Cureus
November 2024
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor. The standard treatment for newly diagnosed GBM includes surgical resection, when feasible, followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide-based chemotherapy. Upon disease progression, the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, can be considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord
November 2024
Objective: Demonstrate the effectiveness of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted, where the participants were patients with CVI (n = 21/42) were assigned randomly to an experimental group (n = 11/22) or a control group (n = 9/18). A treatment of CDT (manual lymphatic drainage, intermittent pneumatic presotherapy, bilayer bandage) was applied to the experimental group for 4 weeks 2 days per week and no treatment was applied to the control group.
Introduction: Whether cardiac impairment can be fully discarded in McArdle disease-the paradigm of 'exercise intolerance', caused by inherited deficiency of the skeletal muscle-specific glycogen phosphorylase isoform ('myophosphorylase')-remains to be determined.
Methods: Eight patients with McArdle disease and seven age/sex-matched controls performed a 15-minute moderate, constant-load cycle-ergometer exercise bout followed by a maximal ramp test. Electrocardiographic and two-dimensional transthoracic (for cardiac dimension's assessment) and speckle tracking [for left-ventricle global longitudinal (GLS) assessments] echocardiographic evaluations were performed at baseline.
Background: The increase in life expectancy and long-lived individuals is a challenge for public health and provides an opportunity to understand the determinants of longevity. However, few studies have addressed the factors associated with the health status and quality of life in a long-lived individual population. We described the perceived health, clinical status, quality of life, and dependency for activities of daily living in a representative population in Castile and Leon, Spain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers that predict the clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) enable the identification of individuals in the early, preclinical stages of the disease. Detecting AD at this point may allow for more effective therapeutic interventions and optimized enrollment for clinical trials of novel drugs. The current biological diagnosis of AD is based on the AT(N) classification system with the measurement of brain deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) ("A"), tau pathology ("T"), and neurodegeneration ("N").
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe are currently facing a pandemic of physical inactivity that might contribute to the growing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we summarize currently available evidence on the association between physical activity and CKD, and also review the effects of exercise intervention in affected patients. Physical activity/exercise might act as a polypill against CKD, preventing its development or even exerting beneficial effects once it is established (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction And Objectives: This study aimed to describe the cardiovascular risk profile of working young adults from Spain and its association with lifestyle.
Methods: Participants (18-30 years) were recruited from a nationwide cohort of economically active adults insured by a large occupational risk prevention company, with data obtained from routine medical assessments. The participants were categorized as having an "unhealthy" cardiovascular risk profile based on the presence of prediabetes/diabetes, prehypertension/hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia, or a "healthy" profile if these conditions were completely absent.
Objective: There is a growing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a condition associated with a higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We assessed the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and CKD and also studied whether PA attenuates CKD-associated CVD risk.
Methods: A cohort of Spanish adults (18-64 years) participated in this nationwide study.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently constrained by limited clinical treatment options. The initial pathophysiological event, which can be traced back to decades before the clinical symptoms become apparent, involves the excessive accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ), a peptide comprised of 40-42 amino acids, in extraneuronal plaques within the brain. Biochemical and histological studies have shown that overaccumulation of Aβ instigates an aberrant escalation in the phosphorylation and secretion of tau, a microtubule-binding axonal protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, accumulating evidence from preclinical and clinical studies consistently indicated that physical activity/exercise plays a crucial role in reducing the incidence and recurrence of various malignancies, by exerting a beneficial modulation of cancer hallmarks. Moreover, physical activity is suggested to attenuate certain adverse effects of anticancer therapy, including the reduction of cardiovascular toxicity and symptoms related to depression and anxiety, among others, while preserving muscular strength. In the case of melanoma, the relationship with physical activity has been critically debated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: This systematic review aims to evaluate and summarize findings from published meta-analyses on the effects of regular exercise in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The review will assess the impact of exercise on functional parameters, health-related quality of life, haemodynamic parameters, physical activity levels, adverse events, and mortality.
Methods And Results: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases (up to May 2023) to identify meta-analyses including randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of regular exercise in patients with PAD.
Background: Exercise might exert anti-tumoral effects in adult cancers but this question remains open in pediatric tumors, which frequently show a different biology compared to adult malignancies. We studied the effects of an exercise intervention on physical function, immune variables and tumoral response in a preclinical model of a highly aggressive pediatric cancer, high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB).
Methods: 6-8-week-old male mice with orthotopically-induced HR-NB were assigned to a control (N = 13) or exercise (5-week combined [aerobic+resistance]) group (N = 17).
Purpose: Concerns on whether athletes--particularly older ones--are at an increased risk of pathological aortic dilation exist, and the prevalence of aortic calcifications in these individuals is unknown. We aimed to compare the dimensions, distensibility, and prevalence of calcifications in the thoracic aorta between former male professional cyclists (cases) and sex/age-matched controls.
Methods: We used a retrospective cohort design, where cases were former finishers of at least one Grand Tour (Tour de France, Giro d' Italia or Vuelta a España) and controls were untrained individuals with no previous sports history and free of cardiovascular risk.
Aims: To assess whether overweight and obesity are independently associated with cardiometabolic health [as categorized based on the presence/absence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, or hypertension)], and the role of lifestyle on this association.
Methods And Results: A nationwide cohort of Spanish adults (18-64 years) was studied using a cross-sectional design and prospective observational design. Lifestyle-related factors (physical activity, sleeping characteristics, alcohol drinking, and smoking) were registered, and participants were classified as having an 'unhealthy' or 'healthy' cardiometabolic status attending to the presence or absence, respectively, of ≥1 CVD risk factor.
Pediatric chronic pain is a common public health problem with a high prevalence among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to review the current knowledge of health professionals on pediatric chronic pain between 15-30% among children and adolescents. However, since this is an underdiagnosed condition, it is inadequately treated by health professionals.
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