Management of anophthalmia, microphthalmia and coloboma in the newborn, shared care between neonatologist and ophthalmologist: a literature review.

Congenital ocular anomalies significantly contribute to global disability, with 15-20% of infant blindness attributed to these anomalies. This study examined anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and coloboma (AMC) through collaborative neonatology and ophthalmology care.The global prevalence of AMC varies: anophthalmia at 0.

Characterization of Conjunctival Microflora and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery.

This study aims to characterize the conjunctival flora of patients scheduled for cataract surgery and determine the susceptibility profile of isolated bacteria to several commonly used topical antibiotics. Conjunctival swabs were taken from 44 consecutive patients (25 males, 19 females; mean age of 75.0 ± 12.

Surgical Treatment of Strabismus in Children With Developmental Delay: A Review of the Literature and Results of Personal Experience.

Purpose: To review the current literature, to provide a foundation of knowledge on strabismus surgery in patients with developmental delay, and to present results from the authors' personal experience.

Methods: The following terms were searched on PubMed: strabismus surgery, mental delay, developmental delay, Down syndrome, Angelman syndrome, cerebral palsy, hydrocephalus, Williams syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and fetal alcohol syndrome. Surgical outcomes were analyzed and discussed; only English articles were included.

Predictors of 24-month onset of macular fibrosis in type 3 macular neovascularisation.

Aims: To explore prognostic multimarker models for progression to macular fibrosis (MF) over 24 months specific to type 3 macular neovascularisation (T3 MNV).

Methods: This retrospective, exploratory, single-centre, cohort study comprised 65 eyes of 43 Caucasian patients with treatment naive T3 MNV, all with a 24-month follow-up post anti-VEGF therapy using a strict pro-re-nata (PRN) regimen. Data on demographic features, clinical findings, frequency of intravitreal treatments and optical coherence tomography biomarkers were collected at baseline and after 12 and 24 months of follow-up.

Multimodal imaging in early onset non-neovascular pigment epithelial detachments.

Purpose: To describe multimodal imaging of two cases of bilateral non-vascularized pigment epithelial detachments (PED) in young patients with a long-term follow-up.

Methods: A complete ophthalmological examination was performed at each follow-up visit including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, slit lamp examination, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, OCT angiography.

Results: Multimodal imaging of two women presenting avascular PED, aged 43 and 57, respectively, was described.

Managing Post-Keratoplasty Astigmatism: High-Tech vs. Low-Tech Imaging Techniques for Guiding Suture Manipulation.

Astigmatism is a visually significant condition that can develop after keratoplasty. The management of post-keratoplasty astigmatism can be performed both when transplant sutures are in place and when they have been removed. Fundamental for astigmatism management is its identification and characterization in terms of type, amount, and direction.

Clinical Results of Accelerated Iontophoresis-Assisted Epithelium-on Corneal Cross-linking for Progressive Keratoconus in Children.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with progression of keratoconus after accelerated iontophoresis-assisted epithelium-on corneal cross-linking (I-ON CXL) and to assess the efficacy and safety of re-treatment using accelerated epithelium-off CXL (epi-OFF CXL).

Methods: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients (mean age: 14.6 ± 2.

Epidemiology, clinical features, and surgical outcomes of acute acquired concomitant esotropia associated with myopia.

Purpose: To analyze epidemiology, clinical features, and surgical outcomes of type III acute acquired concomitant esotropia (Bielschowsky esotropia (BE)).

Methods: The medical charts of patients diagnosed with acquired concomitant esotropia between 2013 and 2021 were reviewed. Assessed data were age, gender, age at diplopia onset, age at the diagnosis, refraction, visual acuity, neuroimaging, diplopia onset, angle of deviation, stereopsis, surgical procedure, amount of surgery, and relapse of diplopia after surgery.

Clinical Outcomes of Topical 0.1% Ciclosporin Cationic Emulsion Used on Label in Children with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.

Introduction: The purpose of this short article is to report the clinical outcomes of topical 0.1% ciclosporin cationic emulsion (CsA-CE) used on label in children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Methods: In this prospective, non-comparative, observational study children affected by active severe VKC were treated for at least 12 months with topical 0.

