Developing a Computer Vision Model to Automate Quantitative Measurement of Hip-Knee-Ankle Angle in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients.

Background: Increasing deformity of the lower extremities, as measured by the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), is associated with poor patient outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA). Automated calculation of HKAA is imperative to reduce the burden on orthopaedic surgeons. We proposed a detection-based deep learning (DL) model to calculate HKAA in THA and TKA patients and assessed the agreement between DL-derived HKAAs and manual measurement.

Utility of Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System measures in predicting shoulder arthroplasty in patients with shoulder osteoarthritis.

Background: The decision to treat shoulder osteoarthritis (OA) definitively with shoulder arthroplasty (SA) is multifactorial, considering objective findings, subjective information, and patient goals. The first goal of this study was to determine if Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures correlated with patients with shoulder OA who underwent SA within 1 year. The second goal of this study was to determine if score cut-offs in PROMIS domains could further discriminate which shoulder OA patients underwent SA within 1 year.

Does Medically Supervised Weight Loss Prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty Improve Patient-Reported Pain and Physical Function?

Background: Weight loss is commonly recommended before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) despite inconsistent evidence for better outcomes. This study sought to examine the impacts of preoperative weight loss on patient-reported and adverse outcomes among TKA patients supervised by a medical weight management clinic.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent medical weight management supervision within 18 months before TKA comparing patients who did and did not have clinically relevant weight loss.

Radiographic comparison of eccentric stemmed vs. concentric stemless prosthetic humeral head positioning after anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.

Introduction: Maintaining premorbid proximal humeral positioning is an essential consideration of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA), as malposition of the prosthetic humeral head can result in poor clinical outcomes. Stemless aTSA prosthetic heads are usually concentric, while stemmed aTSA prosthetic heads are typically eccentric in nature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the ability to restore native humeral head position between stemmed (eccentric) vs.

Does Preoperative Weight Loss Within 6 Months or 1 Year Change the Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Total Knee Arthroplasty by Initial Body Mass Index Classification?

Background: High body mass index (BMI) is associated with adverse outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Thus, many patients are advised to lose weight before TKA. This study examined how weight loss before TKA is associated with adverse outcomes depending on patients' initial BMI.

Interfragmentary strain measurement post-fixation to guide intraoperative decision making: a narrative review.

Purpose: Interfragmentary strain influences whether a fracture will undergo direct and indirect fracture healing. Orthopedic trauma surgeons modulate strain and create optimal biomechanical environments for specific fracture patterns using fixation constructs. However, objective intraoperative interfragmentary strain measurement does not currently inform fixation strategy in common practice.

Outcome Disparities in Total Knee and Total Hip Arthroplasty among Native American Populations.

Background: No prior racial disparities studies in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) have specifically evaluated outcomes among American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN) patients. We hypothesized that AIAN patients have worse outcomes than White patients after controlling for demographics and comorbidities.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study comparing White and AIAN patients undergoing primary TKA/THA from 2012-2019 using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

Concordance of Preoperative 3D Templating in Stemless Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Recent advances in preoperative 3D templating software allow surgeons to plan implant size and position for stemless total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Whether these preoperative plans accurately reflect intraoperative decisions is yet unknown, and the purpose of this study was to evaluate concordance between planned and actual implant sizes in a series of patients undergoing stemless TSA.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of consecutive, anatomic, stemless TSA cases performed by two surgeons between September 2019 and February 2021 was examined.