Factors influencing students' happiness, vitality, and self-esteem.

Introduction: The happiness and well-being of individuals are among the most important components of life. However, there remains a lack of evidence regarding the relationships between students' happiness, vigor, and self-esteem on the one hand and various complex factors on the other hand.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 397 students from various Lithuanian universities.

Men and women choose moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviors with a "hot" mind rather than a "cold" one.

Background: The primary aim of our study is to explore how moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior (SB) in men and women (ages 18-74; 4545 females and 1824 males) are associated with age, education, psychological factors (cognitive reflection/"cold" mind, emotional intelligence (E), impulsivity, perceived stress), health behaviors (overeating, breakfast consumption, smoking, alcohol use), body mass index (BMI), and sleep duration.

Methods: The information was collected by means of an online survey ( https://docs.google.

Leisure-time physical activity improves happiness, health, and mood profile better than work-related physical activity.

Background: In an online survey of Lithuanian adults (n = 1140) aged 18 to 64 years, we sought to better understand the factors influencing the structure of physical activity (PA). We hypothesised that the PA paradox (i.e.

Mood profile in men and women of all ages is improved by leisure-time physical activity rather than work-related physical activity.

Background: The aim of our study was to determine how six mood indicators (vigour, fatigue, depression, anger, confusion, tension) depend on moderate to vigorous physical activity, walking time and sedentary time at work, after working hours and during leisure time, in men and women of different age groups.

Methods: A total of 1,140 individuals aged 18 to 64 years participated in the study. The participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional survey using a snowball sampling method.

The First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic Strengthened the "Strong" and Weakened the "Weak" Ones.

The aim of this study was to explore how the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, during which contact communication was severely restricted, changed psychological health indicators, such as subjective assessment of health and depression, impulsivity, stress and emotional intelligence (EI) and how that depended on age, gender, physical activity (PA), sports specificity and body mass index (BMI).We surveyed 6369 before and 2392 people during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were aged 18-74 years.

What Types of Exercise Are Best for Emotional Intelligence and Logical Thinking?

The aim of our study was to determine whether EI and LT vs. intuitive thinking (CRT score) are related to participation in professional sports, independent exercise, and exercise at a gym/health center compared with no exercise. We selected 20 of the most popular types of exercise in Lithuania among respondents who exercise independently or at a gym/health center, and we ranked these types of exercise according to the participants' emotional intelligence and logical thinking.

Do Physical Activity, BMI, and Wellbeing Affect Logical Thinking?

We studied 6368 people (4544 women and 1824 men; aged 18-74 years). The research goal was to determine whether the Cognitive Reflection Test score (logical thinking compared with intuitive thinking) depends-and in what way it depends-on the healthy lifestyle components and emotional health-related components as well as age (18-74 years) and gender. We established that analytical vs.

Validation of a Lithuanian-Language Version of the Brunel Mood Scale: The BRUMS-LTU.

Mood can be considered as a diffuse and global emotional state, with both valence and arousal characteristics, that is not directed towards a specific object. Investigation of moods in specific language and cultural contexts relies on the availability of appropriately validated measures. The current study involved the translation and validation of the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) from English into Lithuanian.

Physical Activity, Stress, Depression, Emotional Intelligence, Logical Thinking, and Overall Health in a Large Lithuanian from October 2019 to June 2020: Age and Gender Differences Adult Sample.

This study aimed to examine relationships and group differences among adult people's (aged 18-74) physical activity (PA), expression of stress, depression, emotional intelligence (EI), logical thinking (LT), and overall health assessment. Two hypotheses were formulated before the study. The first hypothesis is that overweight and obesity in young adults (18 to 34 years) females and males, in particular, should increase sharply and this should be associated with decreased PA, abruptly deteriorating subject health, increased stress, depression, and poorer emotion management and EI.

Did COVID-19 Pandemic Change People's Physical Activity Distribution, Eating, and Alcohol Consumption Habits as well as Body Mass Index?

