Objective: To study the association between sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation index (DFI) and the odds of preeclampsia and other adverse perinatal outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.
Design: A prospective cohort study including infertile couples undergoing conventional IVF or ICSI treatment and their children. Data regarding preeclampsia and perinatal outcomes were derived from the Swedish National Birth Register.
Fertility restoration using autologous testicular tissue transplantation is relevant for infertile men surviving from childhood cancer and, possibly, in men with absent or incomplete spermatogenesis resulting in the lack of spermatozoa in the ejaculate (non-obstructive azoospermia, NOA). Currently, testicular tissue from pre-pubertal boys extracted before treatment with gonadotoxic cancer therapy can be cryopreserved with good survival of spermatogonial stem cells. However, strategies for fertility restoration, after successful cancer treatment, are still experimental and no clinical methods have yet been developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Growing evidence suggests intergenerational effects of paternal pre-conceptional smoking through the germ line, but its specific impact on offspring semen quality remains uncertain because of challenges in isolating paternal exposure from maternal passive smoking or underreporting.
Methods: We reran previous analyses estimating differences in semen parameters and testicular size according to paternal smoking in 867 young adult men, adding first-trimester maternal plasma cotinine to the original adjustment for maternal self-reported smoking. We also estimated differences in sperm DNA fragmentation.
Clinical infertility is the inability of a couple to conceive after 12 months of trying. Male factors are estimated to contribute to 30-50% of cases of infertility. Infertility or reduced fertility can result from testicular dysfunction, endocrinopathies, lifestyle factors (such as tobacco and obesity), congenital anatomical factors, gonadotoxic exposures and ageing, among others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Urol Focus
May 2024
Context: For nonazoospermic infertile men with elevated sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), it is unclear whether the use of testicular sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may offer advantages over ejaculated sperm.
Objective: To determine whether ICSI outcomes (fertilisation rate, pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate) are better with testicular sperm than with ejaculated sperm for men with elevated SDF.
Evidence Acquisition: We searched the Cochrane Central, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases (1946-2023) in February 2023 for relevant human comparative studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.
Study Question: How does a history of cancer affect the likelihood of using assisted reproduction in order to achieve paternity?
Summary Answer: As compared to men with no history of cancer, use of assisted reproduction to achieve paternity was more frequent in fathers with a history of cancer, mainly those with testicular, prostate, and hematological and lymphatic malignancies.
What Is Known Already: Although it is well known that different types of cancer and their treatment may have a negative impact on fertility, there is a lack of data regarding the use of IVF and ICSI among male cancer survivors.
Study Design, Size, Duration: In this population-based nation-wide study using the Swedish Medical Birth Register, we identified all men who fathered their first-born child in Sweden between 1994 and 2014.
Environ Health Perspect
January 2023
Background: The risk of inflammatory diseases is sex-dependent, but it remains unknown whether this is due to the impact of sex hormones or sex chromosomes. Transgender individuals represent a unique cohort for studying the relative influence of endocrine and chromosomal factors. Here we compared serum levels of B-cell activating-factor (BAFF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in transgender men (TM), transgender women (TW), cisgender women (CW) and cisgender men (CM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpaired semen quality is present in approximately 50% of all infertile couples, indicating decreased fertility in the male. The etiology is unknown in 40-60% of the cases and standard semen parameters provide limited information about the cause and the chance for pregnancy in vivo or in vitro. Assessment of sperm DNA strand breaks may therefore be useful for optimal infertility treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor expression has been reported in many extra-gonadal tissues, raising the question of non-reproductive effects of FSH. Because of increasing usage of FSH in treatment of male infertility, deeper knowledge of possible harmful off-target effects of FSH is warranted.
Methods: In total, 33 healthy young men (mean age 30 years) were included in the study.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
November 2022
Environ Health Perspect
October 2022
Background: Concerns remain about the human reproductive toxicity of the widespread per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during early stages of development.
Objectives: We examined associations between maternal plasma PFAS levels during early pregnancy and male offspring reproductive function in adulthood.
Methods: The study included 864 young men (age range:18.
Testosterone is a hormone that plays a key role in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Testosterone deficiency is associated with multiple comorbidities, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDose-response association between level of impairment of semen quality and risk of morbidity or premature death has been reported. Therefore, it can be presumed that men utilizing donated spermatozoa, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Aging in men is accompanied by a broad range of symptoms, including sexual dysfunction, cognitive and musculoskeletal decline, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension, organ degeneration/failure, and increasing neoplasia, some of which are associated with declining levels of Leydig cell-produced testosterone. High natural biological variance, together with multiple factors that can modulate circulating testosterone concentration, may influence its interpretation and clinical implications. Insulin-like peptide 3 is a biomarker of Leydig cell function that might provide complementary information on testicular health and its downstream outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) have impaired spermatogenesis. Dilated and un-dilated atrophic seminiferous tubules are often present in the testes of these patients, with the highest likelihood of active spermatogenesis in the dilated tubules. Little is known about the un-dilated tubules, which in NOA patients constitute the majority.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Surgical extraction of testicular spermatozoa is needed in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) who wish to become biological fathers. Based on available uncontrolled studies with unspecific patient selection, microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE), having a sperm retrieval rate (SRR) of 50%, is considered the most efficient sperm retrieval procedure. However, no randomized clinical trials for comparison of different sperm retrieval procedures exist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: During androgen ablation in prostate cancer by the standard gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist treatment, only luteinizing hormone (LH) is permanently suppressed while circulating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) rebounds. We explored direct prostatic effects of add-back FSH, after androgen ablation with GnRH antagonist, permanently suppressing both gonadotropins.
Methods: The effects of recombinant human (rFSH) were examined in mice treated with vehicle (controls), GnRH antagonist degarelix (dgx), dgx + rFSH, dgx + flutamide, or dgx + rFSH + flutamide for 4 weeks.