Fecal microbiota transplantation in a patient with chronic diarrhea and primary and secondary immunodeficiency (common variable immunodeficiency and splenectomy).

The gut microbiota serves a crucial role in the development of host immunity. Immunocompromised patients are particularly vulnerable to dysbiosis not only by virtue of a defect in the immune system but also due to increased susceptibility to infection and multiple courses of antibiotic therapy. Fecal microbiota transplantation is by far the most effective option for restoring gastrointestinal homeostasis.

Comparison of Virulence-Factor-Encoding Genes and Genotype Distribution amongst Clinical Strains.

is an opportunistic pathogen encoding several virulence factors in its genome, which is well-known for its ability to cause severe and life-threatening infections, particularly among cystic fibrosis patients. The organism is also a major cause of nosocomial infections, mainly affecting patients with immune deficiencies and burn wounds, ventilator-assisted patients, and patients affected by other malignancies. The extensively reported emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains poses additional challenges to the management of infections.

Candida auris Infection in a Meningococcal Septicemia Survivor, Poland.

Background: Candida auris is an emerging pathogen that constitutes a serious global health threat. It is difficult to identify without specific approaches, and it can be misidentified with standard laboratory methods, what may lead to inappropriate management.

Case Presentation: We report, probably the first in Poland, C.

Healthcare-associated infections in COVID-19 ICU patients - two-centre study.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to estimate the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAI), microbiological data including resistance patterns and impact of HAI on patients' survival.

Methods: Two-centre study on 172 patients was performed. Medical records of patients hospitalized in the two COVID-19 intensive care units (ICU) localized in Bydgoszcz between 1 October 2020 and 30 March 2021 were analysed retrospectively.

Bacteraemia Caused by Probiotic Strains of -Case Studies Highlighting the Need for Careful Thought before Using Microbes for Health Benefits.

Lactic acid bacteria belonging to spp. and spp. are a natural part of fermented milk and other food products, probiotic supplements and human microbiota.

Mortality Following Infection in Europe: A Retrospective Multicenter Case-Control Study.

We aimed to describe the clinical presentation, treatment, outcome and report on factors associated with mortality over a 90-day period in infection (CDI). Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate regression analyses were performed on data collected in a retrospective case-control study conducted in nine hospitals from seven European countries. A total of 624 patients were included, of which 415 were deceased (cases) and 209 were still alive 90 days after a CDI diagnosis (controls).

Education and training programmes for infection prevention and control professionals: mapping the current opportunities and local needs in European countries.

Background: Studies have repeatedly highlighted the need for homogenisation of training content and opportunities in infection prevention and control (IPC) across European countries.

Objectives: To map current training opportunities for IPC professionals, define local needs and highlight differences, across 11 European countries (Cyprus, France, England, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Switzerland).

Sources: From July 2018 to February 2019, IPC experts directly involved in IPC training and education in their countries and/or internationally were invited to complete a prespecified set of questions in order to provide a detailed description of IPC training opportunities and needs in their country.

Fulminant mucormycosis after a traffic accident: a case report.

Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection in immunocompetent patients, whereas in immunocompromised, it may be systemic and disseminated infection associated with high mortality. Mucormycosis is one of the most rapidly progressing and fulminant forms of fungal infections; Mucor circinelloides is rarely isolated species, also from immunocompromised patients. The reported case of mucormycosis after a traffic accident indicates that it may be the result of a contamination of wound by M.

Surveillance of Antibiotic Prescribing in Intensive Care Units in Poland.

Antibiotic use and microbial resistance in health care-associated infections are increasing globally and causing health care problems. Intensive Care Units (ICUs) represent the heaviest antibiotic burden within hospitals, and sepsis is the second noncardiac cause of mortality in ICUs. Optimizing appropriate antibiotic treatment in the management of the critically ill in ICUs became a major challenge for intensivists.

Use of ECDC PPS HAI&AU data to evaluate adherence to national guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of community-­acquired pneumonia.

INTRODUCTION    Point prevalence surveys are widely described as a useful tool for evaluating antimicrobial policy and adherence to guidelines. OBJECTIVES    We aimed to investigate if data from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) point prevalence survey of healthcare‑associated infections and antimicrobial use (PPS HAI&AU) canbe used to evaluate adherence to national guidelines for the treatment of community‑acquired pneumonia (CAP) and to analyze the quality of treatment regimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS    Data for 72 698 patients were collected in Poland between the years 2012 and 2015 according to the ECDC Protocol v.

