Seasonal and circadian rhythms of clerodane diterpenes and glycosylated flavonoids in two varieties of Sw. (Salicaceae).

Sw. (Salicaceae) is noted for its morphological and chemical plasticity and pharmacological properties. The present study investigates two of its varieties: var.

fractions decrease planktonic cells and biofilms of and .

Extracts of species have been shown to reduce biofilms, demonstrating their antimicrobial effects. The extracts can be fractionated to optimize their potential. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of fractions against planktonic cells and biofilms of and .

Effect of Extracts, Fractions, and Isolated Molecules of to Control Cariogenic Biofilm.

The effects of extracts, fractions, and molecules of to control the cariogenic biofilm of were evaluated. First, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm (initial and pre-formed biofilms) in prolonged exposure (24 h) models were investigated. Second, formulations (with and without fluoride) were assessed for topical effects (brief exposure) on biofilms.

In Vitro Evaluation of Photodynamic Activity of Plant Extracts from Species against Microorganisms of Medical and Dental Interest.

Background: Bacterial resistance requires new treatments for infections. In this context, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an effective and promising option. Objectives: Three plant extracts (Senna splendida, Senna alata, and Senna macranthera) were evaluated as photosensitizers for aPDT.

Methyl jasmonate induces selaginellin accumulation in Selaginella convoluta.

Introduction: Selaginellins are specialized metabolites and chemotaxonomic markers for Selaginella species. Despite the growing interest in these compounds as a result of their bioactivities, they are accumulated at low levels in the plant. Hence, their isolation and chemical characterization are often difficult, time consuming, and limiting for biological tests.

Non-target molecular network and putative genes of flavonoid biosynthesis in Willd., a Brazilian semiarid native woody plant.

is a Brazilian native tree of the Caatinga (a unique semiarid biome). It is widely used in traditional medicine showing anti-inflammatory and central nervous system modulating activities. The species is a rich source of specialized metabolites, mostly alkaloids and flavonoids.

In vivo antifungal activity and biocompatibility of Cryptocarya moschata.

The objective of this study was evaluate, in vivo model, the antifungal activity of Cryptocarya moschata extract against Candida albicans and its biocompatibility. The animals (N = 50) were divided into groups (n = 5): CI/CG: candidiasis was induced and treated with C. moschata extract (0.

Willd. alkaloids: Piecing biosynthesis together from transcriptome analysis and metabolite profiling of seeds and leaves.

Introduction: Natural products of pharmaceutical interest often do not reach the drug market due to the associated low yields and difficult extraction. Knowledge of biosynthetic pathways is a key element in the development of biotechnological strategies for plant specialized metabolite production. species are mainly used as central nervous system depressants in folk medicine and are important sources of bioactive tetracyclic benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), which can act on several pathology-related biological targets.

Antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility of extracts from Cryptocarya species.

This study evaluated the efficacy of Cryptocarya spp extracts on biofilm of Candida albicans and its biocompatibility. Mature biofilm of C. albicans was formed on denture base acrylic resin samples and the fungicidal effect of the extracts was evaluated by Alamar Blue® assay, counting colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

Chemical composition, in vitro cytotoxic and anticholinesterase activities of flower extracts of var. and .

In this study, we investigated the phenolic and antioxidant content, cytotoxic, and anticholinesterase activities of flower extracts of var. excelsa and . The antioxidant activities performed by the DPPH and ABTS methods showed that the extracts possess good antioxidant activity, with emphasis on the extract, which obtained results very similar to the rutin pattern.

Infraspecific Chemical Variability and Biological Activity of Casearia sylvestris from Different Brazilian Biomes.

is an outstanding representative of the genus. This representability comes from its distinctive chemical profile and pharmacological properties. This species is widespread from North to South America, occurring in all Brazilian biomes.

Molecular Networking Discloses the Chemical Diversity of Flavonoids and Selaginellins in Selaginella convoluta.

is a desiccation tolerant plant native to the Brazilian semiarid region (Caatinga), endowed with an effective drought resistance mechanism. As part of our research efforts to understand the chemical diversity of dehydrated (harvested in their natural habitat in the dry season) and hydrated (plant acclimated in a laboratory after rehydration) specimens were analyzed by HR-LC-ESI-MS/MS followed by a structural annotation on the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking Web platform. The molecular networking approach allowed for putative annotation of 39 metabolites, mainly selaginellins and flavonoids.

Can Statistical Evaluation Tools for Chromatographic Method Development Assist in the Natural Products Workflow? A Case Study on Selected Species of the Plant Family Malpighiaceae.

Proper chromatographic methods may reduce the challenges inherent in analyzing natural product extracts, especially when utilizing hyphenated detection techniques involving mass spectrometry. As there are many variations one can introduce during chromatographic method development, this can become a daunting and time-consuming task. To reduce the number of runs and time needed, the use of instrumental automatization and commercial software to apply Quality by Design and statistical analysis automatically can be a valuable approach to investigate complex matrices.

