[Tests of screening criteria for retinopathy of prematurity].

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity is a disease of the eye, i.e. the retinal blood vessels, which occurs exclusively in premature infants.

A simultaneous comparison of four neonatal pain scales in clinical settings.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of four neonatal pain scales (DAN, NIPS, PIPP, and NPAS) in describing newborn's response to a painful event in clinical settings.

Methods: Prospective observational study at university-affiliated neonatal unit. Three hundred-sixty newborns were observed during venepuncture and heel lancing as a part of routine blood workout.

[Pain indicators in newborns].

DEFINITION OF PAIN: The International Association for the Study of Pain has defined pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage." The interpretation of pain is subjective. Each person forms an internal construct of pain through encountered injury.

[The use of peritoneal dialysis in newborns].

Introduction: Acute renal failure is a common complication in critically ill newborn infants. The therapy of acute renal failure is conservative and etiological. Patients not responding to this kind of therapy require peritoneal dialysis.