The Frequency of Use and Harm Perception of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): The 2019 Cross-Sectional Survey among Medical Students from Poland.

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are devices for generating a nicotine aerosol by heating the tobacco sticks. This study aimed to assess (1) the prevalence of HTP and tobacco cigarette usage among medical students, (2) to characterize smoking habits and (3) to assess students' awareness and opinions about HTPs. A cross-sectional survey on the frequency and attitudes toward cigarettes, e-cigarettes and HTP use was performed between 2019-2020 at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland).

Divergent effects of quinolinic aminoxyls on mitochondrial ultrastructure and localisation in osteosarcoma 143 B cells.

In the present study we have shown that quinolinic aromatic aminoxyls are very efficient in protecting lipids of endoplasmic reticulum membranes against hydroperoxide-induced oxidation. The efficacy of these aminoxyls as protectors of lipids was much higher than the water-soluble 4-OH-TEMPO. We have also shown that QAL causes distinct changes of the morphology of mitochondria: from filamentous to granular enlarged structure via the folding of the former.

Co-existence of apoptotic and necrotic features within one single cell as a result of menadione treatment.

In the present study we examined the effects of menadione, a redox cycling agent, on structural changes of human osteosarcoma line 143B cells. It has been previously reported that menadione can cause necrotic or apoptotic cell death in a concentration- depending manner. In our experimental model, cells were treated with 100 microM menadione for 24 hours.