Lysosomal Activation Mediated by Endocytosis in J774 Cell Culture Treated with N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles.

Safety and effectiveness are the cornerstone objectives of nanomedicine in developing nanotherapies. It is crucial to understand the biological interactions between nanoparticles and immune cells. This study focuses on the manufacture by the microfluidic technique of N-trimethyl chitosan/protein nanocarriers and their interaction with J774 cells to elucidate the cellular processes involved in absorption and their impact on the immune system, mainly through endocytosis, activation of lysosomes and intracellular degradation.

Antiviral activity of myricetin glycosylated compounds isolated from against chikungunya virus.

The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has produced epidemic outbreaks of significant public health impact. The clinical symptoms of this disease are fever, polyarthralgia, and skin rash, generally self-limiting, although patients may develop a chronic disabling condition or suffer lethal complications. Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment or vaccine available.

Chitosan: Properties and Its Application in Agriculture in Context of Molecular Weight.

Chitosan is a naturally occurring compound that can be obtained from deacetylated chitin, which is obtained from various sources such as fungi, crustaceans, and insects. Commercially, chitosan is produced from crustaceans. Based on the range of its molecular weight, chitosan can be classified into three different types, namely, high molecular weight chitosan (HMWC, >700 kDa), medium molecular weight chitosan (MMWC, 150-700 kDa), and low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC, less than 150 kDa).

Chitosan, Chitosan/IgG-Loaded, and N-Trimethyl Chitosan Chloride Nanoparticles as Potential Adjuvant and Carrier-Delivery Systems.

This work proposes a feasible, reproducible, and low-cost modified method to manufacture chitosan, chitosan/IgG-protein-loaded, and trimethylated chitosan nanoparticles, using microfluidics combined with the microemulsion technique, which differs from the traditional batch process of chitosan-based nanoparticles. The synthesis process consists of generating microreactors of chitosan-based polymer in a poly-dimethylsiloxane ψ-shaped microfluidic device and then crosslinking with sodium tripolyphosphate outside the cell. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates an improvement in size control and distribution of the solid-shape chitosan nanoparticles (~80 nm) compared to the batch synthesis.

Molecular Docking, ADMET Analysis and Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulation to Identify Synthetic Isoquinolines as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 M.

Background: The rapidly widespread SARS-CoV-2 infection has affected millions worldwide, thus becoming a global health emergency. Although vaccines are already available, there are still new COVID-19 cases daily worldwide, mainly due to low immunization coverage and the advent of new strains. Therefore, there is an utmost need for the discovery of lead compounds to treat COVID-19.