The Prevalence of Exoenzyme S Gene in Multidrug-Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Strains.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa rods are one of the most commonly isolated microorganisms from clinical specimens, usually responsible for nosocomial infections. Antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa strains may present reduced expression of virulence factors.

Healthcare associated bloodstream infections in Polish hospitals: prevalence, epidemiology and microbiology-summary data from the ECDC Point Prevalence Survey of Healthcare Associated Infections 2012-2015.

Aggregated data from the Polish Point Prevalence Survey of Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use (PPS HAI&AU) collected between 2012 and 2015 were used to describe the epidemiology of healthcare associated bloodstream infections (BSI) in Polish hospitals, in order to assess the rationale for introducing a BSI surveillance programme in our country and analyse selected risk factors. Data were collected according to the ECDC PPS HAI&AU protocol. Within four years, records for 71,039 patients were collected in 36 (2012), 32 (2013), 112 (2014), and 158 (2015) hospitals; representativeness was evaluated as good in 2012-2013, and excellent from 2014.

Transdifferentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into the Islet-Like Cells: the Role of Extracellular Matrix Proteins.

Pancreatic islet implantation has been recently shown to be an efficient method of treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, limited availability of donor islets reduces its use. Bone morrow would provide potentially unlimited source of stem cells for generation of insulin-producing cells.

Impact of fructose diet and renal failure on the function of pancreatic islets.

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of fructose-rich diet and chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the in vitro function of pancreatic islets.

Methods: Fifty-four rats were divided into 3 equal groups as follows: control, rats with CKD 1/2 that underwent surgical uninephrectomy, and rats with CKD 5/6 that underwent uninephrectomy and kidney cortex mass resection. Each group was further assigned to 3 diet protocols--regular diet, regular diet with 10% fructose (F10), and 60% fructose-rich diet (F60).

Does Toxoplasma gondii infection affect cognitive function? A case control study.

According to studies, latent Toxoplasma gondii infection may affect several functions of the human brain. Here we search for the association between latent toxoplasmosis and cognitive performance. We tested 70 individuals for latent T.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of metallo-beta-lactamase positive and negative Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from intensive care unit patients.

Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is a worldwide increasing and one of the most disturbing problems, given these antibiotics are drugs of choice in the treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing strains. In this study the antibiotic susceptibility of metallo-beta-lactamase-positive and negative Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from intensive care unit (ICU) patients was evaluated. The presence of genes encoding MBLs was determined with a commercial kit hyplex MBL ID (BAG HEALTH CARE).

Evaluation of different methods for detection of metallo-beta-lactamases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.

Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) produced by Pseudomnonas aeruginosa are a serious threat due to their ability to be transmitted between the same as well as different bacterial species. Different methods are applied in the clinical laboratory to detect MBLs. The aim of this study was to compare 4 phenotypic methods and a PCR assay for their ability to detect MBLs in clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant P.

Reduced expression of virulence factors in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are isolated from clinical specimens with increasing frequency. It seems that acquiring genes which determine antibiotic resistance usually comes at a biological cost of impaired bacterial physiology. There is no information on investigations comparing phenotypic differences in MDR and MDS P.

[Influence of ciprofloxacin on the ability of production of staphylococcin T in Staphylococcus cohnii (StT)].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ciprofloxacin in a concentration of 0.25 microg/ml on the ability of synthesis of staphylococcin T (StT) Staphylococcus cohnii at 37 degrees C after 24 and 48 hours incubation. Ciprofloxacin in concentration of 0.

[Relatedness of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci].

Many identification and relatedness studies methods had been commonly used for epidemiological studies in microbiological laboratories. Apart from phenotypic methods, genotypic are also often used. The aim of this study was to compare, obtained by PFGE chromosomal DNA patterns of methicillin-resistant S.

[Use of phenotypic methods to estimate species diversity for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains--comparative analysis].

Many identification and typing methods has been commonly used in microbiological laboratories. Phenotypic methods are the most frequently used. The aim of this study was to compare biochemical profiles and susceptibility patterns ofmethicillin-resistant S.

Toxin A-producing Clostridium difficile as an aetiological factor of post-traumatic wound infection.

Clostridium difficile is a well-known cause of hospital-acquired infection such as antibiotic associated diarrhoea or pseudomembranous colitis. Extraintestinal infections caused by this pathogen are described rarely. A case of post-traumatic wound infection caused by C.

[Activity of doripenem against Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. rods].

Doripenem, the newest carbapenem was approved in 2008 by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections. Its spectrum of activity is similar to that of meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin. The aim of this study was to compare in vitro activity of doripenem against nonfermentative Gram-negative rods.