Unveiling relevant emotions, cognitions, and behaviours from the viewpoint of people with chronic low back pain: A qualitative study with patient involvement.

Objective: To gain insight into the emotions, cognitions, and behaviours experienced by people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) undergoing invasive treatment in a pain unit.

Design: A cross-sectional qualitative study based on individual interviews. This study included patient involvement in its design and development.

Prognostic Factors of Perceived Disability and Perceived Recovery After Whiplash: A Longitudinal, Prospective Study With One-year Follow-up.

Objectives: The understanding of the role that cognitive and emotional factors play in how an individual recovers from a whiplash injury is important. Hence, we sought to evaluate whether pain-related cognitions (self-efficacy beliefs, expectation of recovery, pain catastrophizing, optimism, and pessimism) and emotions (kinesiophobia) are longitudinally associated with the transition to chronic whiplash-associated disorders in terms of perceived disability and perceived recovery at 6 and 12 months.

Methods: One hundred sixty-one participants with acute or subacute whiplash-associated disorder were included.

Change in demand for health-related undergraduate studies in Spain during 2015-2021: a temporal series study.

Introduction: The expansion of higher education is a worldwide phenomenon. To our knowledge, there are no studies analyzing the trends in demands of enrollment in health-related studies in Spain. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the change in demand (the number of requests for enrollment divided by the number of offered places) for undergraduate health-related studies in Spain during the period 2015-2021 as well as compare the change by region in the pre (2015-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) period.

Exercise into pain in chronic rotator cuff related shoulder pain: a prospective single-group feasibility study.

Objectives: This study evaluated the feasibility of exercising into pain in rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP), data collection procedures, feedback from physiotherapists and patients, and clinically important changes in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Design: Unblinded non-randomised single-group study.

Setting: Physiotherapy clinic in Belgium.

Exploration of the clinical course and longitudinal correlations in frozen shoulder: The role of autonomic function, central pain processing, and psychological variables. A longitudinal multicenter prospective observational study.

Background: Altered central pain processing (CPP) and dysautonomia might play a role in the clinical course of frozen shoulder and psychological factors, like pain catastrophizing and hypervigilance, might influence clinical variables in frozen shoulder.

Objectives: To explore the clinical course of frozen shoulder regarding CPP, dysautonomia, pain catastrophizing, and hypervigilance and to explore whether longitudinal correlations between these outcomes and pain intensity were present.

Design: prospective longitudinal observational study.

Exploration of the clinical course of frozen shoulder: A longitudinal multicenter prospective study of functional impairments.

Background: Contradictory evidence exists regarding the clinical course of frozen shoulder (FS).

Objectives: To explore the clinical course of FS regarding disabilities, pain, range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, scapular upward rotation, and proprioception and to establish longitudinal correlations between these variables.

Methods: Patients with FS were prospectively followed for 9 months at 3-month intervals.

Role of Immersive Virtual Reality in Motor Behaviour Decision-Making in Chronic Pain Patients.

Primary chronic pain is a major contributor to disability worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 20-33% of the world's population. The high socio-economic impact of musculoskeletal pain justifies seeking an appropriate therapeutic strategy. Immersive virtual reality (VR) has been proposed as a first-line intervention for chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Is there any benefit of adding a central nervous system-focused intervention to a manual therapy and home stretching program for people with frozen shoulder? A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a highly disabling pathology of poorly understood etiology, which is characterized by the presence of intense pain and progressive loss of range of motion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding a central nervous system (CNS)-focused approach to a manual therapy and home stretching program in people with FS.

Methods: A total of 34 patients with a diagnosis of primary FS were randomly allocated to receive a 12-week manual therapy and home stretching program or manual therapy and home stretching program plus a CNS-focused approach including graded motor imagery and sensory discrimination training.

Reliability of coracohumeral distance and subcoracoid tendons in subacromial pain syndrome.

This study investigated the intra-rater reliability of a novice ultrasound (US) examiner and the inter-rater reliability of two examiners (novice, expert) in the measures of coracohumeral distance at rest (CHD) and at 60° of elevation without (CHD60) or with weights (CHD60w), tendon thickness of the long head of the biceps (LHB) and subscapularis (SCP). Twenty-one patients with subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS) and 20 asymptomatic participants were included. Intra and inter-rater reliability were tested with intraclass-correlation-coefficient (ICC), differences between raters were analyzed with Bland-Altman plots.

Understanding the clinical profile of patients with frozen shoulder: a longitudinal multicentre observational study.

Introduction: There is a large diversity in the clinical presentation of frozen shoulder (FS) and the clinical outcome is not always satisfactory. The aim of the current study was to examine to what extent range of motion (ROM) limitation, metabolic factors (diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders), autonomic symptoms and pain sensitivity may contribute to the prognosis in terms of shoulder pain and disability and quality of life in patients with FS.

Methods: Patients with stage 1 or 2 FS were longitudinally followed-up during 9 months after baseline assessment.

Perceived pain and disability but not fear of movement are associated with altered cervical kinematics in people with acute neck pain following a whiplash injury.

Objectives: To determine if measures of cervical kinematics are altered in people with acute whiplash associated disorders (WAD) and secondarily, to examine whether kinematic variables are associated with self-reported outcomes.

