The onset of grapevine berry ripening is characterized by ROS accumulation and lipoxygenase-mediated membrane peroxidation in the skin.

Background: The ripening of fleshy fruits is a complex developmental program characterized by extensive transcriptomic and metabolic remodeling in the pericarp tissues (pulp and skin) making unripe green fruits soft, tasteful and colored. The onset of ripening is regulated by a plethora of endogenous signals tuned to external stimuli. In grapevine and tomato, which are classified as non-climacteric and climacteric species respectively, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and extensive modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes at the onset of ripening has been reported, suggesting that ROS could participate to the regulatory network of fruit development.

Proteomic analysis of the compatible interaction between Vitis vinifera and Plasmopara viticola.

We analyzed the proteome of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) leaves 24, 48 and 96 h post infection (hpi) with the downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Total proteins were separated on 2-DE gels. By MS analysis, we identified 82 unique grapevine proteins differentially expressed after infection.

Female urinary proteomics: New insight into exogenous and physiological hormone-dependent changes.

Purpose: In the frame of a research study on possible urinary markers related to physiological hormones cycle, 33 volunteer, healthy, normotensive fertile women were selected. Clinical parameters and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) components were also investigated, on the basis of the well-known relation linking sex female hormones and renin and aldosterone levels.

Experimental Design: A classic proteomic approach was applied to investigate urinary protein changes at different stages of menstrual cycle, specifically mid-cycle phase (G1), luteal phase (G2) and after 2 months of contraceptive therapy (G3).

Proteomic analysis of cellular response to novel proapoptotic agents related to atypical retinoids in human IGROV-1 ovarian carcinoma cells.

Novel agents characterized by the scaffold of the atypical retinoid ST1926, but containing different chemical functions (carboxylic or hydroxamic acid), exhibit potent proapoptotic activity. In the present paper, we show that the treatment of the IGROV-1 ovarian cancer cell line with compounds sharing structural features with ST1926 (ST1898, ST3595, ST3056) determines a strong inhibition of proliferation mainly due to apoptotic cell death. In an effort to understand the mechanism of action of these compounds, we performed a proteomics analysis of IGROV-1 total lysates and nuclear extracts.

2D immunomic approach for the study of IgG autoantibodies in the experimental model of multiple sclerosis.

2D-immunomics may be useful in the identification of autoantigens in neurological autoimmune diseases, but its application may be limited by denaturation of target proteins. Here we compared the capacity of a single or multiple antigens to elicit autoantibodies targeting multiple neural autoantigens by ELISA and 2D-immunomics. We induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) with MBP peptide(89-104), total MBP or spinal cord homogenate.

Proteomic analysis of dopamine and α-synuclein interplay in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis.

Altered dopamine homeostasis is an accepted mechanism in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. α-Synuclein overexpression and impaired disposal contribute to this mechanism. However, biochemical alterations associated with the interplay of cytosolic dopamine and increased α-synuclein are still unclear.

Proteomic analysis of Oenococcus oeni freeze-dried culture to assess the importance of cell acclimation to conduct malolactic fermentation in wine.

Cultures of Oenococcus oeni, the most important malolactic bacterium, are used to induce malolactic fermentation in wine. Survival assays in two different wines confirmed that cells acclimated for 24 h in half-strength wine-like medium (acclimation medium) enhanced the malolactic performances. To investigate the effect of the pre-incubation phase on cell physiology, a proteomic study was carried out.

Effect of tannic acid on Lactobacillus plantarum wine strain during starvation: A proteomic study.

The molecular mechanisms involved in tannic-acid (TA)-mediated cell growth retardation and viability prolongation of Lactobacillus plantarum VP08 strain were evaluated by a proteomic analysis of starved cells grown in the presence of TA or glucose as carbon source. The tannase activity and the cell growth retardation as well as viability prolongation were confirmed by enzymatic assay and growing tests, respectively. In order to gain information about the effect triggered at the molecular level by TA, total proteins (extracted from starved cells grown in 250 mg/L TA, or 2 g/L glucose) were analyzed by a 2D-PAGE/MS approach to detect differentially expressed proteins.

Signal transduction pathways of mantle cell lymphoma: a phosphoproteome-based study.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable hematologic malignancy whose pathogenesis is only partly understood. The aim of the present study was to define a "core phosphoproteome" in MCL cell lines that is representative of primary MCL in order to improve knowledge of the signal transduction pathways involved in its tumorigenesis. We have analyzed phosphorylated proteins in several MCL cell lines by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and separation by 2-D PAGE, followed by RP-HPLC coupled with MS/MS identification.

A proteomic approach for evaluating the cell response to a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor in colon cancer cells.

Epigenetic inactivation of gene expression is a general phenomenon associated with malignant transformation. Recently, we have found that a novel series of histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors exhibit a broad-spectrum inhibition profile characterized by a marked effect on acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins. RC307, a representative compound of this series, caused a growth-inhibitory effect in colon carcinoma cells HCT116 associated with G2 accumulation and induction of apoptosis.

Application of partial least squares discriminant analysis and variable selection procedures: a 2D-PAGE proteomic study.

2D gel electrophoresis is a tool for measuring protein regulation, involving image analysis by dedicated software (PDQuest, Melanie, etc.). Here, partial least squares discriminant analysis was applied to improve the results obtained by classic image analysis and to identify the significant spots responsible for the differences between two datasets.

Proteomic analysis of rat hippocampus and frontal cortex after chronic treatment with fluoxetine or putative novel antidepressants: CRF1 and NK1 receptor antagonists.

Chronic administration of antidepressants is required for their efficacy, suggesting the involvement of long-term modifications. As the impact of antidepressant treatment on the brain molecular machinery is not completely understood, we performed a proteomic analysis of rat hippocampus and frontal cortex after chronic treatment with fluoxetine, with an NK1 receptor antagonist, GR205171, and a CRF receptor 1 antagonist, DMP696. After 2D electrophoresis, protein expression levels were compared with both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses and identified by mass spectrometry.

Searching for markers of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in cerebrospinal fluid by two-dimensional mapping.

Differential proteomic analysis has been performed on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of six healthy and six patients suffering form sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), age- and sex-matched, after immuno-subtraction of albumin and immunoglobulins. These maps have revealed 28 polypeptide chains differentially modulated in the sCJD samples, of which 10 appeared to be up-regulated, the remaining 18 being down-regulated. Among those, 13 could be identified upon digestion and MALDI-TOF, MS analysis.

Proteomic analysis of pancreatic ductal carcinoma cells after combined treatment with gemcitabine and trichostatin A.

The human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line T3M4 has been treated with two agents, gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine, a drug interfering with DNA synthesis) and trichostatin A (a drug interfering with histone acetylation), both separately and in association. The association of the two drugs showed a marked cooperative effect in inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of the cells. In an effort to identify differentially expressed proteins in the different drug treatments, the proteomic expression has been studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis comparing untreated cells with cells treated with trichostatin A and/or gemcitabine.