Use of lipid-lowering therapies in patients with chronic kidney disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: 2-year results from Getting to an imprOved Understanding of Low-Density lipoprotein cholesterol and dyslipidemia management (GOULD).

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a known risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Per the 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology cholesterol guidelines, high-risk ASCVD patients with CKD and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels   70 mg/dL should take a high-intensity statin with ezetimibe and/or a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i).

Objective/methods: We examined the changes in use of lipid lowering therapies (LLT) over two years in 3304 patients with ASCVD and CKD in the Getting to an imprOved Understanding of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Dyslipidemia Management (GOULD) observational cohort study.

Association of Blood Viscosity With Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19.

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by a dysfunctional immune response and abnormal blood rheology that contribute to endothelial dysfunction and thrombotic complications. Whole blood viscosity (WBV) is a clinically validated measure of blood rheology and an established predictor of cardiovascular risk. We hypothesize that increased WBV is associated with mortality among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Blood hyperviscosity in acute and recent COVID-19 infection.

Background: Elevated estimated blood viscosity (EBV), derived from hematocrit and globulins, is associated with thrombotic complications, organ failure, and higher mortality in COVID-19 patients. Although informative, EBV does not account for cellular interactions or fibrinogen.

Objective: Investigate whether patients with acute and recent COVID-19 have altered whole blood viscosity (WBV) when measured at both high and low shear rates using in vitro blood samples from patients.

New Therapies for Lowering Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins: JACC Focus Seminar 3/4.

Emerging evidence suggests that elevated concentrations of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants (TRLs) derived from hepatic and intestinal sources contribute to the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Natural selection studies support a causal role for elevated concentrations of remnant cholesterol and the pathways contributing to perturbations in metabolic pathways regulating TRLs with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events. New therapies targeting select catalytic pathways in TRL metabolism reduce atherosclerosis in experimental models, and concentrations of TRLs in patients with a vast range of triglyceride levels.

Genetics of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Guide Identification of Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction.

Objective: Despite aggressive reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), there is a residual risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypertriglyceridemia is known to be associated with increased CVD risk, independently of LDL-C. Triglycerides are one component of the heterogenous class of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs).

Parent Coping Support Interventions During Acute Pediatric Hospitalizations: A Meta-Analysis.

Context: Parents may experience psychological distress when a child is acutely hospitalized, which can negatively affect child outcomes. Interventions designed to support parents' coping have the potential to mitigate this distress.

Objective: To describe interventions designed to provide coping support to parents of hospitalized children and conduct a meta-analysis of coping support intervention outcomes (parent anxiety, depression, and stress).