Investigating the utility of saliva immunoglobulins for the detection of myeloma and using myeloma proteins to clarify partition between oral and systemic immunity.

Objectives: Myeloma is characterised by the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin (M-protein) and the free light chain (FLC) in blood. We investigated whether these M-proteins and FLC are detectable in myeloma patients' saliva to evaluate its utility for non-invasive screening and monitoring of haematological malignancies.

Methods: A total of 57 patients with monoclonal gammopathy and 26 age-matched healthy participants provided paired serum and saliva samples for immunoglobulin characterisation and quantification.

Free light chains as an emerging biomarker in saliva: Biological variability and comparisons with salivary IgA and steroid hormones.

Background: Salivary free light chains (FLCs) are an emerging biomarker in health and behavioural research. However, little is known regarding biological variability of salivary FLCs and how they relate to other established salivary biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the diurnal and day-to-day variation of salivary FLCs and their relationship with salivary IgA and steroid hormones.