Risk Factors of Cystoid Macular Edema After Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cystoid macular edema after pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of pseudophakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and identify possible related risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective monocentric study was conducted within a cohort of pseudophakic patients undergoing vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment between January 2019 and December 2022. Demographic data, initial and intraoperative characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and postoperative data were analyzed.

Visual Telerehabilitation with Visually Impaired Children: From the Pandemic Emergency to a Stand-Alone Method.

In the last two years, orthoptists have counteracted patient drop-out through visual telerehabilitation. Efforts were made to transfer the in-person visual rehabilitation setting to the telematic environment in response to the worldwide crisis. Nowadays, statistical evidence on the effects of visual telerehabilitation is still scarce.

Cenegermin for the treatment of dry eye disease.

Dry eye disease (DED) is the most common ocular surface disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Due to its chronic nature, the management of DED still represents a challenge in the ophthalmic practice. Nerve growth factor (NGF), which is expressed along with its high-affinity TrkA receptor on the ocular surface complex, has been widely studied for the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy, and a novel recombinant human NGF (rhNGF) has recently received full market authorization in this setting.

Effect of Liposomal-Lactoferrin-Based Eye Drops on the Conjunctival Microflora of Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery.

Introduction: Postoperative endophthalmitis is typically caused by the patient's conjunctival bacterial flora. Povidone iodine solution (5%) is used perioperatively to obtain periocular and ocular antisepsis. However, an adjunctive prophylaxis procedure could further help control the conjunctival microbial load.

AAPOS Adult Strabismus Committee's Report on the Status of Adult Strabismus Telemedicine.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of telemedicine in the treatment of adult patients with strabismus.

Methods: A 27-question online survey was sent to ophthalmologists of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) Adult Strabismus Committee. The questionnaire focused on the frequency of telemedicine utilization, the benefits in the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of adult strabismus, and barriers of current forms of remote patient visits.

Multimodal imaging for the management of Lyme-associated uveitis: A case report from an Italian tertiary center.

Introduction: Lyme borreliosis may present with different systemic manifestations and also the ocular involvement may be difficult to diagnose because of its multifaceted presentation. Considering the growing incidence of Lyme disease in European countries, ophthalmologist should be trained to distinguish ocular borreliosis.

Case Report: Several clinical presentations have been previously described, including uveitis, unilateral or bilateral chorioretinitis, keratitis, episcleritis, papillitis and ischemic optic neuropathy, retinal vasculitis and acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE); however our case report showed a rare presentation with the presence of unilateral uveitis with vitreitis and multiple, patchy, yellowish lesions, in association with retinal vasculitis.

Ocular Surface Features in Patients with Parkinson Disease on and off Treatment: A Narrative Review.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Visual disturbance is one of the most frequent nonmotor abnormalities referred to by patients suffering from PD at early stages. Furthermore, ocular surface alterations including mainly dry eye and blink reduction represent another common finding in patients with PD.

The upcoming role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for retinal and glaucomatous diseases.

In recent years, the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) models is attracting increasing global interest in the field of ophthalmology. DL models are considered the current state-of-art among the AI technologies. In fact, DL systems have the capability to recognize, quantify and describe pathological clinical features.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis associated with abducens nerve palsy.

We present the case of a 61-year-old man who reported diplopia due to a right abducens nerve palsy. The patient complained of fever every night (37.5° C), paresthesia of the second and third hand fingers, and he showed an increased C-reactive protein, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and high eosinophilia.

Bilateral Choroidal Osteomas in an Elderly Woman: A Case Report.

Choroidal osteoma is a rare clinical entity of unknown etiology. It is a benign ossifying tumor characterized by mature bone replacing choroid. It typically affects young females, unilaterally.

Erratum: Choroidal Thickness in Multiple Sclerosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

This corrects the article on p. 334 in vol. 18, PMID: 35589321.

Blood Reflux Through a PreserFlo MicroShunt Device After Needling.

Introduction: To report a case of hyphema after a bleb needling revision in a PreserFlo MicroShunt implantation.

Case Description: An 87-year-old man suffering from bilateral open angle glaucoma was referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of unsatisfactory intraocular pressure (IOP) control in the right eye, despite the maximally tolerated medical therapy. The patient underwent PreserFlo MicroShunt implantation in his right eye.