Effectiveness of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics in Managing Insulin Resistance and Hormonal Imbalance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age characterized by insulin resistance and hormonal imbalances. Recent research suggests that probiotics and synbiotics may improve these parameters by modulating the gut microbiota. This study systematically reviewed randomized clinical trials evaluating the impact of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation on insulin resistance and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS.

A Capsaicin-Based Phytogenic Solution Improves Performance and Thermal Tolerance of Heat-Stressed Growing Pigs.

Exposure to heat stress (HS) detrimentally affects pig performance. This study explored whether a dietary phytogenic solution based on spp. (PHY) could enhance the thermal tolerance of heat-stressed growing pigs.

Emotional Impact of Graphic Health Warnings on Tobacco Packaging: Analysis of Their Content.

The use of graphic health warnings (GHWs) on tobacco packaging is one of the most widely used public health strategies worldwide, but there is little evidence of the emotional impact of its content and craving they generate. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the emotional and craving responses to GHW content. The study included 300 men and women of different ages (adolescents, young adults, and adults), both smokers and non-smokers.

Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Quantitative Systematic Review.

The prevalence and risk factors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after acute ischemic stroke HT have not been adequately delineated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify English-language prospective observational MEDLINE and EMBASE-listed reports of acute ischemic stroke with HT published from 1985-2017. Studies that used the ECASS-2 definitions of hemorrhagic transformation subtypes, hemorrhagic infarction (HI), and parenchymal hematoma (PH) were included.

Two-Step Strategy for Optimizing the Preoperative Classification of Adnexal Masses in a University Hospital, Using International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Models: Simple Rules and Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa Model.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of a two-step strategy compared with the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) - Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) model for preoperative classification of adnexal masses.

Methods: An ambispective diagnostic accuracy study based on ultrasound data collected at one university hospital between 2012 and 2018. Two ultrasonographers classified the adnexal masses using IOTA Simple Rules (first step).

Tuning the Covering on Gold Surfaces by Grafting Amino-Aryl Films Functionalized with Fe(II) Phthalocyanine: Performance on the Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction.

Current selective modification methods, coupled with functionalization through organic or inorganic molecules, are crucial for designing and constructing custom-made molecular materials that act as electroactive interfaces. A versatile method for derivatizing surfaces is through an aryl diazonium salt reduction reaction (DSRR). A prominent feature of this strategy is that it can be carried out on various materials.

'We always find things to learn from.' Lessons from the implementation of the global maternal sepsis study on research capacity: a qualitative study.

Background: Research capacity strengthening could be an indirect outcome of implementing a research project. The objective of this study was to explore the ability of the global maternal sepsis study (GLOSS), implemented in 52 countries, to develop and strengthen sexual and reproductive health research capacity of local participants in low- and middle- income participating countries.

Methods: We carried out a qualitative study employing grounded theory in sixteen countries in Africa and Latin America.

Does grazing management provide opportunities to mitigate methane emissions by ruminants in pastoral ecosystems?

Agriculture, and livestock production in particular, is criticized for being a contributor to global environmental change, including emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). Methane (CH) from grazing ruminants accounts for most of livestock's carbon footprint because a large share of them are reared under suboptimal grazing conditions, usually resulting in both low herbage intake and animal performance. Consequently, the CH quota attributed to animal maintenance is spread across few or no animal outputs, increasing the CH intensity [g CH/kg live weight (LW) gain or g CH/kg milk yield].

Potential Role of Natural Polyphenols against Protein Aggregation Toxicity: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Studies.

One of the main features of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease is the amyloidogenic behavior of disease-specific proteins including amyloid β, tau, α-synuclein, and mutant Huntingtin which participate in the formation, accumulation, and deposition of toxic misfolded aggregates. Consequently, these proteins not only associated with the progress of their respective neurodegenerative pathologies but also qualify as disease-specific biomarkers. The aim of using natural polyphenols is to target amyloid-dependent proteopathies by decreasing free radical damage and inhibiting and dissolving amyloid fibrils.

Effects of nano-enabled agricultural strategies on food quality: Current knowledge and future research needs.

It is becoming more feasible to use nano-enabled agricultural products such as nanofertilizers and nanopesticides to improve the efficiency of agrochemical delivery to crop plants. Experimental results have shown that nano-agrochemicals have great potential for reducing the environmental impact of traditional agrochemicals while simultaneously significantly increasing crop production. However, emerging data suggest that nano-enabled products are not only capable of increasing yield, but also result in alterations in crop quality.

New MRI lesions and topography at 6 months of treatment initiation and disease activity during follow up in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients.