Erythroxylum pungens Tropane Alkaloids: GC-MS Analysis and the Bioactive Potential of 3-(2-methylbutyryloxy)tropan-6,7-diol in Zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Tropane alkaloids are specialized plant metabolites mostly found in the Erythroxylaceae and Solanaceae families. Although tropane alkaloids have a high degree of structural similarity because of the tropane ring, their pharmacological actions are quite distinct. Brazil is one of the main hotspots of spp.

Fragmentation study of clerodane diterpenes from Casearia species by tandem mass spectrometry (quadrupole time-of-flight and ion trap).

Rationale: Clerodane-type diterpenes from Casearia species show important pharmacological activites such as antitumor, antimicrobial and anti-inflamatory. There are several mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods for identification of diterpenes; however, there is still a lack of MS procedures capable of providing characteristic fragmentation pathways for a rapid and unambiguous elucidation of casearin-like compounds.

Methods: Casearin-like compounds were investigated by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS).

Prosopis juliflora as a new cosmetic ingredient: Development and clinical evaluation of a bioactive moisturizing and anti-aging innovative solid core.

Prosopis juliflora is an invasive plant distributed throughout the world and presents metabolites of interest for cosmetology. The aim of this work was to develop a new polysaccharide-based ingredient from P. juliflora and analyze its application in a solid core formulation that upon contact with water instantly forms a gel to improve moisturizing and anti-aging skin properties.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of Casearia sylvestris extracts from distinct Brazilian biomes against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.

Background: Dental caries is a biofilm-diet-dependent worldwide public health problem, and approaches against microorganisms in cariogenic biofilms are necessary.

Methods: The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of 12 Casearia sylvestris extracts (0.50 mg/mL) from different Brazilian biomes (Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Caatinga, Pampa, and Pantanal) and varieties (sylvestris, lingua, and intermediate) were tested against two species found in cariogenic biofilms (Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans).

Natural deep eutectic solvents and aqueous solutions as an alternative extraction media for propolis.

Ethanolic extracts of propolis are consumed for their health benefits even though direct consumption of alcoholic extracts is not always ideal. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) can potentially extract similar compounds as alcoholic extracts while being better for direct consumption. Therefore, in this work alternative solvents for the extraction of green propolis including its biomarker artepillin C were examined.

Toxicological findings about an anticancer fraction with casearins described by traditional and alternative techniques as support to the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Extracts, essential oils and molecules from Casearia sylvestris have popularly shown pharmacological actions against chronic diseases, as anxiety, inflammation, cancer and dyslipidemia. In the context of antitumoral therapy, we investigated in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo toxicological changes induced by a Fraction with Casearins (FC) and its component Casearin X isolated from C. sylvestris on animal and vegetal cells, and upon invertebrates and mammals.

Using natural deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of metabolites in Byrsonima intermedia leaves.

Natural deep eutectic solvents have been used as an alternative to organic solvents for the extraction of plants metabolites, allowing for the extraction of compounds of different polarities, while being inexpensive, non-toxic, and easy to prepare. This work presents the comparison of the chromatographic profiles by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection obtained from Byrsonima intermedia (Malpighiaceae) using five choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents, in addition to the most used traditional extraction solvents, methanol/water 7:3 and ethanol/water 7:3 v/v. A reference extract was used to tentatively identify compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Characterization of Casearin X Metabolism by Rat and Human Liver Microsomes.

Casearin X (CAS X) is the major clerodane diterpene isolated from the leaves of and has been extensively studied due to its powerful cytotoxic activity at low concentrations. Promising results for antitumor action have also been described when CAS X was administered intraperitoneally in mice. Conversely, loss of activity was observed when orally administered.

Flavones-bound in benzodiazepine site on GABA receptor: Concomitant anxiolytic-like and cognitive-enhancing effects produced by Isovitexin and 6-C-glycoside-Diosmetin.

Increasing evidence suggests that flavones can modulate memory and anxiety-like behaviour. However, these therapeutic effects are inconsistent and induce of adverse effects, which have been associated with interactions at the Benzodiazepine (BZ)-binding site. To improve our understanding of flavone effects on memory and anxiety, we employed a plus-maze discriminative avoidance task.

Natural deep eutectic solvents as the major mobile phase components in high-performance liquid chromatography-searching for alternatives to organic solvents.

Over the past six decades, acetonitrile (ACN) has been the most employed organic modifier in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), followed by methanol (MeOH). However, from the growing environmental awareness that leads to the emergence of "green analytical chemistry," new research has emerged that includes finding replacements to problematic ACN because of its low sustainability. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) can be produced from an almost infinite possible combinations of compounds, while being a "greener" alternative to organic solvents in HPLC, especially those prepared from natural compounds called natural DES (NADES).

Dereplication by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and Screening for Biological Activities of Byrsonima Species (Malpighiaceae).

Introduction: Byrsonima species have been used in the treatment of gastrointestinal and gynecological inflammations, skin infections and snakebites. Based on their biological activities, it is important to study other organisms from this genus and to identify their metabolites.

Objectives: To determine the metabolic fingerprinting of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of four Byrsonima species (B.