Rational engineering of strain for stable and enhanced biosynthesis of pinene.

Monoterpene -pinene exhibits significant potential as an alternative fuel, widely recognized for its affordability and eco-friendly nature. It demonstrates multiple biological activities and has a wide range of applications. However, the limited supply of pinene extracted from plants poses a challenge in meeting the needs of the aviation industry and other sectors.

Phosphocreatine-mediated enhancement of mitochondrial function for accelerated healing of diabetic foot ulcers through the PGC-1α-NRF-1 signaling pathway.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose a significant clinical challenge due to their slow healing and high risk of complications, which severely affect patient quality of life. Central to the delayed healing observed in DFUs is mitochondrial dysfunction, a critical factor impairing cellular repair processes. Phosphocreatine (PCr), a vital molecule involved in cellular energy buffering and ATP regeneration, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate for ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction and enhancing tissue repair.

Protective effects of phosphocreatine against Doxorubicin-Induced cardiotoxicity through mitochondrial function enhancement and apoptosis suppression via AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a potent chemotherapy drug, is limited by its cardiotoxic effects, which can lead to heart damage. This study explores the cardioprotective potential of Phosphocreatine (PCr) in vitro and in vivo models, focusing on its impact on the AMPK and PGC-1α pathways, apoptosis reduction, and mitochondrial function preservation. Advanced methodologies, including high-resolution respirometry (HRR), were employed to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics, AMPK activity, and apoptotic rates in cardiomyocytes.

Phosphocreatine ameliorates hepatocellular apoptosis mediated by protecting mitochondrial damage in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibiting TLR4 and Agonizing Akt Pathway.

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (HI/R) presents significant challenges in surgical liver transplantation and hepatic ischemic shock, with few effective clinical preventive measures available. This study explores the potential protective effects and underlying mechanisms of phosphocreatine (PCr) in the context of HI/R. We established an in vitro ischemia/reperfusion model using hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and normal liver L02 cells.

Bioactive Potential of the Sulfated Exopolysaccharides From the Brown Microalga sp.: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antiapoptotic Profiles.

This study aims to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of the exopolysaccharides (EPS) extracted from the microalgae species sp., as well as to evaluate their antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-apoptotic activities. The crude extracellular polysaccharides from the halophilic diatom sp.

Cilostazol Combats Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hippocampal Injury in Rats: Role of AKT/GSK3/CREB Curbing Neuroinflammation.

Neuroinflammation is important in the pathophysiology of several degenerative brain disorders. This study looked at the potential neuroprotective benefits of cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, against LPS-induced hippocampus damage in rodents and the principal molecular involvement of AKT/GSK3/CREB signaling pathways. Behavioral tests revealed that cilostazol successfully corrected LPS-induced neurobehavioral impairments.

Sustainable biosynthesis of lycopene by using evolutionary adaptive recombinant from orange peel waste.

This study aimed to evaluate the hydrolysates from orange peel waste (OPW) as the low-cost carbon source for lycopene production. Initially, the dilute acid pretreatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis of OPW resulted in a total sugar concentration of 62.18 g/L.

Phosphocreatine attenuates doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibition of apoptosis, and restore mitochondrial function via activation of Nrf2 and PGC-1α pathways.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapy drug widely recognized for its efficacy in cancer treatment, unfortunately, has significant nephrotoxic effects leading to kidney damage. This study explores the nephroprotective potential of Phosphocreatine (PCr) in rats, specifically examining its influence on Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and PGC-1α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha) pathways, its role in apoptosis inhibition, and effectiveness in preserving mitochondrial function. The research employed in vivo experiments in rats, focusing on PCr's capacity to protect renal function against doxorubicin-induced damage.

Prevalence of Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Villitis of Unknown Etiology in the Placenta of Saudi Women and Their Association with Baby Sex.

Long-term health consequences are influenced by circumstances that occur during pregnancy. The convergence of the maternal and fetal circulations occurs in the placenta, which is the first organ to develop. Placental pathology provides an accurate diagnosis of amniotic sac inflammation, and pathological alterations in preterm placentas provide evidence for the causes of numerous perinatal pathologies, including spontaneous preterm births.

Uncovering the Therapeutic Potential of Phosphocreatine in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mitigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis via JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) stands as a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus, causing damage to the delicate retinal capillaries and potentially leading to visual impairment. While the exact underlying cause of DR remains elusive, compelling research suggests that mitochondrial energy deficiency and the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play pivotal roles in its pathogenesis. Recognizing that controlling hyperglycemia alone fails to reverse the defects in retinal mitochondria induced by diabetes, current strategies seek to restore mitochondrial function as a means of safeguarding against DR.

Early-Life Exposure to the Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 and Developmental Programming of the Ovary of the Offspring: The Possible Role of Autophagy in Fertility Recovery.

Mycotoxins are produced by more than one hundred fungi and produce secondary metabolites that contaminate various agricultural commodities, especially rice and corn. Their presence in the food chain is considered a serious problem worldwide. In recent years, a link between exposure to mycotoxins and impaired fertility has been suggested.

Involvement of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress-Mediated DNA Hypomethylation in Transgenerational Nephrotoxicity Induced in Rats by the Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced by , is one of the most common pollutants in natural foods and agricultural crops. It can cause chronic and severe health issues in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the transgenerational effects of FB1 exposure on the structure and function of the kidneys in offspring.

Bee Venom Causes Oxidative Stress, Biochemical and Histopathological Changes in the Kidney of Mice.

Accidents with venomous bees are a serious worldwide health concern. Since the kidney has been reported as the main venom-target organ, the present study was undertaken to investigate the in vivo nephrotoxic effect of Algerian bee venom (ABV) (Apis mellifera intermissa) collected in the middle east of Algeria. A preliminary study was performed on ABV to identify the ABV using SDS-PAGE analysis and to determine the in vivo intraperitoneal median lethal dose (LD50) using the Probit analysis test.

