The GPR30 Receptor Is Involved in IL-6-Induced Metastatic Properties of MCF-7 Luminal Breast Cancer Cells.

Luminal breast cancer has a high incidence worldwide and poses a severe health threat. Estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) is activated by 17β-estradiol (E2), and its overexpression promotes cancerous characteristics. Luminal breast cancer is an epithelial type; however, the cytokine IL-6, secreted by cells within the tumor microenvironment, stimulates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes metastasis.

Metabolism and immune memory in invertebrates: are they dissociated?

Since the discovery of specific immune memory in invertebrates, researchers have investigated its immune response to diverse microbial and environmental stimuli. Nevertheless, the extent of the immune system's interaction with metabolism, remains relatively enigmatic. In this mini review, we propose a comprehensive investigation into the intricate interplay between metabolism and specific immune memory.

Evaluating the Activity and Safety of Modified LfcinB Peptides as Potential Colon Anticancer Agents: Cell Line Studies and Insect-Based Toxicity Assessments.

Anticancer peptides are increasingly being considered as alternative treatments for cancer due to their potency, selectivity, and low toxicity. Previously, the peptide LfcinB (21-25) showed anticancer effects against the Caco-2 colon cancer cell line (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC): 86 μM). In this study, we developed modifications to the peptide sequence to increase its anticancer activity.

GPER: An Estrogen Receptor Key in Metastasis and Tumoral Microenvironments.

Estrogens and their role in cancer are well-studied, and some cancer types are classified in terms of their response to them. In recent years, a G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has been described with relevance in cancer. GPER is a pleiotropic receptor with tissue-specific activity; in normal tissues, its activation is related to correct development and homeostasis, while in cancer cells, it can be pro- or anti-tumorigenic.

Non-natural amino acids into LfcinB-derived peptides: effect in their (i) proteolytic degradation and (ii) cytotoxic activity against cancer cells.

The dimeric peptide [F]: (RRWQWRKKLG)-K-Ahx has exhibited a potent cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cell lines, with position 26 (F) being the most relevant for anti-cancer activity. In this investigation, six analogues of the [F] peptide were synthesized in which the 26th position was replaced by non-natural hydrophobic amino acids, finding that some modifications increased the resistance to proteolytic degradation exerted by trypsin or pepsin. Additionally, these modifications increased the cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cells and generated cell death mediated by apoptosis pathways, activating caspases 8 and 9, and did not compromise the integrity of the cytoplasmic membrane.

The Antimicrobial Peptide γ-Thionin from Habanero Chile () Induces Caspase-Independent Apoptosis on Human K562 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Regulates Epigenetic Marks.

Cancer is a relevant health problem worldwide. In 2020, leukemias represented the 13th most commonly reported cancer cases worldwide but the 10th most likely to cause deaths. There has been a progressive increase in the efficacy of treatments for leukemias; however, these still generate important side effects, so it is imperative to search for new alternatives.

The plant defensins PaDef and γ-thionin inhibit the endothelial cell response to VEGF.

Angiogenesis is involved in wound repair and tissue maintenance but is associated with diverse diseases. Pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulate this process. Therefore, searching for treatments to inhibit or promote angiogenesis is attractive.

Platelet Reactivity and Inflammatory Phenotype Induced by Full-Length Spike SARS-CoV-2 Protein and Its RBD Domain.

A state of immunothrombosis has been reported in COVID-19. Platelets actively participate in this process. However, little is known about the ability of SARS-CoV-2 virus proteins to induce platelet activity.

Antifungal Activity of Avocado Seed Recombinant GASA/Snakin PaSn.

The avocado fruit () has become a significant fruit in the human diet for its nutritional properties. However, the seed is a source of bioactive molecules and has been poorly utilized. Previously, we reported that the PaSn gene is expressed in the avocado seeds, a cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide (GASA/Snakin), and demonstrated its antibacterial activity.

Prolactin regulates H3K9ac and H3K9me2 epigenetic marks and miRNAs expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells challenged with .

Epigenetic mechanisms are essential in the regulation of immune response during infections. Changes in the levels of reproductive hormones, such as prolactin, compromise the mammary gland's innate immune response (IIR); however, its effect on epigenetic marks is poorly known. This work explored the epigenetic regulation induced by bovine prolactin (bPRL) on bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) challenged with .

Comparative virulence of the worldwide ST19 and emergent ST213 genotypes of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium strains isolated from food.

Salmonella enterica Typhimurium represents one of the most frequent causal agents of food contamination associated to gastroenteritis. The sequence type ST19 is the founder and worldwide prevalent genotype within this serotype, but its replacement by emerging genotypes has been recently reported. Particularly, the ST213 genotype has replaced it as the most prevalent in clinical and contaminated food samples in Mexico and has been recently reported in several countries.

Biological Activities of Organic Extracts of the Genus : A Review from 2005 to 2021.

