Improving food insecurity screening across a health system throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Food insecurity has direct and indirect negative outcomes on the physical and mental health of children, with impacts throughout adult life. Rates of food insecurity have increased dramatically since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends paediatricians screen and intervene to address food insecurity.

Early Life Factors for Overweight Risk Among Infants of Hispanic Immigrant Mothers.

Introduction: This study examined postpartum depression, food insecurity, and underestimation of infant size as potential early life factors for overweight risk at 12 months among infants of Hispanic immigrant mothers.

Method: Weight-for-length (WFL) measurements and face-to-face interviews were completed during well child visits. Regression models estimated the impact of early life factors (0-6 months) on overweight risk at 1 year.

Institute of Medicine Early Infant Feeding Recommendations for Childhood Obesity Prevention: Implementation by Immigrant Mothers From Central America.

Purposes: Describe implementation of Institute of Medicine (IOM) early infant feeding recommendations for child obesity prevention by immigrant mothers from Central America; examine potential relationships with food insecurity and postpartum depressive symptoms.

Design And Methods: Using a cross-sectional, descriptive design, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 318 mothers of 2month old infants at a large pediatric setting for low income families. Logistic regression models assessed feeding practices, food insecurity and postpartum depressive symptoms.

Sensitive Timing for Risk of Overweight Among Infants of Low-Income Hispanic Immigrants.

Introduction: This study examined the association between early weight gain (0-6 months) and risk for overweight, as defined by the Institute of Medicine, at 1 year among infants of low-income Hispanic immigrant mothers.

Method: Weight-for-age data were extracted from electronic medical records of 335 infants with gestations of 37 weeks or longer and birthweights appropriate for gestational age and without medical problems likely to interfere with growth or feeding. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the impact of early weight changes on weight status at 1 year.

Early Feeding Practices and Weight Status at One Year of Age: A Comparison of Hispanic Immigrant Mother-Infant Dyads with Participants of the Infant Feeding Practices Study II.

Background: Hispanic preschoolers have higher rates of BMI ≥85th percentile than any other racial/ethnic group. To identify underpinnings of this disparity, we compared early feeding practices and subsequent weight status for a sample of infants of low-income, Hispanic immigrant mothers with participants from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS II).

Methods: Proyecto de Bebés Hispanos Saludables (PBHS) collected medical record data for mother-infant dyads (n = 550) from a large pediatric clinic for low-income families and merged it with IFPS II data (n = 1502) to compare early feeding practices and late infancy weight status.

Baby steps in the prevention of childhood obesity: IOM guidelines for pediatric practice.

The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the infancy-related guidelines from the Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2011) report “Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies” and highlight research studies that support their implementation in pediatric practice. Findings from recent studies of infant growth monitoring, feeding, sleep, and physical activity are presented. Research strategies that may be applied to today's clinical assessments and interventions are specified.

Postpartum depression, infant feeding practices, and infant weight gain at six months of age.

Introduction: This study examined postpartum depression (PPD) as a potential risk factor for non-adherence to infant feeding guidelines and subsequent infant weight gain.

Methods: Participants were mother-infant dyads from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (N = 1447). Main study variables were PPD, breastfeeding intensity, addition of cereal to infant formula, and age of introduction to solid foods.