Is adductor pollicis skinfold an accurate tool when checking local muscle improvement in malnourished patients with anorexia nervosa?

Objectives: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex disease that involves malnutrition and a profound depletion in muscle mass. The thickness of the adductor pollicis muscle (APM) has been proposed as a new anthropometric technique to estimate muscle mass, check early changes, and assess its evaluation. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and validity of the APM thickness in a cohort of malnourished patients with AN when checking local mass gain.

[Consensus document about the nutritional evaluation and management of eating disorders: bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and others].

Bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder are unique nosological entities. Both show a large variability related to its presentation and severity which involves different therapeutic approaches and the need to individualize the treatment, thus it is indispensable a multidisciplinary approach. Patients with bulimia nervosa may suffer from malnutrition and deficiency states or even excess weight, while in binge eating disorders, it is common overweight or obesity, which determine other comorbidities.

[Consensus document about the nutritional evaluation and management of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa].

Anorexia nervosa is the most common psychiatric disease among young women and it is assumed to be of multifactorial origin. Diagnostic criteria have recently been modified; therefore amenorrhea has ceased to be a part of them. This disease shows a large variability in its presentation and severity which conditions different therapeutic approaches and the need to individualize the treatment, thus it is indispensable a multidisciplinary approach.

[Consensus document about the nutritional evaluation and management of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and others].

Eating disorders (ED) are characterized by persistent changes in eating habits that negatively affect a person's health and psychosocial abilities. They are considered psychiatric disorders, highly variable in their presentation and severity, with a huge impact on nutrition, which conditions various therapeutic approaches within a key multidisciplinary context. A group of experts in nutrition, we decided to set up a task force adscribed to the "Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral" (SENPE), which has stated as one of its goals the development of a consensus document to generate a protocol based on the best scientific evidence and professional experience available in order to improve health care in this field.

[Not Available].

Background And Aim: The prevalence of hospital malnutrition (HM) is variable, explained by the variability of patients, the nutritional evaluation method used among others. The aim is to determine the frequency of malnutrition in hospitals in Latin America, and estimate its association with mortality and length of hospital stay.

Methods: This is an analytical, observational cohort study that included 7,973 patients of both genders, 18 and older, who provided their consent.

[Not Available].

El síndrome de caquexia cancerosa es responsable de la muerte de un número significativo de pacientes con cáncer. Se caracteriza por la presencia de una ingesta reducida, con inflamación sistémica y un metabolismo alterado. Los enfermos presentan característicamente una progresiva pérdida de peso y de masa muscular, junto a deterioro funcional.

[PROPOSAL FOR A NEW FORMULA FOR ESTIMATING RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE FOR HEALTHY SPANISH POPULATION].

Introduction: although there are precise and accurate techniques for estimating resting energy expenditure, like the indirect calorimetry (IC), daily practice needs faster, easier and cheaper methods as the predictive equations.

Objective: the aim of the study was to develop a new predictive equation for estimating resting energy expenditure (REE) for healthy Spanish population. Méthods: the REE of 95 healthy normal weighted volunteers was determined by indirect calorimetry (IC).

[AGREEMENT BETWEEN INDIRECT CALORIMETRY AND PREDICTIVE EQUATIONS IN A SAMPLE OF SPANISH HEALTHY ADULTS].

Objective: the aim of this study was to analyze the agreement between the resting energy expenditure (REE) obtained by indirect calorimetry (IC) and that obtained by prediction equations in a sample of healthy adults from Spain. Méthods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 95 healthy, normal-weight adults. REE was determined by IC and 45 population-specific prediction equations which were based on weight, height, sex and/or body composition (BC).

Body mass index and waist circumference are not good surrogate indicators of adiposity in psychogeriatric patients.

Objective: to assess the utility of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) as surrogate indicators of adiposity with respect to the total body fat estimated with bioimpedance analysis in psychogeriatric patients.

Methods: Anthropometric and hand-to-foot bioimpedance measurements were performed according to standard procedures in a sample of 128 psychogeriatric patients (87 males, 41 females). WC cutoffs proposed by the International Diabetes Federation were used to define abdominal obesity.

Transient hyperthyroidism after total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer.

Introduction: Thyroid damage is a complication of total laryngectomy (TL) and may be caused by manipulation of the gland. There are isolated descriptions in the literature related to transient hyperthyroidism (HT) post-head and neck surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HT after TL and to evaluate its relationship with the surgical procedure.

[Associated metabolic and nutritional side effects to biological cancer therapy].

Introduction: The different types of cancer represent one of the main causes of morbimortality worldwide. Classical anti-tumor therapy (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) has notably increased the survival rate. Biological therapies, with selective and frequently specific mechanisms of action, are a relatively recent acquisition in oncologic therapy; among the most commonly used ones are: cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors.

[Effect of refeeding on the body composition of females with restrictive anorexia nervosa; anthropometry versus bioelectrical impedance].

Objective: To assess the body composition in a group of malnourished patients with anorexia nervosa as compared to healthy controls, before and after nutritional support, by means of anthropometry and bioimpedance.

Methods: Prospective observational study. Complete anthropometry was performed as well as bioimpedance analysis in 12 women (24.

Effect of nutritional support on mitochondrial complex I activity in malnourished patients with anorexia nervosa.

Previous studies have shown a reduction in lymphocyte mitochondrial complex I activity (CIA) in malnourished patients, which is restored after refeeding. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of CIA as an indicator of nutritional status in anorexia nervosa patients. Twelve malnourished anorexia nervosa females (mean age, 24.

[Changes in body composition in relation to the stage of dementia in a group of institutionalized elderly].

Objective: To assess the nutritional status of a group of institutionalized elderly with dementia by analysing the changes in the body composition according to their evolutionary state.

Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out assessing the nutritional status and the body composition (anthropometry, MNA and bioimpedance) in 63 institutionalized elderly with a diagnosis of dementia in evolutionary stages 5, 6 and 7 of the GDS (Global Deterioration Scale) scales and the FAST (Functional Assessment Stating) scale. The fat mass index (FMI) and the fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated.

Recent insights on chronic heart failure, cachexia and nutrition.

Purpose Of Review: To provide recent observations on the interrelation between chronic heart failure (CHF), cachexia and human nutrition and updating epidemiological issues in CHF.

Recent Findings: Present evidence suggests that impairment in cardiac muscle energetics plays an important role in the pathogenesis of heart failure. New concepts such as microRNA expression are emerging as potential agents in heart failure.

Is an integral nutritional approach to eating disorders feasible in primary care?

Patients with eating disorders (ED) show alterations in both their behaviour and their intake of food, frequently presenting nutritional and somatic affectations. Besides the classical forms such as anorexia or bulimia nervosa, there has recently been an increase in atypical or incomplete forms of ED, such as binge eating. Primary care (PC) services form the central and closest nucleus of health care for the individual and the family, where ED occur and leave their mark.