Different ethnomedicinal studies have investigated the relationship between various phytochemicals as well as organic extracts and their bioactive aspects. Studies on biological effects are attributed to secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and terpenes. Since there have been no reviews in the literature on the traditional, phytochemical, and ethnomedicinal uses of the genus so far, this article systematically reviews 141 published studies that analyze the associations between secondary metabolites present in organic extracts and their beneficial effects.

PaDef ( var. drymifolia), a Plant Antimicrobial Peptide, Triggers Apoptosis, and Induces Global Epigenetic Modifications on Histone 3 in an Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Cell Line.

In recent years, it has been recognized that epigenetic alterations play an important role in the development and maintenance of cancer, including leukemias. Furthermore, it is known that these alterations are involved in the emergence of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics. Consequently, molecules with an anticancer activity whose activity is ruled by epigenetic modifications are attractive to search for new therapies against cancer.

Cytotoxicity of a Lipid-Rich Extract from Native Mexican Avocado Seed ( var. drymifolia) on Canine Osteosarcoma D-17 Cells and Synergistic Activity with Cytostatic Drugs.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in both children and dogs. It is an aggressive and metastatic cancer with a poor prognosis for long-term survival. The search for new anti-cancer drugs with fewer side effects has become an essential goal for cancer chemotherapy; in this sense, the bioactive compounds from avocado have proved their efficacy as cytotoxic molecules.

Bioactive Molecules From Native Mexican Avocado Fruit (Persea americana var. drymifolia): A Review.

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a tree native from central and eastern México that belongs to the Lauraceae family. Avocado has three botanical varieties known as Mexican (P.

Long-term activation of hippocampal glial cells and altered emotional behavior in male and female adult rats after different neonatal stressors.

Early life stress increases the risk of developing psychiatric diseases in adulthood. Severe neonatal infections can also contribute to the development of affective illnesses. Stress and infections both trigger the immediate activation of the neuroimmune system.

Analysis of virulence traits of isolated from bovine mastitis in semi-intensive and family dairy farms.

Background: is one of the main microorganisms that causes bovine mastitis, and its well-known virulence characteristics and interactions with the environment are used to aid the design of more efficient therapies.

Objectives: To determine whether the virulence traits, such as antibiotic resistance and biofilm-forming and internalization abilities, of isolated from bovine mastitis are related to dairy production system types.

Methods: The study was performed in the Mexican states of Guanajuato and Michoacan.

Plant Defensin γ-Thionin Induces MAPKs and Activates Histone Deacetylases in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Infected With .

Defensins are an important group of host defense peptides. They have immunomodulatory properties, which have been mainly described for mammal defensins, but similar effects for plant defensins remain unknown. Previously, we showed that the defensin γ-thionin () reduces internalization into bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) while inducing Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), modulating the inflammatory response.

Prolactin and Estradiol are Epigenetic Modulators in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells during Infection.

Changes in the levels of reproductive hormones compromise the bovine innate immune response (IIR). Changes in 17β-estradiol (E2) and prolactin (bPRL) levels affect the IIR of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs), the target tissue of these hormones. In this work, we explored the effect of the combined hormones on bMEC IIR during infection, and if they can modulate epigenetic marks.

Peptides Derived from (RRWQWRMKKLG)K- Induce Selective Cellular Death in Breast Cancer Cell Lines through Apoptotic Pathway.

The effect on the cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines of the substitution of Met residue in the sequence of the Bovine Lactoferricin-derived dimeric peptide LfcinB (20-30): (RRWQWRMKKLG)-K- with amino acids of different polarity was evaluated. The process of the synthesis of the LfcinB (20-30) analog peptides was similar to the original peptide. The cytotoxic assays showed that some analog peptides exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cell lines HTB-132 and MCF-7, suggesting that the substitution of the Met with amino acids of a hydrophobic nature drastically enhances its cytotoxicity against HTB-132 and MCF-7 cells, reaching IC values up to 6 µM.

The tetrameric peptide LfcinB (20-25) derived from bovine lactoferricin induces apoptosis in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

The cytotoxic effect of the tetrameric peptide LfcinB (20-25) against breast cancer cell line ATCC® HTB-22™ (MCF-7) was evaluated. The tetrameric peptide exhibited a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cancer cells. The peptide at 22 µM had the maximum cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cancer cells, reducing their cell viability to ∼20%.

La psoriasis: de la investigación básica y clínica al desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos.

La psoriasis es una enfermedad cutánea incurable que afecta a 2.9 % de la población mexicana, por lo que es trascendente analizar el impacto de la medicina traslacional en el desarrollo de medicamentos antipsoriásicos. En esta revisión se discuten conceptos etiopatogénicos de la enfermedad y se analizan artículos publicados entre 2005 y 2017 en torno a medicamentos en desarrollo, además, se presenta un análisis crítico sobre las perspectivas futuras en el desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos.