activity, protein-protein interactions, and other biological functions. Our previous findings demonstrating that diacetyl/peroxynitrite can acetylate L-lysine, L-histidine, and albumin led us to investigate whether diacetyl-treated rats suffer protein acetylation as well.

Methods: Wistar rats were administered diacetyl daily for four weeks, after which they were sacrificed, and their lung proteins were extracted to be analysed by Nano-LC-MS/MS (Q-TOF).

Pharmacological Characterization of 5-Substituted 1-[(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyl]piperazines: Novel Antagonists for the Histamine H and H Receptors with Anti-inflammatory Potential.

The histamine receptors (HRs) are traditional G protein-coupled receptors of extensive therapeutic interest. Recently, HR and HR subtypes have been targeted in drug discovery projects for inflammation, asthma, pain, cancer, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's diseases, which includes searches for dual acting HR/HR ligands. In the present work, nine 1-[(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyl]piperazine (LINS01 series) molecules were synthesized and evaluated as HR and HR ligands.

1-[(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl) methyl]piperazines as novel anti-inflammatory compounds: Synthesis and evaluation on H R/H R.

The histamine receptors (HRs) are members of G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily and traditional targets of huge therapeutic interests. Recently, H R and H R have been explored as targets for drug discovery, including in the search for dual-acting H R/H R ligands. The H R, the most recent histamine receptor, is a promising target for novel anti-inflammatory agents in several conditions such as asthma and other chronic inflammatory diseases.