SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR BREAST CANCER AND AXILLARY METASTASES: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy to affect females. The first suggestions of BC and its treatment date back to Ancient Egypt, 1500-1600 B.C.

Outcome evaluation of 10,317 laparoscopic cholecystectomies: a 17-year experience at a single center.

Background/aims: This study is an analysis of the large series of laparoscopic cholecystectomies and compare our results with those reported in the literature concerning complications.

Methodology: From December 1993 to September 2010, 10,317 patients with gallstone disease underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Previously operated patients were also included in the study.

Severe traumatic brain injury after the assault with an axe handle.

Traumatic brain injuries represent a major cause of death and disability. We present a case of a 47-year-old patient who sustained a severe brain injury after being assaulted with a handle of an axe. The patient underwent numerous surgeries by various specialists during several months.

[Burn injuries: what have we learned from history].

Severe burn injuries present a significant public health risk and are often associated with a life-threatening systemic inflammatory response. With the traditional approach, patients often stay in hospital longer and are more prone to problems like joint contractures, hypertrophic scars and infections due to delayed healing. The approach to burn injuries has been improving through and has been adopting new technologies and materials.

Pathological pulmonary hernia in a patient with metastatic breast cancer.

Introduction: Pathological pulmonary hernia is a rare clinical entity which can be caused by malignancies.

Clinical Picture: A 72-year-old female presented with a painful bulge in the left 4th intercostal space. Chest radiography and computed tomography demonstrated a left pulmonary hernia, pleural effusion and destruction of ribs.