Impact of pharmacist-led interventions in identifying and resolving drug related problems and potentially inappropriate prescriptions among rural patients: A pilot study.

Background: Drug-related problems are a major problem that can lead to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs due to heightened medical visits, hospital readmissions, or emergency room visits. In rural areas, new tools for clinical pharmacy services, such as medication review, could decrease this problem.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of clinically relevant drug-related problems (DRPs) and potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs) identified by new medication review software (Revisem®) in rural pharmacies.

[New tools for medication review: DRP in patients treatment with proton pump inhibitors].

Objective: To analyze, using the medication review program, Revisem®, the prevalence of drug-related problems (DRP) in patients in the province of Valencia who were on active treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) in 2022.

Design: Descriptive and retrospective observational study.

Material And Methods: The pharmacotherapeutic history of 295 patients was analyzed following the criteria proposed by the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe, using the Revisem® digital platform of the Muy Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Farmacéuticos (MICOF).

Macrophages Modulate Hepatic Injury Involving NLRP3 Inflammasome: The Example of Efavirenz.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) constitutes a clinical challenge due to the incomplete characterization of the mechanisms involved and potential risk factors. Efavirenz, an anti-HIV drug, induces deleterious actions in hepatocytes that could underlie induction of the NLRP3 inflammasome, an important regulator of inflammatory responses during liver injury. We assessed the potential of efavirenz to modulate the inflammatory and fibrogenic responses of major liver cell types involved in DILI.

Rilpivirine attenuates liver fibrosis through selective STAT1-mediated apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells.

Objective: Liver fibrosis constitutes a major health problem worldwide due to its rapidly increasing prevalence and the lack of specific and effective treatments. Growing evidence suggests that signalling through cytokine-activated Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways regulates liver fibrosis and regeneration. Rilpivirine (RPV) is a widely used anti-HIV drug not reported to produce hepatotoxicity.

Shikonin Prevents Early Phase Inflammation Associated with Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colon Cancer and Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells.

Shikonin is the main active principle in the root of , widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. Recent research highlights shikonin's antitumor properties and capacity to prevent acute ulcerative colitis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of shikonin to prevent, , the early phases of colorectal cancer development, with special focus on its cytotoxic mechanism .

Role of p62/SQSTM1 beyond autophagy: a lesson learned from drug-induced toxicity in vitro.

Background And Purpose: SQSTM1/p62 is a multifunctional, stress-induced, scaffold protein involved in multiple cellular processes including autophagic clearance, regulation of inflammatory responses and redox homeostasis. Its altered function has been associated with different human pathologies, such as neurodegenerative, metabolic and bone diseases (down-regulation), and cancerogenesis (up-regulation). However, its role in the off-target effects of clinically used drugs is still not understood.

Lon protease: a novel mitochondrial matrix protein in the interconnection between drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Background And Purpose: Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) are specific endoplasmic reticulum (ER) domains that enable it to interact directly with mitochondria and mediate metabolic flow and Ca transfer. A growing list of proteins have been identified as MAMs components, but how they are recruited and function during complex cell stress situations is still not understood, while the participation of mitochondrial matrix proteins is largely unrecognized.

Experimental Approach: This work compares mitochondrial/ER contact during combined ER stress/mitochondrial dysfunction using a model of human hepatoma cells (Hep3B cell line) treated for 24 h with classic pharmacological inducers of ER stress (thapsigargin), mitochondrial dysfunction (carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone or rotenone) or both (the antiretroviral drug efavirenz used at clinically relevant concentrations).

The purine analogues abacavir and didanosine increase acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by enhancing mitochondrial dysfunction.

Background: NRTIs are essential components of HIV therapy with well-documented, long-term mitochondrial toxicity in hepatic cells, but whose acute effects on mitochondria are unclear. As acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity also involves mitochondrial interference, we hypothesized that it would be exacerbated in the context of ART.

Methods: We evaluated the acute effects of clinically relevant concentrations of the most widely used NRTIs, alone or combined with acetaminophen, on mitochondrial function and cellular viability.