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether COVID-19 had an impact on people's (aged 18-74) physical activity distribution, eating, and alcohol consumption habits as well as body mass index. We interviewed 6369 people (4545 women and 1824 men) in Lithuania before the COVID-19 pandemic started and 2392 during COVID-19 (1856 women and 536 men). They were aged 18-74 years.

High-volume intermittent maximal intensity isometric exercise caused great stress, although central motor fatigue did not occur.

To establish whether very high-volume, high-intensity isometric exercise causes stress to the body and how it affects peripheral and central fatigue. Nineteen physically active healthy male subjects (21.2 ± 1.

Two Months of Using Global Recommendations for Physical Activity Had No Impact on Cognitive or Motor Functions in Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged Women.

Background: The effect of globally recommended levels of physical activity on cognition and motor behavior is not completely understood. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the effect of 300 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive and motor performance among overweight and obese working-age women.

Methods: Overweight and obese participants aged 38-56 years were randomized to either a control or an experimental group performing aerobic exercise at 50% to 60% of the peak oxygen consumption for a 2-month period.

Effects of two nights of sleep deprivation on executive function and central and peripheral fatigue during maximal voluntary contraction lasting 60s.

PURPOSEː: The current study aimed at assessing the effect of a trial of two nights of sleep deprivation (SDT) on mood, sleepiness, motivation and cognitive and motor performance. METHODSː: Thirty-six healthy young and physically active adult men (17 in the control group and 19 in the SDT group) completed a 48-h control or 48-h SDT. For the SDT, participants did not sleep for 48 h.

Vitamin C and E Treatment Blunts Sprint Interval Training-Induced Changes in Inflammatory Mediator-, Calcium-, and Mitochondria-Related Signaling in Recreationally Active Elderly Humans.

Sprint interval training (SIT) has emerged as a time-efficient training regimen for young individuals. Here, we studied whether SIT is effective also in elderly individuals and whether the training response was affected by treatment with the antioxidants vitamin C and E. Recreationally active elderly (mean age 65) men received either vitamin C (1 g/day) and vitamin E (235 mg/day) or placebo.

Effect of knee extensors muscles fatigue on bilateral force accuracy, variability, and coordination.

The aim of this study was to test the effect of fatigue of the knee extensors muscles on bilateral force control accuracy, variability, and coordination in the presence and absence of visual feedback. Twenty-two young physically active subjects (18 males, 4 females) were divided into two groups and performed 210 submaximal sustained bilateral isometric contractions of knee extensors muscles with and without visual feedback. One group performed a symmetrical task-both legs were set at identical positions (60° knee flexion)-while the other group performed an asymmetrical task (60° and 30° knee flexion).

A 10-week yoga practice has no effect on cognition, but improves balance and motor learning by attenuating brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in older adults.

Despite studies investigating the effect of yoga on cognitive and motor functioning in older adults, the effect on dual-task performance and motor learning and the specific mechanisms underlying the positive effect of yoga remain unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of yoga on cognition, balance under single- and dual-task conditions, and motor learning. The potential role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in induced improvement was also explored.

One night of sleep deprivation impairs executive function but does not affect psychomotor or motor performance.

The current study assessed the impact of one night of sleep deprivation on cognitive, motor and psychomotor performance. Thirty healthy young adult male subjects completed a 24 h control or 24 h sleep deprived trial. For the control trial, participants (N = 15) were allowed normal night sleep (~8 h).

"Two sides of the same coin": constant motor learning speeds up, whereas variable motor learning stabilizes, speed-accuracy movements.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the time course of the trade-off between speed and accuracy, intraindividual variability, and movement transfer and retention (4 weeks after learning) of speed-accuracy tasks.

Methods: The participants in this study were healthy adults randomly divided into three groups (control versus constant versus variable). They were aged 19-24 years, and 30 (15 men and 15 women) were in each group.

The Effect of Combined Aerobic Exercise and Calorie Restriction on Mood, Cognition, and Motor Behavior in Overweight and Obese Women.

Background: The benefits of weight loss programs on mood, cognitive, and motor behavior are largely limited to those of calorie restriction or exercise alone. Our aim was to investigate the effect of combined calorie restriction and aerobic exercise intervention on mood, brain activity, and cognitive and motor behavior in overweight and obese women.

