Both glycaemic control and insulin dose during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes are associated with neonatal anthropometric measures and placental weight.

Background: To investigate longitudinal associations of maternal glucose/HbA and insulin dose with birthweight-related outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We performed a cohort study including 473 pregnant women with type 1 diabetes with singleton pregnancies. We investigated maternal self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG, mmol/L), HbA (%, mmol/mol) and insulin dose (IU/kg/day) in the three trimesters as potential independent variables, while adjusting for potential confounders.

Cholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol promote thyroid carcinoma aggressiveness.

Cholesterol mediates its proliferative and metastatic effects via the metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC), at least in breast and endometrial cancer. We determined the serum lipoprotein profile, intratumoral cholesterol and 27-HC levels in a cohort of patients with well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC; low/intermediate and high risk), advanced thyroid cancers (poorly differentiated, PDTC and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, ATC) and benign thyroid tumors, as well as the expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. We investigated the gene expression profile, cellular proliferation, and migration in Nthy-ori 3.

Web Support for Weight-Loss Interventions: PREDIRCAM2 Clinical Trial Baseline Characteristics and Preliminary Results.

An ongoing clinical trial is testing the efficacy of web telematic support in a structured program for obesity treatment and diabetes prevention. Participants were recruited from two tertiary-care hospitals and randomized to receive either a telematic intervention (TI) supported by PREDIRCAM2 web platform or a non-telematic intervention (NTI). All receive 1-year follow-up.

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults in North Indian Region: Assessment of β-Cell Function, Metabolic and Immunological Features.

Background: We undertook a study to assess β-cell function, metabolic and immunological features of patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and investigate heterogeneity within LADA based on low and high glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) titers.

Methods: A total of 139 patients with adult-onset diabetes were examined cross-sectionally in the National capital region of Northern India. Medical history of all subjects was reviewed with the aim of collecting clinical data.

Continuous glucose monitoring in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (CONCEPTT): a multicentre international randomised controlled trial.

Background: Pregnant women with type 1 diabetes are a high-risk population who are recommended to strive for optimal glucose control, but neonatal outcomes attributed to maternal hyperglycaemia remain suboptimal. Our aim was to examine the effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on maternal glucose control and obstetric and neonatal health outcomes.

Methods: In this multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial, we recruited women aged 18-40 years with type 1 diabetes for a minimum of 12 months who were receiving intensive insulin therapy.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in Asian and European populations.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder caused by relative or absolute insulin deficiency and characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia. It is expected that by year 2025, 80% of all type 2 diabetic patients will be living in developing or low- and middle-income countries. Among Asians, there has been an overall increase in abdominal obesity; however, the risk of diabetes in these populations starts at much lower body mass index as compared to Caucasians.

Sex ratio at birth is associated with type 1 diabetes characteristics.

Aims: To assess the association between maternal diabetes characteristics and sex ratio at birth (SRB) in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We performed a case-control study. The study subjects were infants born alive to women with type 1 diabetes and singleton pregnancies.

CONCEPTT: Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Women with Type 1 Diabetes in Pregnancy Trial: A multi-center, multi-national, randomized controlled trial - Study protocol.

Background: Women with type 1 diabetes strive for optimal glycemic control before and during pregnancy to avoid adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. For most women, optimal glycemic control is challenging to achieve and maintain. The aim of this study is to determine whether the use of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) will improve glycemic control in women with type 1 diabetes who are pregnant or planning pregnancy.

The proteomic 2D-DIGE approach reveals the protein voltage-dependent anion channel 2 as a potential therapeutic target in epithelial thyroid tumours.

We investigated the role of VDAC2 in human epithelial thyroid tumours using proteomic 2D-DIGE analysis and qRT-PCR. We found a significant up-regulation of VDAC2 in thyroid tumours and in thyroid tumour cell lines (TPC-1 and CAL-62). We did not detect overexpression of VDAC2 in a normal thyroid cell line (Nthy-ori 3-1).

Insulin secretion in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA): half way between type 1 and type 2 diabetes: action LADA 9.

Background: The study of endogenous insulin secretion may provide relevant insight into the comparison of the natural history of adult onset latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to compare the results of the C-peptide response to mixed-meal stimulation in LADA patients with different disease durations and subjects with type 2 and adult-onset type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Stimulated C-peptide secretion was assessed using the mixed-meal tolerance test in patients with LADA (n = 32), type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 33) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 30).

