Steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a serious issue post-stem cell transplantation, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality.
A study evaluated combination therapy with inolimomab and etanercept in 21 patients with severe aGVHD, finding a 48% overall response rate at day 28, but nearly all patients eventually died (90%) mainly due to refractory aGVHD and infections.
This treatment approach did not significantly improve the poor survival rates, with only 29% and 10% of patients surviving at 6 months and 2 years, respectively.