Methods: Participants aged 36-56 years were randomized to either a control or an experimental group (aerobic exercise + 12.

High-velocity elastic-band training improves hamstring muscle activation and strength in basketball players.

Background: The aim of this study was use surface EMG activity to assess changes in co-activation of knee flexors and extensors muscle groups during elastic-band exercise after 5 weeks of high-velocity elastic-band training in basketball players.

Methods: College male basketball players (N.=18) were randomly divided into one of two groups: 1) the elastic-band training group performed low-load and high-velocity - lying prone - hamstring curls training three times per week; 2) the control group did not do any training.

The contribution of low-frequency fatigue to the loss of quadriceps contractile function following repeated drop jumps.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Why do some subjects recover slowly following a bout of eccentric exercise and why is recovery faster following a repeated bout? What is the main finding and its importance? The results are consistent with two major causes of the reduction of quadriceps torque, the onset of low-frequency fatigue which recovered relatively fast and a second, delayed form of damage. Differences in the delayed damage process largely accounted for the differences in the rate of torque recovery between subjects after a first bout and it was suppression of the delayed damage which accounted for the faster recovery following a repeated bout of eccentric exercise.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which low-frequency fatigue (LFF) accounts for the loss of quadriceps strength and time course of recovery following a series of drop jumps (DJs).

Three weeks of sprint interval training improved high-intensity cycling performance and limited ryanodine receptor modifications in recreationally active human subjects.

Purpose: Mechanisms underlying the efficacy of sprint interval training (SIT) remain to be understood. We previously reported that an acute bout of SIT disrupts the integrity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca release channel, the ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1), in recreationally active human subjects. We here hypothesize that in addition to improving the exercise performance of recreationally active humans, a period of repeated SIT sessions would make the RyR1 protein less vulnerable and accelerate recovery of contractile function after a SIT session.

Absence of differences in the learning rate of a speed-accuracy movement task between women patients with mild and major depression and healthy adult women.

This study tested the hypothesis that women patients with depression should perform movements more slowly and with greater variability, and their learning rate should be lower compared with age-matched healthy adult women. Three groups of adult women subjects (aged 33-37 years, women patients with mild and major depression and healthy adult women, n = 20 in each group) performed five series (20 repetitions in each series) of a speed-accuracy hand-movement task (SAT). The mean movement speed (V) of the SAT was lower and more stable (the coefficient of variation of V was lower) in women patients with major depression compared with those with minor depression and healthy adult women during the first series of the SAT.

Physiological comparison between non-athletes, endurance, power and team athletes.

We hypothesized that endurance athletes have lower muscle power than power athletes due to a combination of weaker and slower muscles, while their higher endurance is attributable to better oxygen extraction, reflecting a higher muscle oxidative capacity and larger stroke volume. Endurance (n = 87; distance runners, road cyclists, paddlers, skiers), power (n = 77; sprinters, throwers, combat sport athletes, body builders), team (n = 64; basketball, soccer, volleyball) and non-athletes (n = 223) performed a countermovement jump and an incremental running test to estimate their maximal anaerobic and aerobic power (VOmax), respectively. Dynamometry and M-mode echocardiography were used to measure muscle strength and stroke volume.

Pre-Exercise Rehydration Attenuates Central Fatigability during 2-Min Maximum Voluntary Contraction in Hyperthermia.

Hyperthermia with dehydration alters several brain structure volumes, mainly by changing plasma osmolality, thus strongly affecting neural functions (cognitive and motor). Here, we aimed to examine whether the prevention of significant dehydration caused by passively induced whole-body hyperthermia attenuates peripheral and/or central fatigability during a sustained 2-min isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Ten healthy and physically active adult men (21 ± 1 years of age) performed an isometric MVC of the knee extensors for 2 min (2-min MVC) under control (CON) conditions, after passive lower-body heating that induced severe whole-body hyperthermia (HT, T > 39 °C) with dehydration (HT-D) and after HT with rehydration (HT-RH).