The influence of preliminary processing of end-of-life tires on transportation cost and vehicle exhausts emissions.

Recovery and recycling end-of-life tires (ELT) incur a significant cost of collection and transportation. Improperly conducted ELT collection contributes to excessive vehicle exhaust emissions and high transportation costs. This study investigates the collection and transportation costs of ELT including preliminary processing of waste tires like cutting, baling and packing tires to reduce the volume of each shipment.

Supporting mobile WEEE collection on demand: A method for multi-criteria vehicle routing, loading and cost optimisation.

The task of increasing collection rates of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is an important challenge in the global economy, and especially in the European Union where stiffer collection targets set out in a new WEEE directive are to be effective by 2019. As the circular economy approach replaces the linear model, resource recycling activities become a priority in waste management policy. As new techniques and possibilities of waste collection systems emerge, opportunities are created for improving efficiency for collection companies and affording benefits for the environment.

How to improve WEEE management? Novel approach in mobile collection with application of artificial intelligence.

In global demand of improvement of electrical and electronic waste management systems, stakeholders look for effective collection systems that generate minimal costs. In this study we propose a novel model for application in mobile collection schemes - on demand that waste be taken back from household residents. This type of the waste equipment collection is comfortable for residents as they can indicate day and time windows for the take-back.

Lateral spread of heat during thyroidectomy using different haemostatic devices.

Introduction: The presented study is an attempt to comprehensively analyze the lateral spread of heat during thyroidectomy. Obtained results may be valuable in other surgical disciplines in which thermal analysis is difficult or impossible.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the temperature distribution in the operating field during thyroidectomy performed with the use of modern haemostatic instruments, and to define the safety margin for the investigated devices.

[The role of plantar calcaneonavicular ligament complex in the development of the adult flat foot--anatomical study].

Acquired adult flat foot, despite numerous research projects, is a controversial clinical entity. Recently the role of plantar calcaneonavicular ligament complex (spring ligament) in stabilization of the longitudinal arch of the foot has drawn an attention. Since there are differences in anatomical description of his complex in the literature, the main aim of our study was to anatomically evaluate this complex.