Publications by authors named "Alejandro Diaz Gonzalez-Colmenero"
Purpose Of Review: Greater availability of sequencing methods has broadened the knowledge of the urinary microbiome in an environment previously believed to be sterile. This review discusses internal and external influences that promote either a balance or a dysbiosis of the urinary tract and the future perspectives in understanding lower urinary tract infections.
Recent Findings: Efforts have been made to identify a "core" urinary microbiome in which Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes account for most of the bacterial representations.
Aims: Examine the efficacy of metformin compared to placebo or other glucose-lowering medications on microvascular outcomes in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from database inception to March 2020. We included randomized clinical trials of patients with T2DM receiving metformin compared with another active glucose-lowering treatment or placebo in which a microvascular outcome was assessed.
Background: Altered cortisol levels have been associated with an increase in mortality and a decrease in health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, adrenal response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test has not been evaluated in patients with stage 3a to 5 CKD with and without renal replacement therapy (RRT).
Objective: To evaluate adrenal function in patients with CKD.
Materials And Methods: Adults with CKD underwent a low-dose cosyntropin stimulation test (1 µg synthetic ACTH), with serum cortisol levels being measured at 0, +30 and +60 minutes post-test.
Values, preferences and burden of treatment for the initiation of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.
BMJ Open
July 2021
Objectives: Assess values, preferences and burden of treatment that patients with type 2 diabetes consider when initiating glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) compared with other glucose-lowering options.
Methods: Paired reviewers independently included studies reporting quantitative or qualitative methods to assess values, preferences and burden of treatment reported by patients with type 2 diabetes regarding the initiation of GLP-1 RA or SGLT-2i over other alternatives. A systematic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until May 2020 was performed by an experienced librarian.
Objective: To evaluate sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes at varying cardiovascular and renal risk.
Design: Network meta-analysis.
Data Sources: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL up to 11 August 2020.
Article Synopsis
- The TyG index is a potential biochemical marker for insulin resistance (IR), but its diagnostic accuracy is still questionable.
- A systematic review analyzed 15 studies with nearly 70,000 participants, measuring the TyG index against recognized IR tests, revealing high sensitivity (up to 96%) but variable specificity based on different methods used.
- The review concluded that while there is some moderate-to-low quality evidence for the TyG index's effectiveness, inconsistent definitions of IR and varying cutoff values across studies highlight the need for further validation before clinical use.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare morning serum cortisol (MSC) levels with a 10 mg ACTH stimulation test for diagnosing adrenal insufficiency (AI) through a retrospective analysis of 306 eligible tests.
- The results showed that MSC had high diagnostic performance with area under the curve values of up to 0.925, along with good sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (89.1%) for identifying AI.
- The findings suggest that MSC could serve as a first-step diagnostic test, potentially allowing for the avoidance of ACTH stimulation tests in nearly half the cases, warranting further research for confirmation.
Background: Hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia coexist in 30-60% of patients with diabetes. The impact of hypertriglyceridemia regarding HbA1c assay reliability remains uncertain. Therefore, we conducted a prospective controlled study with the aim of defining the association between triglyceride levels and HbA1c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Trustworthy (i.e. low risk of bias) randomized clinical trials (RCTs) play an important role in evidence-based decision making.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutcomes that patients perceive and value are systematically unassessed in randomized clinical trials of endocrine-related illnesses: a systematic review.
J Clin Epidemiol
February 2019
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a review protocol.
BMJ Open
June 2018
Article Synopsis
- * The review will involve analyzing randomized controlled trials from various scientific databases, focusing on studies comparing SGLT-2 inhibitors with other treatments or placebos that assess microvascular outcomes.
- * Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences, and since the research does not use individual patient data, ethical approval is not required.
Perineural spread adenoid cystic carcinoma can alter the dimension of foramina and canals of the skull base. The objective of this study was to determine the range of normal variation of the foramina and canals of both hemicranium. We analyzed 200 individuals with no alterations of the skull base in a retrospective manner using high-resolution computed tomography.
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