Essential Components of an Electronic Patient-Reported Symptom Monitoring and Management System: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Multicomponent electronic patient-reported outcome cancer symptom management systems reduce symptom burden. Whether all components contribute to symptom reduction is unknown.

Objective: To deconstruct intervention components of the Symptom Care at Home (SCH) system, a digital symptom monitoring and management intervention that has demonstrated efficacy, to determine which component or combination of components results in the lowest symptom burden.

Impact of an automated, remote monitoring and coaching intervention in reducing hospice cancer family caregiving burden: A multisite randomized controlled trial.

Background: Care for those with life-limiting cancer heavily involves family caregivers who may experience significant physical and emotional burden. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of Symptom Care at Home (SCH), an automated digital family caregiver coaching intervention, during home hospice, when compared to usual hospice care (UC) on the primary outcome of overall caregiver burden. Secondary outcomes included Caregiver Burden at weeks 1 and 8, Mood and Vitality subscales, overall moderate-to-severe caregiving symptoms, and sixth month spouse/partner bereavement outcomes.

Technology-Assisted mHealth Caregiver Support to Manage Cancer Patient Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Context: Caregivers managing symptoms of family members with cancer during home hospice care, often feel ill-prepared and need patient care coaching.

Objectives: This study tested the efficacy of an automated mHealth platform that included caregiver coaching on patient symptom care and nurse notifications of poorly controlled symptoms. The primary outcome was caregiver perception of patients' overall symptom severity throughout hospice care and at weeks one, two, four, and eight.

Autophagy-related chemoradiotherapy sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of tumor-related mortalities worldwide. NSCLC is the most common type of lung cancer. In recent years, advancements in chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy have led to unprecedented survival benefits in some patients.

Metabolite profiling of the post-ovulatory oocytes of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio: A H NMR-based metabolomics approach.

A metabolomics study was conducted to investigate the molecular bases of oocyte over-ripening in common carp, Cyprinus carpio from a metabolic point of view. The ovulation was induced in fish brooders by intramuscular injection of pituitary extract and oocytes were collected four times post-ovulation with 30 min intervals. A set of 32 metabolites were identified on the NMR spectra of the oocytes, which mainly included energy-linked metabolites, amino acids, methylated metabolites and citric acid cycle (TCA) intermediates.

[Gingerbreads of enhanced nutritional value with the non-traditional raw materials].

The results of the research on quality indicators and nutritional value of gingerbreads made from non-traditional raw materials are presented. The flour from whole-hulled chickpea seeds, whole-wheat flour, flour from the buckwheat bran and mustard oil has been used. Non-traditional types of flour were added in the form of flour composite mixture instead of wheat flour (50%) according to the recipe of glazed gingerbread, mustard oil - 8% to the total weight flour.

[Bread from the bioactivated wheat grain with the raised nutrition value].

Bread from the bioactivated grain of wheat differs in high content of dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins compared to traditional types of bread, but, despite this, it has low protein and lysine content. The aim of the study was the development of bread with the raised nutritional value from the bioactivated wheat grain by use of flour from cake of wheat germ (6.5%).

[SANITARY-TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE BREAD PRODUCTION WITH THE USE OF HOP COMPOSITION].

In the aricle there are considered the processing technologies for the improvement of the quality of leaven and sprouted wheat grain products, which being notable for unstable microflora need for the quality control and research of micro biological indices. The use of hop composition was established to give rise in the increase in the quality of the thick grain leaven. It is proved that in this microbiological indices of bakery products advanced, the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms falls, the duration of storage without signs of growth of molds increases.

[Differentiation of activity of a superoxide dismutase inhibitor in human cells exposed to radiation, chemical mutagens and radioadaptive response].

The superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor, TRIEN, which enhanced the formation of gamma-induced DNA breaks in cells of healthy donors and patients with Marfan syndrome and Bloom syndrome (repair-defective hereditary diseases), had virtually no effect on the formation of radioadaptive response (RAR) in these systems. Similar results were obtained in studies on cell survival: TRIEN facilitated mortality in cells irradiated with gamma-rays but did not affect RAR formation. TRIEN also increased the deleterious effect of CdCl2, which indicates that SOD apparently plays a certain role in cell defence against this mutagen.

[The genotoxic effect of gunshot wounds].

