Double-Layered Hand-Sewn versus Stapled Intestinal Anastomosis in Patients Who Underwent Ileal Urinary Diversion in Radical Cystectomy: A Comparative and Cost Effective Study.

Introduction: Intestinal anastomosis can be performed by hand suturing (single layer or double layer) or by a mechanical suturing machine. The aim of the study was to compare complications, operative time, and costs of the intestinal anastomosis techniques.

Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted including patients who underwent radical cystectomy and uretero-ileo-cutaneostomy or vescica ileale Padovana orthotopic neobladder.

Preliminary Results of ERAS Protocol in a Single Surgeon Prospective Case Series.

Background and Objectives: The aim was to compare the intra and postoperative outcomes between the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol versus the standard of care protocol (SCP) in patients who underwent radical cystectomy performed by a single surgeon. Materials and Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted including patients who underwent radical cystectomy from 2017 to 2020. Length of stay (LOS), incidence of ileus, early postoperative complications, and number of re-hospitalizations within 30 days were considered as primary comparative outcomes of the study.

Segmental Ureterectomy Versus Radical Nephroureterectomy in Older Patients Treated for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Introduction: The world population is ageing and surgical procedures for older patients are associated with higher perioperative morbidity and mortality rates than in younger patients. Segmental ureterectomy (SU) has been proposed as an alternative to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for selected upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC), to reduce post-operative morbidity, and preserve renal function. The aim of this study was to compare RNU and SU in terms of post-operative complications, functional outcomes, and overall survival (OS) in older patients treated for UTUC.

Sexual dysfunction in dialytic patients. A prospective cross-sectional observational study in two hemodialysis centers.

Objectives: Incidence and prevalence of patients in dialytic therapy increased considerably in recent years. The onset of new issues, once overshadowed, linked to a lower quality of life like sexual dysfunction became increasingly common. The first study in this area, dating back to the 1970s, shows the high prevalence of sexual dysfunction among patients in dialytic therapy of both sexes.

Spontaneous extrusion of male genital pearling.

Pearling is a practice of inserting small beads beneath the skin of the genitalia. Patients generally underwent this practice believing that this would have made their penis bigger and able to better satisfy their partners during intercourse. Pearling can cause complications.

Urology practice during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign.

Introduction: The current scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic is significantly different from that of the first, emergency phase. Several countries in the world are experiencing a second, or even a third, wave of contagion, while awaiting the effects of mass vaccination campaigns. The aim of this report was to provide an update of previously released recommendations on prioritization and restructuring of urological activities.

Is Kelami's Method Still Useful in the Smartphone Era? The Virtual 3-Dimensional Reconstruction of Penile Curvature in Patients With Peyronie's Disease: A Pilot Study.

Background: Peyronie's disease is an idiopathic fibrotic disease affecting the penile tunica albuginea. Among other resulting deformities, the more common penile curvature should be assessed preferentially with in-office goniometric estimation after pharmacologically induced erection, although clearly invasive and uncomfortable.

Aim: In the present pilot study, we investigated the usefulness for the patient and the surgeon of a 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the penile curvature obtained through photogrammetry software in clinical evaluation and surgical planning.

Percutaneous Nephrostomy Catheter Misplacement into Inferior Vena Cava in a Patient with a Horseshoe Kidney.

Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is commonly indicated for upper urinary tract drainage in case of obstruction or fistula. Only a few cases of PCN catheter misplacement into the inferior vena cava (IVC) have been published. We report a case of a PCN catheter misplaced into the IVC through a fistula between the urinary tract and an ipsilateral renal vein in a patient with horseshoe kidney, after bedside urgent replacement for hemorrhage and hemorrhagic shock.

Telehealth in Urology: A Systematic Review of the Literature. How Much Can Telemedicine Be Useful During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Context: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused increased interest in the application of telehealth to provide care without exposing patients and physicians to the risk of contagion. The urological literature on the topic is sparse.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of the literature and evaluate all the available studies on urological applications of telehealth.

Risk of Virus Contamination Through Surgical Smoke During Minimally Invasive Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Literature on a Neglected Issue Revived in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era.

Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raised concerns about the safety of laparoscopy due to the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diffusion in surgical smoke. Although no case of SARS-CoV-2 contagion related to surgical smoke has been reported, several international surgical societies recommended caution or even discouraged the use of a laparoscopic approach.

Objective: To evaluate the risk of virus spread due to surgical smoke during surgical procedures.

Sildenafil orodispersible film in the treatment of erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy: A single-centre open-label uncontrolled trial.

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are the first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED) after radical prostatectomy (RP). This single-centre open-label uncontrolled study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the new sildenafil orodispersible film (ODF) in ED treatment after RP. Sildenafil 100 mg ODF was administered twice a week for 3 months to patients under 75 years of age, with a Framingham cardiovascular risk score < 20% and a pre-operative International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 score ≥ 17, who had undergone open RP between 2016 and 2018.

