Validation of "the patient evaluation of emotional care during hospitalisation" questionnaire in intensive care unit patients.

Objective: To validate the "Patient Evaluation of Emotional Care During Hospitalization" (PEECH) questionnaire, which assesses hospitalised patients' emotional experiences, in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Interventions: Prospective study. The PEECH consists of three sections and four sub-scales: "level of security", "level of knowing", "level of personal value", and "level of connection".

Antiviral specificity of the Solea senegalensis Mx protein constitutively expressed in CHSE-214 cells.

Interferons play a key role in fish resistance to viral infections by inducing the expression of antiviral proteins, such as Mx. The aim of the present study was to test the antiviral activity of the Senegalese sole Mx protein (SsMx) against RNA and DNA viruses pathogenic to fish, i.e.

c-Lysozyme from Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis): cDNA cloning and expression pattern.

Lysozymes are key molecules of innate immunity and proved high bactericidal activity in fish, thus becoming attractive as tools for enhancing fish defences. In this study, a full-length c-type lysozyme cDNA from Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) has been cloned and characterized. The cDNA sequence was inferred from two overlapping fragments obtained by RACE-PCR and consisting on 631bp coding for 143 aminoacids.

In vitro inhibition of sole aquabirnavirus by Senegalese sole Mx.

Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis, is a flat fish of growing interest in European aquaculture. In its culture viral infections are constant threats, thus understanding antiviral defences is a key factor for a successful industry. Mx proteins are IFN-induced proteins widespread in eukaryotes; however, their antiviral activity is unclear and the results variable among species.

Cloning and expression analysis of Mx cDNA from Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis).

Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) is a promising fish species of growing interest in European aquaculture. In fish farming, viral infections are a constant threat therefore, understanding fish defence mechanisms is a main priority to avoid economic losses. Mx proteins are involved in the innate antiviral response of fish.