Retinal sensitivity following intraocular silicone oil and gas tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: To investigate whether intraocular silicone oil (SO) tamponade is associated with functional changes in patients with both macula-on and macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs).

Methods: Prospective observational cohort study of patients with RRD treated by vitrectomy with gas or SO tamponade at the University Medical Center Utrecht. Outcome was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal sensitivity on microperimetry 2 months after surgery.

Validation of automated screening for referable diabetic retinopathy with the IDx-DR device in the Hoorn Diabetes Care System.

Purpose: To increase the efficiency of retinal image grading, algorithms for automated grading have been developed, such as the IDx-DR 2.0 device. We aimed to determine the ability of this device, incorporated in clinical work flow, to detect retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes.

Electrolyte composition of retro-oil fluid and silicone oil-related visual loss.

Purpose: Up to one-third of patients with intra-ocular silicone oil (SO) tamponade for complex macula-on retinal detachment may experience an unexplained visual loss during or after SO tamponade. Although the underlying mechanism is unknown, previous studies suggested that accumulation of retinal potassium could be involved. Hence, this study tested the hypothesis that intra-ocular potassium levels are elevated during SO tamponade.

INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS, AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNEXPLAINED VISUAL LOSS AFTER INTRAOCULAR SILICONE OIL FOR MACULA-ON RETINAL DETACHMENT.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of unexplained visual loss after macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: Retrospective cohort of patients with primary macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated by vitrectomy with gas or silicone oil (SO) tamponade in 2011 and 2012. Outcome was unexplained visual loss (>2 Snellen lines) 2 months after the last vitrectomy.

Corneal endothelial cell density after vitrectomy with silicone oil for complex retinal detachments.

Purpose: To evaluate the endothelial cell density changes in eyes with silicone oil tamponade after vitrectomy for complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods: A prospective controlled study with 81 eyes with complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment undergoing vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade. Fellow eyes that fulfilled specific inclusion criteria served as controls.

Diplopia was not predictable and not associated with buckle position after scleral buckling surgery for retinal detachment.

Purpose: The possibility of postoperative binocular diplopia is seen as an important drawback of conventional scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The goal of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and pattern of binocular diplopia after scleral buckle procedures in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods: In a retrospective study of 1,030 patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who were treated by scleral buckle surgery between January 2001 and July 2008, the postoperative occurrence of binocular diplopia was retrieved from the medical charts.

Interleukin and growth factor levels in subretinal fluid in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a case-control study.

Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a major cause of visual loss in developed countries. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), an eye-sight threatening complication of RRD surgery, resembles a wound-healing process with inflammation, scar tissue formation, and membrane contraction. This study was performed to determine the possible involvement of a wide range of cytokines in the future development of PVR, and to identify predictors of PVR and visual outcome.

Persistent subfoveal fluid and increased preoperative foveal thickness impair visual outcome after macula-off retinal detachment repair.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of subfoveal fluid and foveal thickness on visual outcome in patients who underwent reattachment surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: This prospective study included 53 patients who were undergoing successful scleral buckling surgery for primary RRD. A thorough ophthalmologic examination including best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, and optical coherence tomography scanning was performed preoperatively and during all subsequent follow-up visits at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months postoperatively.

High subretinal fluid procoagulant activity in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: An increased mRNA expression of genes related to blood coagulation has been demonstrated in an experimental retinal detachment model but has not yet been confirmed in human clinical specimens. Tissue factor (TF), the initiating factor of blood coagulation, may be a determinant of the extent of tissue injury after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). This study was conducted to determine whether subretinal fluid and vitreous fluid collected from patients with RRD have a procoagulant effect.

Chemokine levels in subretinal fluid obtained during scleral buckling surgery after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: Interleukin (IL)-6, a multifunctional cytokine with regulatory functions in wound healing, and several chemokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). The exact role of these chemokines, their correlation with IL-6 after primary RRD, and their association with the future development of PVR are not yet known.

Methods: A multiplex immunoassay was used to determine levels of 15 different chemokines and IL-6 in subretinal fluid samples obtained during scleral buckling surgery for primary RRD.

Anterior chamber depth is significantly decreased after scleral buckling surgery.

