Repair of maxillary cystic bone defects with mesenchymal stem cells seeded on a cross-linked serum scaffold.

Unlabelled: Tissue engineering combining cross-linked serum scaffolds with bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells has displayed excellent results for repair of maxillofacial bone defects in animal models, but it had not been tested in humans yet. We present here a pilot clinical trial using autologous bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (H-MSV) grown in a serum cross-linked scaffold (BioMax) for treatment of maxillary cysts in 9 patients. Cells obtained from alveolar bone were seeded in the BioMax scaffold prepared from autologous serum, expanded under GMP conditions, and subjected to osteogenic differentiation for 3-4 weeks before application.