Segmental ureterectomy vs. radical nephroureterectomy for ureteral carcinoma in patients with a preoperative glomerular filtration rate less than 90 ml/min/1.73 m: A multicenter study.

Objectives: To compare segmental ureterectomy (SU) and radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in terms of overall survival (OS) and impact on postoperative renal function in patients treated for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) of the ureter with preoperatively reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of consecutive patients treated for UTUC, in 6 Italian tertiary referral centers, from 2003 to 2013, and analyzed those treated with RNU or SU for ureteral cancer and with a preoperative eGFR <90 ml/min/1.73m.

Clinical pathways for urology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The public health emergency caused by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a significant reallocation of health resources with a consequent reorganization of the clinical activities also in several urological centers. A panel of Italian urologists has agreed on a set of recommendations on pathways of pre-, intra- and post-operative care for urological patients undergoing urgent procedures or non-deferrable oncological interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Simplification of the diagnostic and staging pathway has to be prioritized in order to reduce hospital visits and consequently the risk of contagion.

Urology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the disease it causes, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is generating a rapid and tragic health emergency in Italy due to the need to provide assistance to an overwhelming number of infected patients and, at the same time, treat all the non-deferrable oncological and benign conditions. A panel of Italian urologists has agreed on possible strategies for the reorganization of urological routine practice and on a set of recommendations that should facilitate the process of rescheduling both surgical and outpatient activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the subsequent phases. This document could be a valid tool to be used in routine clinical practice and, possibly, a cornerstone for further discussion on the topic also considering the further evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Lingual mucosal graft urethroplasty 12 years later: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the functional results and complications of the lingual mucosal graft (LMG) urethroplasty and to sum up the current state of the art of this surgical technique.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus electronic databases was performed, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Studies involving male patients treated with LMG urethroplasty for urethral stricture were included.

Characterization of human infiltrating and circulating gamma-delta T cells in prostate cancer.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to prospectively evaluate the distribution of gamma-delta (γδ)1 and γδ2 T cells and their phenotypes in peripheral blood and prostate samples of patients diagnosed with or without prostate cancer (PCa) at prostate biopsy.

Materials And Methods: A consecutive series of 43 outpatients underwent trans-rectal echo-guided prostate biopsy for suspected PCa. Flow cytometry analysis was used to identify and characterize the γδ T cells populations in peripheral blood and tissue samples.

Segmental resection of distal ureter with termino-terminal ureteric anastomosis vs bladder cuff removal and ureteric re-implantation for upper tract urothelial carcinoma: results of a multicentre study.

Objectives: To compare overall (OS), cancer-specific (CSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and postoperative renal function amongst patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) of the distal (lower lumbar and pelvic) ureter, electively treated with segmental resection and termino-terminal anastomosis (TT) vs bladder cuff removal and ureteric re-implantation (RR).

Patients And Methods: A multicentre retrospective study, including 84 patients diagnosed with UTUC of the distal ureter and treated with TT or RR, is presented. The primary endpoint was to compare TT and RR in terms of OS, CSS and RFS.

Predictive variables of spontaneous micturition recovery after acute urinary retention in men with benign prostatic enlargement: An observational prospective study.

Objective: Acute urinary retention (AUR) is the sudden and painful inability to urinate spontaneously. AUR is one of the most significant complications of benign prostatic enlargement. The management of AUR is based on transurethral catheterization.

Clinical and biochemical markers of visceral adipose tissue activity: Body mass index, visceral adiposity index, leptin, adiponectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-3. Correlation with Gleason patterns 4 and 5 at prostate biopsy.

Context: The correlation between aggressive prostate cancer and obesity mainly based on body mass index (BMI) and pathology after surgery remains controversial.

Aims: The aim of the study was to correlate BMI, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and the plasmatic levels of leptin, adiponectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and biomarkers of adipose tissue function, with the detection of Gleason patterns 4 and 5 at biopsy.

Subjects And Methods: Consecutive patients with prostate cancer at 12-core transrectal biopsy were enrolled.

Preoperative prostate health index is an independent predictor of early biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Results from a prospective single-center study.

Background: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that preoperative prostate health index (PHI) levels could help to predict early biochemical recurrence (BCR) in a contemporary population of patients with prostate cancer treated with robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Methods: The study population consisted of 313 patients treated with RARP for clinically localized prostate cancer at a single institution between 2010 and 2011. Patients subjected to neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapies and patients with a follow-up of<2 years were excluded.

Margin, ischemia, and complications system to report perioperative outcomes of robotic partial nephrectomy: a European Multicenter Observational Study (EMOS project).

Objective: To explore the margin, ischemia, and complications (MIC) system achievement rate within a population of patients who were treated with robotic partial nephrectomy (RAPN), at 3 different tertiary care centers, and to determine the factors predicting MIC achievement.

Methods: The study population consisted of 339 patients who underwent RAPN for cT1 renal tumors at 3 centers. Cancer control was defined as the absence of positive surgical margin.