[Radical surgical treatment of a new neuroendocrine tumor of the ileocecal valve with liver metastasis and carcinoid syndrome].

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms which have a slow growth pattern. When liver metastases are diagnosed, treatment is controversial and it is focused in symptomatic control.

Aim: To present a patient with a neuroendocrine tumor that arised from the ileocecal valve and it was diagnosed with carcinoid syndrome and treated with radical liver and colonic resection.

Intraoperative US-guided large volume ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma greater than 4 cm.

Background: Percutaneous ethanol injection has been successfully used for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) smaller than 5 cm in size. For larger lesions large volume ethanol injection has not been well explored.

Aim: Evaluate the results of intraoperative Ultrasonographic-guided large volume ethanol injection for HCC larger than 4 cm in size.

[Surgical management of gallstone ileus: fourteen year experience].

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of gallstone ileus, as well as the morbility and mortality associated to this pathology.

Background: The first description of gallstone ileus was made by Bartholin in 1645 during a post-mortem study. It is a rare pathology, the preoperative diagnosis is difficult and controversy exists in the management that should be carried out on first instance, whether the extraction of the gallstone or the correction of the fistula which can affect outcome.

[Laparoscopic liver surgery].

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery has been widely used for digestive tract diseases, specially for gallbladder pathology. Laparoscopic liver surgery pretends to accomplish the same objectives of open surgery but with the advantages of minimally invasive surgery.

Aims: To evaluate the indications and recent results of laparoscopic liver surgery, as well as the technique.

[Bile duct laparoscopic exploration].

The use of ERCP with endoscopic esphincterotomy (ES) for the management of choledocholithiasis has replaced almost completely common bile duct exploration in the era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Once the procedure is completed it is followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the same hospitalization. During the last few years, the development of new technology and equipment with possibilities of minimal invasive procedures and diagnosis, as well as the ongoing surgical skills has allowed surgeons to solve the problem of choledocholithiasis in one minimal invasive procedure, decreasing effectively morbidity with a high success rate, changing again ERCP with ES as a complement and not as a substitute for surgery.

[Current status and long-term results of laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery].

Background: Laparoscopic surgery has a great application for the treatment of different pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. In the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease it is not a exception, since its introduction in 1991 this technique has evolved constantly.

Objective: Analyze and evaluate indications, surgical technique and long term results of laparoscopic surgery as a treatment for gastro-esophageal reflux disease.

[Neuroendocrine gastric carcinoma. A case report and review of current management].

Neuroendocrine or carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract considered previously extremely rare, are diagnosed at present with increased frequency due to the better capacity to identify neuroendocrine system cells in normal and pathologic conditions. Occasionally, these tumors secrete a great variety of vasoactive substances, producing the carcinoid syndrome. Gastric carcinoids are classified, according to their degree of differentiation into well differentiated and poorly differentiated tumors, also called neuroendocrine carcinomas.

[Arterial hypertension as clinical manifestation of non-parasitic hepatic cyst. A case report].

We present the case of a 32-year-old female patient referred to the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan) with a history of several months of systemic hypertension and epigastric pain associated to early postprandial satiety, fatigue, and dyspnea. At physical examination, a smooth, non-tender, palpable mass was found in right upper quadrant 7 cm below costal margin. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed right-sided non-parasitic liver cyst.

[Choledochal cysts in the adult patient. ].

Introduction: Choledochal cysts are a rare anomaly of the biliary system; only 20-30% are diagnosed in adults. The etiology remains uncertain; however, many patients with this pathology have had an anomalous pancreatobiliary junction.

Aim: To evaluate recent trends regarding diagnosis and treatment of choledochal cysts.

[Cavernous hemangioma of the liver and hepatic hemangiomatosis. Indications and results of the surgical resection].

Introduction: Cavernous hemangioma is the most frequent focal liver lesion. It affects mainly women and may cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, mass, and early satiety, or complications such as heart failure or coagulopathy. There are several options for treatment in symptomatic patients.

A retrospective analysis of patients with gallbladder cancer treated with radical resection versus cholecystectomy plus external radiotherapy.

Background/aims: To compare patients with gallbladder cancer treated with radical resection and regional lymphadenectomy (RR-RL) versus simple cholecystectomy and adjuvant external radiotherapy (SC-ERT) and determine outcome.

Methodology: Presentation, operative data, complications and survival were examined in 137 patients. In particular, the 45 patients treated with RR-RL or SC-ERT.