Imported Human West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Infection in Spain: Neurological and Gastrointestinal Complications.

We report the first human case of West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 infection imported to Spain by a traveler returning from Romania. Serum, cerebrospinal fluid and urine samples were analyzed and West Nile virus infection was identified by PCR and serological tests. The patient developed fever, diarrhea and neurological symptoms, accompanied by mild pancreatitis, described previously in very few cases as a complication of WNV infection and by alithiasic cholecystitis.

Clinical risk conditions for acute lung injury in the intensive care unit and hospital ward: a prospective observational study.

Background: Little is known about the development of acute lung injury outside the intensive care unit. We set out to document the following: the association between predefined clinical conditions and the development of acute lung injury by using the American-European consensus definition; the frequency of lung injury development outside the intensive care unit; and the temporal relationship between antecedent clinical risk conditions, intensive care admission, and diagnosis of lung injury.

Methods: We conducted a 4-month prospective observational study in three Spanish teaching hospitals, enrolling consecutive patients who developed clinical conditions previously linked to lung injury, both inside and outside the intensive care unit.

Sepsis incidence and outcome: contrasting the intensive care unit with the hospital ward.

Objective: To describe the outcome of patients with sepsis according to location on a ward or in an intensive care unit.

Design: Prospective multicentered observational study.

Setting: Three academic hospitals in Madrid, Spain.

Noninvasive vs conventional mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory failure: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) is beneficial for patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) when added to medical treatment. However, its role as an alternative to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) remains controversial. Our aim was to compare the efficacy and resource consumption of NIMV against CMV in patients with ARF.

[Intrahospital mortality after discharge from the ICU (hidden mortality) in patients who required mechanical ventilation].

Background And Objective: Our goal was to determine the hidden mortality (HM) in patients who underwent an episode of mechanical ventilation (MV). We also analyzed the factors associated with an increase in the risk of hidden mortality.

Patients And Method: Prospective cohort study.