Reply to Scarpati, G.; Piazza, O. Comment on "Guerrero-Romero et al. Magnesium-to-Calcium Ratio and Mortality from COVID-19. 2022, , 1686".

We thank Dr. Scarpati and Dr. Piazza for their interest and comments [.

Differences in mortality rate among patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 according to their body mass index.

Background: Obesity has been described as a risk factor for COVID-19 severity and mortality. Previous studies report a linear association between BMI and adverse outcomes, meanwhile in other critical illness, excessive fat tissue is related to improved survival. Whether different BMI is related with the survival of patients with severe COVID-19 deserves further analysis.

Magnesium-to-Calcium Ratio and Mortality from COVID-19.

Obesity, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, decrease in immune response, cytokine storm, endothelial dysfunction, and arrhythmias, which are frequent in COVID-19 patients, are associated with hypomagnesemia. Given that cellular influx and efflux of magnesium and calcium involve the same transporters, we aimed to evaluate the association of serum magnesium-to-calcium ratio with mortality from severe COVID-19. The clinical and laboratory data of 1064 patients, aged 60.

Real-world evidence of the use of glucocorticoids for severe COVID-19.

Introduction: Currently, only glucocorticoids have proved to impact adverse outcomes in COVID-19. However, their risk/benefit balance remains inconclusive and populations' characteristics should be considered.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the real-life use of glucocorticoids in patients with severe COVID-19 hospitalized in a third-level referral center and to determine the type, accumulated doses, and the in-hospital outcomes related with their use.

[Neurological manifestations in patients with severe COVID-19 in a tertiary care center].

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 disease, called COVID-19, emerged in China has acquired pandemic dimensions. According to the WHO situational report of March 15, 2021, the global fatality rate is 2.2%; in Mexico, around 194 944 deaths have been confirmed by COVID-19.

Quality of life evaluation in Mexican patients with severe obesity before and after bariatric surgery.

Introduction: In Mexico, neither the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) nor the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS) instruments have been used to assess quality of life (QoL) before and after bariatric surgery (BS).

Objective: To describe changes in QoL using the SF-36 and BAROS questionnaires in patients with severe obesity before and after BS.

Methods: Clinical and anthropometric data of patients undergoing bariatric surgery between 2015 and 2016 were collected.

[Adult-onset Still's disease and the neutrophil-lymphocyte index in the Mexican population. A case series report].

Background: In Mexico, adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is one of the causes of fever of unknown origin (FUO). The aim of this study is to describe a series of AOSD cases from a FUO cohort in order to know the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the cases, as well as to describe the neutrophil-lymphocyte index (NLI), which is a clinical marker of inflammation in autoimmune diseases.

Case Report: An observational study of 24 cases with AOSD; 72 % of them were women, the median age was 43 years (IQR 37.

IgG4-related disease manifesting as symptoms of appendicitis: Case report and literature review.

Immunoglobulin G subclass 4 (IgG4)-related disease is a recently described fibroinflammatory condition. Reports of appendix involvement are extremely limited. A young man with abdominal pain and symptoms of acute appendicitis accompanied by the finding of an appendix-dependent tumor during surgery is presented.

A Shift Towards an Immature Myeloid Profile in Peripheral Blood of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients.

Background: SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent causing COVID-19, has infected more than 27 million people with over 894000 deaths worldwide since its emergence in December 2019. Factors for severe diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity have been identified however, the precise pathogenesis is poorly understood. To understand its pathophysiology and to develop effective therapeutic strategies, it is essential to define the prevailing immune cellular subsets.

Utility of the STOP-Bang and Epworth scales and the neck-to-height ratio to detect severe obstructive apnea-hypopnea syndrome in severe obesity.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is present in 80% of patients evaluated for bariatric surgery (BS). Extensive evaluation is not widely available, but treatment is mandatory for severe cases. The Snore, Tiredness, Observed apneas and Pressure - Body mass index, Age, Neck circumference and Gender (STOP-Bang) and Epworth questionnaires and neck-to-height ratio (NHtR) are accessible clinical tools to screen for sleep and metabolic disturbances, but their utility to detect severe OSAHS in patients with severe obesity has not been determined.

Case Report: Rhabdomyolysis in a Patient with COVID-19: A Proposed Diagnostic-Therapeutic Algorithm.

COVID-19 represents the greatest health challenge of modern years. The spectrum of illness comprises respiratory and non-respiratory manifestations. We report the case of an adult man with COVID-19 who presented with rhabdomyolysis as a principal extrapulmonary manifestation.

Are there really any predictive factors for a successful weight loss after bariatric surgery?

Background: Currently, bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity and its metabolic complications; however, 15-35% of the patients that undergo bariatric surgery do not reach their goal for weight loss. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of patients that didn't reach the goal of an excess weight loss of 50% or more during the first 12 months and determine the factors associated to this failure.

Methods: We obtained the demographic, anthropometric and biochemical information from 130 patients with severe obesity who underwent bariatric surgery in our institution between 2012 and 2017.

Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratios with COVID-19-related mortality.

Introduction: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein (LCR) ratios are used to predict severity and mortality in various infections.

Objective: To establish the best NLR and LCR cutoff point to predict mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Mexico.

Method: Analytical cross-sectional study of patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 in a specialty hospital.

[Clinical features of patients with influenza-like illness who went to a third level center in the winter of 2013-2014].

Background: Between October 2013 and April 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported a high incidence of AH1N1 influenza cases. Not all suspicious cases of influenza are confirmed; however, all patients need treatment and generate additional costs to the institutions. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of the patients treated for influenza suspicion at Hospital de Especialidades in Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI during a new epidemic.

[Clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with morbid obesity at the time of hospital admission and one year after undergoing bariatric surgery].

Background: Three percent of Mexicans suffer from morbid obesity. Comorbidities associated to this condition diminish quality of life, increase mortality and health care costs. Despite bariatric surgery has specific indications and risks, it is the only treatment with effective long-term results.