Hypovitaminosis D in type 2 diabetes: relation with features of the metabolic syndrome and glycemic control.

Aim: To assess the association of hypovitaminosis D with clinical and biochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients and to determine the effect of glycemic control optimization on 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 63 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 60 ± 9.8 years, 69.

[Hypovitaminosis D and metabolic syndrome].

Metabolic syndrome and hypovitaminosis D are 2 diseases with high prevalence that share several risk factors, while epidemiological evidence shows they are associated. Although the mechanisms involved in this association are not well established, hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance, decreased insulin secretion and activation of the renin-angiotensin system, mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. However, the apparent ineffectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic syndrome components, as well as the limited information about the effect of improving metabolic syndrome components on vitamin D concentrations, does not clarify the direction and the mechanisms involved in the causal relationship between these 2 pathologies.

Inflammatory biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients: effect of glycemic control and impact of LDL subfraction phenotype.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is associated with higher cardiovascular risk partly related to an increase in inflammatory parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the association of inflammatory biomarkers with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfraction phenotype and glycemic control in subjects with T2D and poor glycemic control.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed comparing 122 subjects with T2D (59 ± 11 years old, body mass index 30.

Vitamin D concentrations in familial combined hyperlipidemia: effects of lipid lowering treatment.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to several cardiovascular risk factors but information regarding vitamin D concentrations in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) is lacking. Our objective was to examine vitamin D concentrations in patients with FCHL and to study the effects of lipid-lowering therapy.

Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study on 59 patients with FCHL and 48 healthy controls.

PREDIRCAM eHealth platform for individualized telemedical assistance for lifestyle modification in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and cardiometabolic risk prevention: a pilot study (PREDIRCAM 1).

Background: Healthy diet and regular physical activity are powerful tools in reducing diabetes and cardiometabolic risk. Various international scientific and health organizations have advocated the use of new technologies to solve these problems. The PREDIRCAM project explores the contribution that a technological system could offer for the continuous monitoring of lifestyle habits and individualized treatment of obesity as well as cardiometabolic risk prevention.

Thyroglobulin as early prognostic marker to predict remission at 18-24 months in differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Introduction: Thyroglobulin (Tg), the most common marker to determine remission of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), can take 18 months or longer to be undetectable. We hypothesized that Tg stimulated after surgery and immediately before radioiodine treatment (baseline-stimulated Tg) could be a good predictor of remission at 18-24 months. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of baseline-stimulated Tg as early prognostic marker of DTC.

Switching to basal-bolus insulin therapy is effective and safe in long-term type 2 diabetes patients inadequately controlled with other insulin regimens.

Aim: To assess in standard clinical practice the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of switching patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and poor or unstable blood glucose control to basal-bolus insulin therapy.

Material And Methods: This was a prospective, single center study including 37 patients with T2DM (age 65±8 years, 62.2% men, body mass index 28.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults is perched between type 1 and type 2: evidence from adults in one region of Spain.

Background: The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical characteristics and insulin secretion in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). We also compared these characteristics in subjects with antibody-negative type 2 diabetes (T2DM) or adult-onset type 1 diabetes (T1DM) to subjects with LADA.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 82 patients with LADA, 78 with T1DM and 485 with T2DM were studied.

Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes in Europe is prevalent with a broad clinical phenotype: Action LADA 7.

Objective: Specific autoantibodies characterize type 1 diabetes in childhood but are also found in adult-onset diabetes, even when initially non-insulin requiring, e.g., with latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA).

The association of hypovitaminosis d with the metabolic syndrome is independent of the degree of obesity.

Background. It remains uncertain whether the metabolic syndrome (MS) or insulin resistance contribute to the association between vitamin D deficiency and obesity. Methods.

Perinatal maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus according to fetal sex.

Background: Male sex is a well-known risk factor for unfavorable perinatal outcomes. Fetal sex has been considered only occasionally in diabetic pregnancy.

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) according to fetal sex.

Maternal body mass index is a predictor of neonatal hypoglycemia in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Context: In diabetic pregnancy, neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) is usually attributed to insufficient regulation of maternal glycemic control. Recent data suggest that maternal body mass index (BMI) could have an influence.

Objective: Our objective was to determine whether an association exists between maternal prepregnancy BMI category and occurrence of NH among infants born to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).