Hyperhalophilic Diatom Extract Protects against Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats and Human HepG2 and HEK293 Cells.

This work investigated the protective effects of microalga sp. extract (HExt), a nutraceutical and pharmacological natural product, on human lead-intoxicated liver and kidney cells in vitro and in vivo in Wistar rats. The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 were used for the in vitro study.

Using autophagy, apoptosis, cytoskeleton, and epigenetics markers to investigate the origin of infertility in ex-fissiparous freshwater planarian individuals (nomen nudum species) with hyperplasic ovaries.

The origin of the sterility observed in ex-fissiparous freshwater planarians with hyperplasic ovaries has yet to be explained. To improve our understanding of this enigmatic phenomenon, immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy examination were used the assess autophagy, apoptosis, cytoskeleton, and epigenetics markers in the hyperplasic ovaries of ex-fissiparous individuals and the normal ovaries of sexual individuals. Immunofluorescence positivity for the autophagic marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) was significantly lower in the hyperplasic ovary than in the normal ovary.

Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and its constituent quercetin can suppress ovarian cell functions and their response to FSH.

Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis Brum. f) can directly influence female reproduction, but whether rooibos can influence the response of ovarian cells to FSH and whether the rooibos effects are due to the presence of quercetin remain unknown. We compared the influence of rooibos extract and quercetin (both at 10 µg/ml-1) on porcine ovarian granulosa cells cultured with and without FSH (0, 1, 10 or 100 ng/ml-1).

Expression of Glucose Transporters 1 and 3 in the Placenta of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: The annual prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus-characterized by an increase in blood glucose in pregnant women-has been increasing worldwide. The goal of this study was to evaluate the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) in the placenta of women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Sixty-five placentas from women admitted to the King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed; 34 and 31 placentas were from healthy pregnant women and women with gestational diabetes, respectively.

Effects of an Endocrine Disruptor Triclosan on : Multimarker and Histological Approaches.

The aim of this work was to study the ecotoxicological effects of an endocrine disruptor triclosan on the clam . The bivalves were exposed to three concentrations of this biocide (C1 = 100 ng/L, C2 = 200 ng/L and C3 = 500 ng/L) for three and seven days. The impact was assessed at the gills and digestive glands, through activities of an antioxidant defense biomarker (Gluthatione -Transferase, GST), a damage biomarker (Malondialdehyde, MDA), and a neurotoxicity biomarker (Acetylcholinesterase, AChE).

Physiological Responses of the Bivalves and Following Exposure to Phenanthrene: Toxicokinetics, Dynamics and Biomarkers Study.

The aim of the current study was to assess the multifaceted effects of the polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene, mainly used in the colouring, explosive, and pharmaceutical industries, on the physiology of two bivalve species with economic value as seafood, namely, the Mediterranean mussel and the European clam . The current study assessed how the phenanthrene affected several biomarkers and biometric endpoints in both bivalves, based on an in vivo experiment in silico approach. The bivalves were exposed during four time slots (i.

Stereological and histopathological assessment of intrauterine growth restriction placenta from Saudi women.

Background: Placental insufficiency causes fetal adaptation, leading to fetal programming of chronic diseases. Placentas with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are smaller than average and may contribute to low birth weight of the newborn. The number of patients with IUGR in the Saudi population is increasing; however, little is known about their placentas.

In vivo evaluation and molecular docking studies of Schinus molle L. fruit extract protective effect against isoproterenol-induced infarction in rats.

The aim of the current study was to assess the potential cardiopreventive effect of the methanolic extract of S. molle L. (MESM) on isoproterenol-induced infarction in rats.

Potential protective effect of puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris, L.) against xylene toxicity on bovine ovarian cell functions.

The action of the medicinal plant Tribulus terrestris (TT) on bovine ovarian cell functions, as well as the protective potential of TT against xylene (X) action, remain unknown. The aim of the present in vitro study was to elucidate the influence of TT, X and their combination on basic bovine ovarian cell functions. For this purpose, we examined the effect of TT (at doses of 0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL), X (at 20 ?g/mL) and the combination of TT + X (at these doses) on proliferation, apoptosis and hormone release by cultured bovine ovarian granulosa cells.

Ethylbenzene exposure disrupts ovarian function in Wistar rats via altering folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis-related markers and activating autophagy and apoptosis.

Ethylbenzene is a hydrocarbon that is extensively used in both industry and in the home and has been reported as toxic to various tissues. Nevertheless, its effect on ovarian function remains unclear. For this purpose, we assessed ovarian tissue morphology, evaluated protein and gene expression related to folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis, and investigated the involvement of both apoptosis and autophagy processes in this effect.

Gestational diabetes mellitus induces placental vasculopathies.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses significant long- and short-term risks to both the developing fetus and the mother. GDM can lead to maternal complications during pregnancy and increase the mother's risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease later. The present study aimed to evaluate the maternal and fetal vasculopathies in the placenta of Saudi women with GDM.

Long-Term but Not Short-Term Maternal Fasting Reduces Nephron Number and Alters the Glomerular Filtration Barrier in Rat Offspring.

The present study examined the effects of maternal Ramadan-type fasting during selected days in the first, second, or third trimester, or during the entire pregnancy, on the kidney structure of male rat offspring. Pregnant rats were provided with food ad libitum during pregnancy (control group, C), or they were exposed to 16 h of fasting/day for three consecutive days in the middle of the first (FT1), second (FT2), or third trimester (FT3), or during whole pregnancy (FWP). Our results showed that dams in the FWP group demonstrated lower food intake and body weight during gestation.