On the measurement of skeletal muscle anisotropic permittivity property with a single cross-shaped needle insertion.

Application of minimally invasive methods to enable the measurement of tissue permittivity in the neuromuscular clinic remain elusive. This paper provides a theoretical and modeling study on the measurement of the permittivity of two-dimensional anisotropic tissues such as skeletal muscle with a multi-electrode cross-shaped needle. For this, we design a novel cross-shaped needle with multiple-electrodes and analyse apparent impedance corresponding to the measured impedance.