Transitioning into trauma-focused evidence-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder from other treatments: a qualitative investigation.

Although trauma-focused evidence-based psychotherapy (TF-EBP) is recommended for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), rates of TF-EBP initiation among veterans is very low. Service delivery research has shown that other treatments are commonly provided to veterans diagnosed with PTSD, including stabilization treatments. As little is known about how veterans experience the transition to TF-EBP, we conducted a qualitative examination of veterans' perspectives on transitions in PTSD treatment.

Predicting restriction of life-space mobility: a machine learning analysis of the IMIAS study.

Background: Some studies have employed machine learning (ML) methods for mobility prediction modeling in older adults. ML methods could be a helpful tool for life-space mobility (LSM) data analysis.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of ML algorithms for the restriction of life-space mobility (LSM) among elderly people and to identify the most important risk factors for that prediction model.

Applicability of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyethersulfone (PES) as passive samplers of more hydrophobic organic compounds in intertidal estuarine environments.

The uptake calibration of three passive samplers, stir-bars, MESCO/stir-bars and polyethersulfone tubes (PES), was assessed in seawater at different salinities for 17 organic compounds including organochlorine compounds, pesticides, phthalates, musk fragrances and triclosan. The calibration procedure was accomplished by exposing the samplers to a continuous flow of fortified seawater for up to 14days under laboratory conditions. Prior to the exposure, stir-bars and MESCO/stir-bars were loaded with a known amount of deuterated PAH mixture as performance reference compounds (PRC).

Uptake calibration of polymer-based passive samplers for monitoring priority and emerging organic non-polar pollutants in WWTP effluents.

The uptake calibration of more than 12 non-polar organic contaminants by 3 polymeric materials is shown: bare polydimetilsiloxane (PDMS, stir-bars), polyethersulfone tubes and membranes (PES) and polyoxymethylene membranes (POM), both in their free form and membrane-enclosed sorptive coating (MESCO). The calibration process was carried out exposing the samplers to a continuous flow of contaminated water at 100 ng mL(-1) for up to 28 days, and, consequently, the sampling rates (Rs, mL day(-1)) of several organic microcontaminants were provided for the first time. In situ Rs values were also determined disposing the samplers in the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant.

Assessment of commercially available polymeric materials for sorptive microextraction of priority and emerging nonpolar organic pollutants in environmental water samples.

Among the different organic pollutants, persistent organic pollutants and emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) are of particular concern due to their potentially dangerous effects on the ecosystems and on human health. In the framework of the analysis of some of these organic pollutants in water samples, sorptive extraction devices have proven to be adequate for their monitoring. The efficiency of four commercially available and low-cost polymeric materials [polypropylene, poly(ethylene terephthalate), Raffia, and polyethersulfone (PES)] for the simultaneous extraction of 16 organic compounds from five different families from environmental water samples was evaluated in this work.

Total salivary nitrates and nitrites in oral health and periodontal disease.

It is well known that nitrites are increased in saliva from patients with periodontal disease. In the oral cavity, nitrites may derive partly from the reduction of nitrates by oral bacteria. Nitrates have been reported as a defence-related mechanism.

Silicone rod extraction followed by liquid desorption-large volume injection-programmable temperature vaporiser-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for trace analysis of priority organic pollutants in environmental water samples.

In this study a priority organic pollutants usually found in environmental water samples were considered to accomplish two extraction and analysis approaches. Among those compounds organochlorine compounds, pesticides, phthalates, phenols and residues of pharmaceutical and personal care products were included. The extraction and analysis steps were based on silicone rod extraction (SR) followed by liquid desorption in combination with large volume injection-programmable temperature vaporiser (LVI-PTV) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Salivary IL-1β and PGE2 as biomarkers of periodontal status, before and after periodontal treatment.

Aim: Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) are key inflammatory mediators involved in periodontitis. The purpose was to compare their salivary concentrations in relation to periodontal status and their changes after periodontal treatment, to determine their use as non-invasive diagnostic tools.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 74 subjects grouped in periodontally healthy, mild, moderate and severe periodontitis, according to clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD) served as participants.

Acute Immobilization Stress Modulate GABA Release from Rat Olfactory Bulb: Involvement of Endocannabinoids-Cannabinoids and Acute Stress Modulate GABA Release.

We studied the effects of cannabinoids and acute immobilization stress on the regulation of GABA release in the olfactory bulb. Glutamate-stimulated 3H-GABA release was measured in superfused slices. We report that cannabinoids as WIN55, 212-2, methanandamide, and 2-arachidonoylglycerol were able to inhibit glutamate- and KCl-stimulated 3H-GABA release.

Optimisation of the headspace-solid phase microextraction for organomercury and organotin compound determination in sediment and biota.

Headspace solid-phase microextraction was optimised for the simultaneous preconcentration of methylmercury (MeHg+), monobutyltin, dibutyltin, tributyltin, monophenyltin (MPhT), diphenyltin (DPhT), and triphenyltin (TPhT) from sediments and biota. Extraction time (3-24 min), extraction temperature (20-90 degrees C), desorption time (1-10.4 min), desorption temperature (152-260 degrees C), and sample volume (5-22 mL) were simultaneously optimised, while variables such as fibre type (30 microm polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS), pH (acetic acid/sodium acetate, HOAc/NaOAc, 2 mol/L, pH approximately 4.

Production of artifact methylmercury during the analysis of certified reference sediments: use of ionic exchange in the sample treatment step to minimise the problem.

Production of artifact methylmercury (MeHg(+)) during the analysis of two certified reference sediments, CRM-580 and IAEA-405, was investigated. Leaching of the analyte from the solid sample was achieved by ultrasound assisted acidic extraction. The aqueous leachate was either ethylated (NaBEt(4)) or phenylated (NaBPh(4)) using acetic/acetate or citric/citrate to buffer the solution.

Fast method for routine simultaneous analysis of methylmercury and butyltins in seafood.

A simple, fast, and accurate method for the simultaneous determination of methylmercury (MeHg(+)), monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and tributyltin (TBT) in seafood is proposed. The method makes use of relatively cheap instrumentation and allows simultaneous analysis of those four species in a routine basis. The sample is treated with methanolic potassium hydroxide in an ultrasound bath, derivatised with sodium tetraethylborate (NaBEt(4)), preconcentrated into n-hexane and analysed by gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (GC-MIP/AES).