Methods: We recruited people with acute WAD within 15 days after a motor vehicle collision and asymptomatic control participants. All participants performed active neck movements at a self-determined velocity.

Digital pain extent is associated with pain intensity but not with pain-related cognitions and disability in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To evaluate whether digital pain extent is associated with an array of psychological factors such as optimism, pessimism, expectations of recovery, pain acceptance, and pain self-efficacy beliefs as well as to analyse the association between digital pain extent and pain intensity and pain-related disability in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a primary health care setting was carried out including 186 individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Patient-reported outcomes were used to assess psychological factors, pain intensity, and pain-related disability.

"My Pain Is Unbearable…I Cannot Recognize Myself!" Emotions, Cognitions, and Behaviors of People Living With Musculoskeletal Disorders: An Umbrella Review.

Objective: To summarize (1) the emotions, cognitions, and behaviors of people who are living with musculoskeletal disorders related to symptoms and (2) the interactions of emotions, cognitions, and behaviors with the person's environment (family, social, and work roles).

Design: An umbrella review of qualitative research syntheses and meta-summaries (metasynthesis, meta-ethnographies, meta-aggregation, meta-summary).

Literature Search: We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycARTICLES, PsycEXTRA, PsycINFO, PubMed, and PubPsych from database inception to January 2021.

Subacromial space measured by ultrasound imaging in asymptomatic subjects and patients with subacromial shoulder pain: an inter-rater reliability study.

Background: Acromiohumeral distance (AHD) and supraspinatus tendon thickness (STT) measured by ultrasound (US) can be combined in the occupation ratio (OR). Inter-rater reliability on these subacromial measures depends on the US experience of raters and on the subject status, differing between asymptomatic or patients with subacromial shoulder pain (SSP).

Objective: To evaluate inter-rater reliability between two raters with different US experience (experienced examiner and novice examiner).

Assessment of Neuromuscular and Psychological Function in People with Recurrent Neck Pain during a Period of Remission: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses.

The aim of this study was to examine for the presence of differences in neuromuscular and psychological function in individuals with recurrent neck pain (RNP) or chronic neck pain (CNP) following a whiplash trauma compared to healthy controls. A secondary aim was to examine whether neuromuscular characteristics together with psychological features in people with RNP were predictive of future painful episodes. Multiple features were assessed including neck disability, kinesiophobia, quality of life, cervical kinematics, proprioception, activity of superficial neck flexor muscles, maximum neck flexion and extension strength, and perceived exertion during submaximal contractions.

A Central Nervous System Focused Treatment Program for People with Frozen Shoulder: A Feasibility Study.

Background: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a highly disabling pathology of poorly understood etiology, which is characterized by the presence of intense pain and progressive loss of range of motion (ROM). The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and clinical impact of a CNS-focused treatment program for people with FS. Methods: 10 subjects with primary FS received a 10-week CNS-focused intervention including sensory discrimination training and graded motor imagery techniques delivered as clinic sessions (60 min) and home therapy (30 min five times per week).

Are Measures of Physical Function of the Neck Region Associated With Poor Prognosis Following a Whiplash Trauma?: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The objective of this study was to synthesize the current evidence regarding the predictive ability of measures of physical function (PF) of the neck region and perceived PF on prognosis following a whiplash injury.

Materials And Methods: Electronic databases were searched by 2 independent reviewers up to July 2020, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science as well as gray literature. Eligible studies were selected by 2 reviewers who then extracted and assessed the quality of evidence.

Morphological Characteristics of Passive and Active Structures of the Foot Across Populations With Different Levels of Physical Activity.

Background: Imaging diagnosis plays a fundamental role in the evaluation and management of injuries suffered in sports activities.

Objective: To analyze the differences in the thickness of the Achilles tendon, patellar tendon, plantar fascia, and posterior tibial tendon in the following levels of physical activity: persons who run regularly, persons otherwise physically active, and persons with a sedentary lifestyle.

Design: Cross-sectional and observational.

Pain Catastrophizing, Opioid Misuse, Opioid Use, and Opioid Dose in People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this study was to analyze the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between pain catastrophizing and opioid misuse, opioid use, and opioid dose in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain. For this systematic review, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, manual searches, and grey literature were searched from inception to May 2020. Observational studies were included if they evaluated the association between pain catastrophizing and opioid dose, opioid use, and/or opioid misuse in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Differences in supraspinatus occupation ratio between the symptomatic, the contralateral asymptomatic shoulder and control subjects: A cross-sectional study.

The relationship between supraspinatus tendon thickness and the acromiohumeral distance (AHD) at both rest position and shoulder elevation is still to be explored in those with chronic shoulder pain. The aim is to compare supraspinatus occupation ratio (OR) at 0° and 60° of shoulder elevation measured by ultrasound imaging in the symptomatic shoulder, the contralateral asymptomatic shoulder and in healthy subjects. This was across-sectional, observational study.

Self-efficacy beliefs mediate the association between pain intensity and pain interference in acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders.

Purpose: To evaluate whether a set of pre-accident demographic, accident-related, post-accident treatment and psychosocial factors assessed in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) mediate the association between pain intensity and: (1) pain interference and (2) expectations of recovery, using Bayesian networks (BNs) analyses. This study also explored the potential mediating pathways (if any) between different psychosocial factors.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of 173 participants with acute/subacute WAD.