Evidence for alterations in chromosomes of experimental animals (rats) and humans after gunshot wounds is presented. The rate of chromatid exchanges induced by gunshot wounds in humans depend on the saturation of body tissues with ascorbic acid. It is assumed that free-radical processes underlie the deleterious effect of gunshot wounds on chromosomes.

[Biomonitoring of lymphocytes of workers exposed to nickel compounds and an approach to reduction of genetic effects].

While examining the workers of the fire nickel production contacting preferably with insoluble and weakly soluble compounds of nickel, inhibition of DNA repair and increased level of chromosome changes (micronucleus test) were detected. Decreasing of micronucleus number, which was higher in smokers, and tendency to the stimulation of DNA repair synthesis were revealed after 1-month course of ascorbic acid (1 g/day). A level of changes in chromosome structure in the control group was estimated using the index of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE): variation of initial values was in normal bounds (6-8 SCE per cell), after vitamin course it even slightly decreased.

[Differences in individual sensitivity to the antimutagenic effect of retinol in lymphocytes from workers in contact with nickel compounds].

Individual sensitivity to nickel compounds was studied in workers employed in nickel industry. The mutagen sensitivity was inferred from the number of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), which was used to characterize the structural alterations of the chromosomes in workers' lymphocytes before and after administration of retinol for a month. The SCE number decreased after retinol administration in nine out of eleven workers.

Individual sensitivity to genotoxic effects of nickel and antimutagenic activity of ascorbic acid.

Cytotoxicity of nickel compounds was studied by stimulating the repair synthesis of DNA and counting lymphocyte micronuclei in workers of smelting shop of copper-nickel sulfide processing plant. Nickel content in the organism was evaluated by its concentrations in hair. Therapy with ascorbic acid (1 g/day for 1 month) led to a significant decrease in the number of micronuclei.

[Regulation of nitrate metabolism through anion polycompartmentation in plant roots].

A new concept illustrated by a corresponding mathematical model of nitrate metabolism regulation is proposed. The model is based on root nitrate compartmentation in several functional pools: storage, metabolic and a mobile pool which is intended for translocation to shoots. Data on nitrate uptake, compartmentation, reduction in intact roots and translocation to shoots were obtained on steady-state wheat seedlings grown at 25 and 12 degrees C in the root zone.

[Formation of sister chromatid exchanges and reparative DNA synthesis in workers exposed to nickel compounds].

In workers from a nickel processing plant, residents of the surrounding industrial zone, and a control group, levels of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE, 33 individuals) and DNA repair synthesis (DRS, 79 individuals) were estimated. Individual variations in SCE level did not correlate to the duration of exposure to nickel compounds or the level of pollution. A statistically significant increase of SCE level among smokers compared to nonsmokers was revealed.

[Radio-adaptive response in repair-defective cells from patients with homocystinuria].

Two lines of fibroblasts isolated by skin biopsy from patients with homocystinuria were characterized as repair-defective cells. Preirradiation of these cells at low doses (0.1 Gy) and irradiation at high doses demonstrated their decreased ability to form radioadaptive response, in comparison with normal cells.

[A comparison of the efficacy of the anticlastogenic action of interferon and of the radiation-adaptive response].

Human lymphocytes, in the in vitro culture, exposed to X-rays (0.05 Gy) or treated with lymphoblastoid interferon (50 IE/ml) in phase G1 were less susceptible to induction of chromosome aberrations, of a chromosome type, by subsequent gamma-radiation (2 Gy) than those exposed to 2 Gy radiation only. The anticlastogenic effect of the pretreatment with interferon was considerably higher than that of preirradiation with X-rays which might be the result of the pleiotropic action of interferon in a cell.

[Modification with ascorbic acid of the level of spontaneous and induced chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of workers in contact with molybdenum salts].

Five workers of molybdenum gilding at the metallurgical works were observed prior to and after administration of ascorbic acid. Tests for chromosomal aberrations (CA) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) were used as the criteria for estimation. Individual sensitivity to the chemicals was revealed in the workers.

[The detection of high-risk groups among workers in contact with heavy metals based on an analysis of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges].

Heavy metal salts, the workers from molybdenum, tungsten and cobalt plants to make in contact with, reveal their mutagenic activity. Individual sensitivity to heavy metal salts has been analyzed through the example of molybdenum. Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges have been studied for the regularities of their formation in lymphocytes of workers depending on the length of service.