Aquaculture-driven evolution of the salmon louse mtDNA genome.

Resistance toward the antiparasitic pyrethroid, deltamethrin, is reported in the Atlantic salmon louse (), a persistent ectoparasite of farmed and wild salmonids. The resistance mechanism is linked to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), where genetic markers for resistance have been identified. Here, we investigated how widespread pyrethroid use in aquaculture may have influenced mtDNA variation in lice, and the dispersion of resistant haplotypes across the North Atlantic, using historical (2000-2002 "pre-resistance") and contemporary (2014-2017 "post-resistance") samples.

Methanogens and Iron-Reducing Bacteria: the Overlooked Members of Mercury-Methylating Microbial Communities in Boreal Lakes.

Methylmercury is a potent human neurotoxin which biomagnifies in aquatic food webs. Although anaerobic microorganisms containing the gene potentially mediate the formation of methylmercury in natural environments, the diversity of these mercury-methylating microbial communities remains largely unexplored. Previous studies have implicated sulfate-reducing bacteria as the main mercury methylators in aquatic ecosystems.

An in vitro evaluation of browser and grazer fermentation efficiency and microbiota using European moose spring and summer foods.

Evolutionary morphological and physiological differences between browsers and grazers contribute to species-specific digestion efficiency of food resources. Rumen microbial community structure of browsers is supposedly adapted to characteristic nutrient composition of the diet source. If this assumption is correct, domesticated ruminants, or grazers, are poor model animals for assessing the nutritional value of food consumed by browsing game species.

High-quality draft genome of the methanotroph Str. HV10-M2 isolated from plant material at a high-altitude environment.

Here we present the genome of strain HV10-M2, a methanotroph isolated from Hardangervidda national park (Norway). This strain represents the second of the two validly published species genus with a sequenced genome. The other is HT12, which is the type strain of the species and the type species of the genus We present the genome of str.

Activity and diversity of methane-oxidizing bacteria along a Norwegian sub-Arctic glacier forefield.

Methane (CH4) is one of the most abundant greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and identification of its sources and sinks is crucial for the reliability of climate model outputs. Although CH4 production and consumption rates have been reported from a broad spectrum of environments, data obtained from glacier forefields are restricted to a few locations. We report the activities of methanotrophic communities and their diversity along a chronosequence in front of a sub-Arctic glacier using high-throughput sequencing and gas flux measurements.

Molecular composition of organic matter controls methylmercury formation in boreal lakes.

A detailed understanding of the formation of the potent neurotoxic methylmercury is needed to explain the large observed variability in methylmercury levels in aquatic systems. While it is known that organic matter interacts strongly with mercury, the role of organic matter composition in the formation of methylmercury in aquatic systems remains poorly understood. Here we show that phytoplankton-derived organic compounds enhance mercury methylation rates in boreal lake sediments through an overall increase of bacterial activity.

The effect of temperature change on the microbial diversity and community structure along the chronosequence of the sub-arctic glacier forefield of Styggedalsbreen (Norway).

Microbial communities in the glacier forefield of Styggedalsbreen, Norway, were investigated along a chronosequence from newly exposed soil to vegetated soils using next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In order to monitor the short-term effect of temperature on community successions along the soil gradient, the soil samples were incubated at three different temperatures (5°C, 10°C and 22°C). The microbial community composition along the chronosequence differed according to distance from the glacial terminus and incubation temperature.