Morphometric Development of Medial Surface of Cerebrum in Fetal Cadavers.

Aim: To investigate the morphometric and morphological development of the medial surface of the cerebrum in 40 fetal cadavers without external anomalies and pathologies between the gestational ages of 22 and 40 weeks.

Material And Methods: In this study, we measured the height and width of the cerebral hemisphere, cingulate sulcus, marginal sulcus, sulcus of the corpus callosum, calcarine sulcus, parieto-occipital sulcus, and central sulcus in each hemisphere. We examined these measures between genders and sides and assessed how these parameters developed over the course of gestational age (measured in months).

The location of mandibular foramen relative to the occlusal plane: a study on anatolian dry mandible.

Purpose: The study aims to evaluate the location of mandibular foramen (MF) with respect to the occlusal plane (OP) and its location on the ramus using Anatolian dry mandibles.

Materials And Methods: A total of 115 dry mandibles with mandibular molars were analyzed. The distance between the MF and the OP was examined with a flat metal plate.

Innervation Patterns of the Psoas Major and Iliacus Muscles in Fetal Cadavers.

Aim: We aimed to investigate in detail the innervation patterns of the psoas major and iliacus in fetal cadavers.

Material And Methods: The innervation patterns of 94 psoas major and 94 iliacus belonging to 47 fetuses (28 males, 19 females) aged between the 18th-40th gestational weeks in the laboratory of the Department of Anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine were examined. The nerve branches innervating the psoas major and iliacus and the origin levels of these branches were determined.

Anatomical variations of the superficial palmar arch in human fetuses.

The superficial palmar arch is an important anatomical structure that contributes to the arterial supply of the palmar side of the hand in the upper extremity. However, there is limited information on the embryological morphological structure of the superficial palmar arch in the literature. We studied the types of the superficial palmar arch and determined their variations by dissecting 80 upper extremities of 40 formalin-fixed human fetuses (19 males, 21 females) 18-37 weeks of age.

Anatomical variations of the extensor tendons of the fetal thumb.

Purpose: The extensor pollicis longus (EPL) and brevis (EPB) and abductor pollicis longus (APL) are muscles located in the posterior compartment of the forearm. These muscles allow the thumb to move independently from the other four fingers by attaching to the thumb separately. This study's goal was to investigate the tendon variations and insertions of these muscles.

Intrauterine maxillary development and maxillary dental arch biometry: a fetal cadaver study.

Introduction: This study's goal was to determine normal maxillary development on fetal cadavers.

Materials And Methods: This study was carried out on 45 fetuses aged between the 17th - 40th weeks of gestation (24 male, 21 female). The distance between the widest left and right points of the maxillary dental arch (MDA) on the transverse plane, the distance of the papilla incisiva (PI) to the widest left and right points of the maxillary dental arch (MDAW), and the PI and posterior nasal spine (PNS) were measured.

Morphometric Development of the Mandible in Fetal Cadavers.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present reliable data by measuring the morphometric properties of the mandible in the fetal period.

Methods: A study was performed on mandibles of 35 fetuses (18 male fetuses and 17 female fetuses), aged between 21 and 40 weeks of gestation. Fetuses were examined in 3 groups according to their developmental stages: 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester, and full-term.

Prevalence of the extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi and extensor indicis tendons and their variations.

We aimed to investigate tendon variations of the extensor digitorum (ED), extensor digiti minimi (EDM), and extensor indicis proprius (EIP) muscles. Our study was performed on 43 fetal cadavers (86 extremities), aged between 17 and 40 weeks of gestation. The number of ED tendons varied from three to six, proximal to the extensor retinaculum (ER), and from three to eight, distal to the ER.

A case with multiple accessory foramina of mandible in a fetus.

It is aimed to better recognize the mandibular variations by understanding the diversity and positions of accessory foramina better. Accessory formations on a full-term fetal mandible dissected for a mandibular study were examined under a microscope. To observe these formations more clearly, they were photographed with the help of a camera and microscope.

Evaluation of normal tibial tubercle to trochlear groove distance in adult Turkish population.

Purpose: Many studies have confirmed the significance of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TTTG) distance measurement for the preoperative assessment of tibial tubercle osteotomy and refixation of the patients that need surgery. TTTG distance is being used as threshold value for surgery decision. The purpose is to determine the TTTG values for the adult Turkish population and compare this with the values of other studies and establish a possible index.

Development of Hard and Soft Palate During the Fetal Period and Hard Palate Asymmetry.

In the present study, it was aimed to perform the morphometric analysis of the hard and soft palate in fetal cadavers and evaluate hard palate asymmetry during the fetal development. The development of the palate was investigated in 40 (21 males, 19 females) fetal materials aged between the 17th and 40th gestational week. In this study, distances between the incisive papilla-staurion (Ip-Sr), staurion-posterior nasal spine (Sr-Pns), incisive papilla-greater palatine foramen (Ip-Gpf) on the right and left sides, Sr-Gpf, and Pns-Gpf were measured.

The effect of diclofenac sodium on neural tube development in the early stage of chick embryos.