: The objective of this study was to assess if the presence of new lesions and their topography on the reference MRI have a prognostic value regarding disease activity during the follow up in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients.: Retrospective cohort study that included patients with RRMS who had a reference MRI (performed at 6 months from the onset of a DMT) and radiological and clinical follow up for at least two years. We identified the number of new MRI lesions and their topography at reference MRI and during the follow up.

Flexible control of movement in plants.

Although plants are essentially sessile in nature, these organisms are very much in tune with their environment and are capable of a variety of movements. This may come as a surprise to many non-botanists, but not to Charles Darwin, who reported that plants do produce movements. Following Darwin's specific interest on climbing plants, this paper will focus on the attachment mechanisms by the tendrils.

Influence of the substituent on the phosphine ligand in novel rhenium(i) aldehydes. Synthesis, computational studies and first insights into the antiproliferative activity.

Cyrhetrenyl aldehyde derivatives [(η5-C5H4CHO)Re(CO)2PR3] with R = methyl (Me, 2a), phenyl (Ph, 2b), and cyclohexyl (Cy, 2c) were synthesized by a photochemical reaction from the starting material [(η5-C5H4CHO)Re(CO)3] (1) and the corresponding phosphines. The complexes were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and mass spectrometry. The molecular structures of 2a-c have also been determined.

Aquaporin-4 Serostatus and Visual Outcomes in Clinically Isolated Acute Optic Neuritis.

Background: Aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-Ab) are associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and typically this disorder has a poor visual prognosis as a result of optic neuritis (ON). Our aim was to report the clinical features at onset and final visual outcomes at 6 months of patients with ON who were positive for AQP4-Ab vs. those who were negative for AQP4-Ab.

[Women's experience with cesareans in Uruguay: the woman's right to be accompanied by a person of her choice and difficulties with enforcement].

The article aims to analyze how women are accompanied by a trusted person during cesareans, as guaranteed under Law 17,386 on "accompanying persons during labor and childbirth", enacted in Uruguay in 2001. The findings are part of a larger study on the experience and meaning of cesareans for Uruguayan women. An exploratory, descriptive qualitative methodology was used for this purpose.

New organometallic imines of rhenium(i) as potential ligands of GSK-3β: synthesis, characterization and biological studies.

Substituted amino-piperazine derivatives were synthesized and used as precursors for the preparation of a series of new organometallic Re(i) imine complexes with the general formula [(η-CHCH[double bond, length as m-dash]N-(CH)-Pz-R)Re(CO)] (Pz-R: -alkyl or aryl piperazine). The piperazine-based ligands were designed to be potential inhibitors of GSK-3β kinase. All the ligands and complexes were fully characterized and evaluated against the HT-29 and PT-45 cancer cell lines, in which GSK-3β plays a crucial role.

The impact of work-life balance on intention to stay in academia: Results from a national survey of pharmacy faculty.

Purpose: Border-Crossing theory suggests work-life balance and career satisfaction are inter-related and disappointment in work-life balance may predict changes in one's career path. Application of this theory to health profession faculty is plausible but has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study is to examine factors related to reported career change intention among United States pharmacy school faculty and to determine if Border-Crossing theory fits these observations.

Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in people with epilepsy.

Objectives: Epilepsy has been associated with cardiovascular comorbidity. This study aimed to assess the potential association between cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs), antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and etiology.

Material And Methods: A single-center retrospective epilepsy cohort from the decade of 2004-2013 was assessed.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis immune-mediated in aquaporin-4 antibody negative patients: Disease heterogeneity.

Background: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a frequent manifestation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). However, it can also occur in other immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Positive aquoporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-ab) predict higher relapse rate after LETM.

Multifunctional T Lymphocytes Generated After Therapy With an Antitumor Gallotanin-Rich Normalized Fraction Are Related to Primary Tumor Size Reduction in a Breast Cancer Model.

Natural compounds are promising sources for anticancer therapies because of their multifunctional activity and low toxicity. Although the host immune response (IR) is clearly implicated in tumor control, the relationship between natural therapies and IR has not yet been elucidated. The present work evaluates IR induction after treatment with a gallotannin-rich fraction from Caesalpinia spinosa (P2Et).

The role of rhinovirus in children hospitalized for acute respiratory disease, Santa Fe, Argentina.

Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) were historically considered upper airway pathogens. However, they have recently been proven to cause infections in the lower respiratory tract, resulting in hospitalization of children with pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and chronic pulmonary obstruction. In this report, HRV frequency and seasonality are described together with patient clinical-epidemiological aspects.

[Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of children with disease due to Bordetella pertussis in Santa Fe, Argentina].

Introduction: Pertussis, a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease, remains a public health problem.

Objective: The goal of this study is to describe epidemiological and clinical patterns of B. pertussis-caused respiratory infection over the period 2006-2010 in Santa Fe, Argentina.