Objective: Myopic patients have an increased risk for the development of a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Currently, myopic patients have the choice to undergo correction of their refractive error by the implantation of a phakic intraocular lens (pIOL). After pIOL implantation, progressive endothelial cell loss may result if the anterior chamber is too shallow.

Incidence of redetachment 6 months after scleral buckling surgery.

Purpose: The preoperative and intraoperative clinical variables associated with redetachment and/or a poor visual outcome following scleral buckling (SB) surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) have mainly been studied after a short follow-up. This study aimed to analyse long-term effects by following patients for at least 6 months.

Methods: In a retrospective survey we evaluated the data of 436 eyes that underwent SB surgery.

Low redetachment rate due to encircling scleral buckle in giant retinal tears treated with vitrectomy and silicone oil.

Background: The goal of this study was to identify risk factors for redetachment and to assess long-term anatomic and functional results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tears (GRT).

Subjects And Methods: In a retrospective study the authors analyzed 30 eyes which were operated with PPV for GRT retinal detachment in their clinic between March 1998 and August 2003.

Results: Redetachment rate after one vitrectomy procedure in this series of 30 eyes was 30% (n = 9), and ultimately, the retina was attached in 29 (96.

Balance of vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelial growth factor prior to development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Background: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are imbalanced in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). It is not known whether such an imbalance is already present in early PVR stages. We therefore analyzed VEGF and PEDF concentrations in subretinal fluids prior to PVR development.

Scleral buckling surgery after macula-off retinal detachment: worse visual outcome after more than 6 days.

Purpose: To determine the effect of duration of macular detachment (DMD) on visual acuity (VA) in patients with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD).

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Participants: Two hundred two consecutive patients (202 eyes) with primary uncomplicated macula-off RD, preoperative VA of 10/100 or worse, a precise history of when macular function was lost, successful reattachment surgery, and a minimal follow-up of 3 months.

Intravitreal prednisolone sodium succinate reduces diabetic macular edema without intraocular pressure rise.

Purpose: To evaluate the six-month results of patients treated with intravitreal prednisolone sodium succinate injections for persistent diabetic macular edema.

Design: Retrospective, noncontrolled, clinical case series.

Methods: Nineteen eyes had intravitreal injections with prednisolone sodium succinate.

Increased glutamate levels in the vitreous of patients with retinal detachment.

Experimental models have implicated glutamate in the irreversible damage to retinal cells following retinal detachment. In this retrospective study we investigated a possible role for glutamate and other amino acid neurotransmitters during clinical rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Undiluted vitreous samples were obtained from 176 patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy.

Immunohistochemical analysis of the internal limiting membrane peeled with infracyanine green.

Purpose: To investigate whether the peeled internal limiting membrane (ILM) contains cellular retinal cell fragments, and to learn more about their possible origin.

Design: Experimental study.

Methods: ILM peeled from ten eyes during vitrectomy by infracyanine green (ICG) was studied immunohistochemically using the markers: GFAP, S-100, and vimentin.

High TGF-beta2 levels during primary retinal detachment may protect against proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Purpose: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment surgery. The exact role of these factors in the early events, immediately after primary retinal detachment, is not yet known, and determining their roles was therefore the purpose of this study.

Methods: Subretinal fluids were collected prospectively from 144 patients during surgery for scleral buckling.

Clinical variables and their relation to visual outcome after vitrectomy in eyes with diabetic retinal traction detachment.

Background: To analyse vitrectomy results in diabetic eyes with retinal traction detachment and to investigate which variables are associated with a worse visual outcome.

Methods: Forty-four diabetic eyes (33 patients) with central retinal traction detachment were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: After a median follow-up of 10 months, median visual acuity significantly improved from 20/800 to 20/160 (P=0.

Basic fibroblast growth factor, glutamine synthetase, and interleukin-6 in vitreous fluid from eyes with retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), glutamine synthetase (GS), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in vitreous fluid from eyes with retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Design: Comparative case series; experimental study.

Methods: In a prospective study, we measured bFGF, GS, IL-6, and total protein in vitreous fluid samples from 53 eyes from 53 consecutive patients with PVR operated on in our hospital.