Background: Neural tube defects are congenital malformations of the central nervous system. Genetic predisposition and some environmental factors play an important role in the development of neural tube defects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of diclofenac sodium on the neural tube development in a chick embryo model that corresponds to the first month of vertebral deve- lopment in mammals.

Determination and classification of cutaneous innervation of the dorsum of the foot in foetal cadavers.

Background: The aim of this study is to determine cutaneous innervation of the dorsum of the foot on foetal cadavers.

Materials And Methods: In this study. 200 limbs from 100 embalmed foetuses (54 males and 46 females) were studied in Anatomy Laboratory.

Evaluation of fibular muscles and prevalence of accessory fibular muscles on fetal cadavers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine clinical importance and morphology of the fibularis longus, brevis, tertius muscles (presented as fibular muscles in this study), and prevalence of accessory fibular muscles (AFM) on fetal cadavers.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 200 limbs from 100 embalmed fetuses (54 male and 46 female) were studied. Morphology of fibular muscles and the presence of AFM were observed through dissection on fetal legs bilaterally.

Anatomy and variations of palmaris longus in fetuses.

The aim of this study was to assess the absence of the palmaris longus, the proportion of the lengths of tendon and muscle belly, the development of the tendon and the belly during the fetal period, look for any difference between sides and gender. Fifty-eight spontaneously aborted human fetuses (26 female, 32 male, 116 upper extremities) were studied. The presence or absence of the palmaris longus was determined.

Motor branching patterns of the ulnar nerve in the forearms of fetal cadavers.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the branches of the ulnar nerve given to forearm muscles [flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) and flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)] and typing of ulnar nerve according to distribution of these branches to the muscles.

Methods: From the collection of Anatomy Department Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 116 upper limbs of fetuses showing no external anomaly and aging between 12th and 40th weeks of pregnancy, were included in this study for anatomical dissection. Parameters about the branching of fetal ulnar nerve were set as follows: branch/branches to FCU muscle and branch/branches to FDP muscle.

Formation of the sural nerve in foetal cadavers.

The purpose of this study was to provide a morphologic description and assessment on the formation level of the sural nerve (SN) and its components. Also we aimed to reveal histological features of the SN components. An anatomical study of the formation of the SN was carried out on 100 limbs from 50 embalmed foetuses.

A rare case of communicating branch between the posterior femoral cutaneous and the sciatic nerves.

During routine dissection of a 75-year-old male cadaver, we observed a communicating branch between the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve and the sciatic nerve. The connection was 11 cm below the infrapiriform foramen and was 3 cm long. Excluding this communicating branch, the origin, course and distribution of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve showed no variation.

The morphometry of patella and patellar ligament during the fetal period.

This study aims to determine the development and morphology of the patella and patellar tendon and to obtain morphometric data about these structures during the fetal period. One hundred five human fetuses (55 males and 50 females) aged 9-40 weeks were used in this study. Fetuses were divided into four groups between gestational weeks; Group I (9-12 weeks), Group II (13-25 weeks), Group III (26-37 weeks), and Group IV (38-40 weeks).

Morphometry of the gallbladder during the fetal period.

Purpose: In this study, our objective was to investigate the development of the gallbladder, its morphological structure and relationship with the adjacent organs during the fetal period.

Materials And Methods: A total of 118 human fetuses (60 males, 58 females) between 9 and 40 weeks of gestation without any external anomaly or pathology were included. They were divided into four groups according the gestational age: I (9-12 weeks), II (13-25 weeks), III (26-37 weeks) and IV (term, 38-40 weeks).

The development of fetal pylorus during the fetal period.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the localization of the pylorus, its macroscopic and microscopic development and relationship with neighboring structures.

Materials And Methods: The study is carried out on 160 human fetuses aged between 9 and 40 weeks of gestation. Abdomen was divided into four quadrants by horizontal and vertical planes passing through the umbilicus.

Development of spleen during the fetal period.

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the location and development of the spleen in the human fetuses.

Materials And Methods: The study was carried on 141 dead human fetuses aged between 9 and 40 weeks with no marked pathology and anomaly in the years 2002-2003. The location of spleen with the neighboring structures, the existence of accessory spleens, notches on the borders, fissures on the surfaces, major ligaments and the shape of spleen and its hilum were established.

Postpubertal testicular/epididymal epithelial thickness alterations in unilateral epididymal/vasal obstruction of prepubertal rats.

This study was conducted to evaluate postpubertal testicular and epididymal epithelial changes induced by unilateral epididymal and vasal obstruction in rats by measuring epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubuli (MSTet) and epithelium thickness of ductus epididymis (MDEet). Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group I underwent unilateral epididymal ligation; group II underwent unilateral vasal ligation and group III received sham operations. MDEet on the ipsilateral side of the epididymal ligation group significantly decreased compared to the contralateral side and sham group.

The proportions of the white and red pulps of the human fetal spleen.

Objective: To compare the proportions of white and red pulps of the human spleen during the fetal period.

Methods: We performed this study in the Department of Anatomy and Pathology of Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey, from the period between 2002-2003. Spleens from 137 dead fetuses aged between 9 and 40 weeks were embedded into paraffin blocks following classical histological steps and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.