Small molecule probes for peroxynitrite detection.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO/ONOOH) is a short-lived but highly reactive species that is formed in the diffusion-controlled reaction between nitric oxide and the superoxide radical anion. It can oxidize certain biomolecules and has been considered as a key cellular oxidant formed under various pathophysiological conditions. It is crucial to selectively detect and quantify ONOO to determine its role in biological processes.

Diesters of monoimide of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid - Synthesis, characterization, and application for dyeing polyester fibre, polystyrene, and poly (methyl methacrylate) films.

Three dyes-diesters of monoimides of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid were synthesized in three-stage process: esterification, hydrolysis, and monoimidation as potential fluorescent light-stable colorants for high visibility safety wear. The structure of these compounds was confirmed by H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and their spectroscopic and physicochemical properties were determined. Colorants were applied to dyeing polyester fibre and polystyrene and poly (methyl methacrylate) films.

Pro-fluorescent probe with morpholine moiety and its reactivity towards selected biological oxidants.

Biological oxidants participate in many processes in the human body. Their excessive production causes organelle damage, which may result in the accumulation of cytotoxic mediators and cell degradation and may manifest itself in various diseases. Peroxynitrite (ONOO ), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hydrogen peroxide (H O ), and peroxymonocarbonate (HOOCO ) are important oxidants in biology, toxicology, and various pathologies.

Evaluation of a novel pyridinium cation-linked styryl-based boronate probe for the detection of selected inflammation-related oxidants.

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are a range of chemical individuals produced by living cells that contribute to the proper functioning of organisms. Cells under oxidative and nitrative stress show excessive production of RONS (including hydrogen peroxide, HO, hypochlorous acid, HOCl, and peroxynitrite, ONOO) which may result in a damage proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Thus, the development of probes for in vivo detection of such oxidants is an active area of research, focusing on molecular redox sensors, including boronate-caged fluorophores.

Comparison of Reactive Sites in 2(1)-Quinolone Derivatives for the Detection of Biologically Important Sulfur Compounds.

Novel fluorescent probes based on 2(1)-quinolone skeleton containing a malonate group (-) were synthesized and proposed for biothiols detection. Their chemical reactivity toward thiols was compared to the reactivity of derivative having a dicyanovinyl group () as a reactive site. The detailed photophysical properties of these compounds were assessed through the determination of absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yield, and fluorescence lifetime.

Water-soluble cationic boronate probe based on coumarin imidazolium scaffold: Synthesis, characterization, and application to cellular peroxynitrite detection.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO) has been implicated in numerous pathologies associated with an inflammatory component, but its selective and sensitive detection in biological settings remains a challenge. Here, the development of a new water-soluble and cationic boronate probe based on a coumarin-imidazolium scaffold (CI-Bz-BA) for the fluorescent detection of ONOO in cells is reported. The chemical reactivity of the CI-Bz-BA probe toward selected oxidants known to react with the boronate moiety was characterized, and the suitability of the probe for the direct detection of ONOO in cell-free and cellular system is reported.

Novel Boronate Probe Based on 3-Benzothiazol-2-yl-7-hydroxy-chromen-2-one for the Detection of Peroxynitrite and Hypochlorite.

Derivatives of coumarin, containing oxidant-sensitive boronate group, were recently developed for fluorescent detection of inflammatory oxidants. Here, we report the synthesis and the characterization of 3-(2-benzothiazolyl)-7-coumarin boronic acid pinacol ester () as a fluorescent probe for the detection of peroxynitrite (ONOO), with high stability and a fast response time. The probe hydrolyzes in phosphate buffer to 3-(2-benzothiazolyl)-7-coumarin boronic acid () which is stable in the solution even after a prolonged incubation time (24 h).

Novel styrylbenzimidazolium-based fluorescent probe for reactive sulfur species: Selectively distinguishing between bisulfite and thiol amino acids.

In this study, a new fluorescent probe containing dicyanovinyl moiety has been designed and synthesized. Fluorescent probe based on styrylbenzimidazolium derivative was reported for the effective detection of bisulfite and distinguish it from biothiols by exploiting dicyanovinyl group as the recognition site. The photophysical properties of the novel styrylbenzimidazolium derivative were assessed by determination of absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yield, and fluorescence lifetime.

Two-photon fluorescent probe for cellular peroxynitrite: Fluorescence detection, imaging, and identification of peroxynitrite-specific products.

A new naphthalene-based boronate probe, NAB-BE, for the fluorescence-based detection of inflammatory oxidants, including peroxynitrite, hypochlorous acid, and hydrogen peroxide, is reported. The chemical reactivity and fluorescence properties of the probe and the products are described. The major, phenolic oxidation product, NAB-OH, is formed in case of all three oxidants tested.

Characterization of a novel styrylbenzimidazolium-based dye and its application in the detection of biothiols.

A novel styrylbenzimidazolium dye containing a maleimide group 5 was synthesized and characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The photophysical properties [ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yield, and fluorescence lifetime] were investigated. Spectroscopic characterization of the novel styrylbenzimidazolium-based dye under various conditions is presented and its usefulness to detect biothiols proved.