Risk factors for infectious complications after retrograde intrarenal surgery - a systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Introduction: Infectious complications are among the most frequent and significant complications in retrograde intrarenal lithotripsy. To date, review articles have covered complications after a ureteroscopy, but not after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), specifically. Because the complications and risk factors are different for a ureteroscopy and RIRS, we aimed to identify variables related to the occurrence of infectious complications post-RIRS.

Differential antibacterial activity of genistein arising from global inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in some bacterial strains.

Antibacterial activities of various flavonoids have been reported previously, but mechanism(s) of their action on bacterial cells remain(s) largely unknown. Here, we investigated effects of genistein, an isoflavone, and representatives of other flavonoids: daidzein (another isoflavone), apigenin (a flavone), naringenin (a flavanone) and kaempferol (a flavonol), on commonly used laboratory strains of model bacterial species: Escherichia coli, Vibrio harveyi and Bacillus subtilis. We found that E.