A retrospective analysis of tacrolimus pharmacokinetic in Saudi paediatric patients in early post-liver transplantation period.

Background: Tacrolimus is an essential immunosuppressive medication in paediatric patients' post-liver transplantation. Achieving tacrolimus target concentration in early post-transplantation is crucial to minimise the risk of acute rejection; however, this is challenging due to inter- and intra-patient variability in tacrolimus metabolism and clearance. Therefore, our study aims to describe tacrolimus trough concentration variability and pharmacokinetics in paediatric post-liver transplantation during the first two weeks post-transplantation.

Leveraging machine learning in limited sampling strategies for efficient estimation of the area under the curve in pharmacokinetic analysis: a review.

Objective: Limited sampling strategies are widely employed in clinical practice to minimize the number of blood samples required for the accurate area under the curve calculations, as obtaining these samples can be costly and challenging. Traditionally, the maximum a posteriori Bayesian estimation has been the standard method for the area under the curve estimation based on limited samples. However, machine learning is emerging as a promising alternative for this purpose.

Evaluation of the predictive performance of an online voriconazole dose calculator in children.

Background: The dosing of voriconazole is challenging in pediatrics. One approach to improve the dosing is through the use of Bayesian concentration-guided dosing software. Our study assessed the predictive performance of a freely available online voriconazole dose calculator in pediatric patients "NextDose" ( https://www.

Correction: Beliefs, awareness, use, and factors associated with herbal supplements usage among patients with chronic diseases-A cross-sectional insight from Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Is there a relationship between low back pain and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy?

Objective: A condition known as ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy occurs when the ligamentum flavum (LF) swells as a result of pressures applied to the spine. Among the elderly population, lumbar spinal stenosis is a major cause of pain and disabilities. Numerous studies indicate that lumbar spinal stenosis etiology involves the ligamentum flavum in a major way.

Lipid and Glucose Profile across Different Mental Disorders.

: Schizophrenia, unipolar depression, bipolar disorder, bipolar mania, and bipolar depression are a few of the severe psychiatric diseases that affect millions of individuals and their overall life quality. This study aimed to look at differences in TGA, TC, HDL, LDL, and FPG levels in people who were going through acute episodes of listed diseases. : A cross-sectional prospective study was carried out in Jordan between January and November of 2023, involving all patients with the aforementioned diseases who attended three psychiatric clinics.

An analysis of the intention of female pharmacy students to work in community pharmacy settings in Saudi Arabia using the theory of planned behavior.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the intention of female Saudi pharmacy students to work in community pharmacies and the factors associated with this intention.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2022 and June 2022 and included female students from pharmacy colleges in Saudi Arabia. The survey was created based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Beliefs, awareness, use, and factors associated with herbal supplements usage among patients with chronic diseases-A cross-sectional insight from Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Herbal supplements (HSs) are used to treat a variety of diseases and ailments. Individuals with chronic diseases are at a higher risk of having adverse events and drug interactions from the use of HSs.

Aim: This study determined the beliefs, awareness, use, and factors associated with HSs usage among patients with chronic diseases in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Voriconazole in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background And Objective: Voriconazole pharmacokinetics are highly variable in pediatric patients, and the optimal dosage has yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to describe voriconazole pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic targets achieved and evaluate the efficacy and safety of voriconazole for critically ill pediatrics.

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study conducted at a pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary/quaternary hospital.

The influence of telemedicine in primary healthcare on diabetes mellitus control and treatment adherence in Riyadh region.

Several studies have found that telemedicine has the potential to enhance the outcomes of patients with diabetes. This study aimed to determine the impact of telemedicine on the clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Saudi Arabia. We conducted a cross-sectional study among T2DM patients in selected primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from March 1, 2023, to August 20, 2023.

Access and Disparities in the Use of Telemedicine Among Patients with Chronic Conditions in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: This study investigated the access to and disparities in telemedicine use among patients with chronic conditions in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study of randomly selected primary healthcare centers was conducted to ensure that each of the 17 municipalities in Riyadh were represented. Three hundred and forty-two participants who completed the questionnaire were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire.

Burnout phenomenon in Saudi dermatology residents: a national assessment of prevalence and contributing factors.

A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and August 2021; an electronic survey was administered to all dermatology residents (n=79) in all centers with the Saudi Board Dermatology Training Program in the western, eastern and southern regions. Participation was voluntary, and written informed consent was obtained before the study. The survey was completed by 70 dermatology residents, for an 88.

Assessing Knowledge, Perception, and Management Toward Traumatic Tooth Avulsion Among Dentists in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: The long-term prognosis of teeth that have experienced traumatic avulsion is highly dependent on appropriate and prompt emergency management taken immediately after the avulsion. The main goal in the treatment of traumatic permanent tooth avulsion is to replant as soon as possible in its correct anatomical position to maintain the viability of the periodontal ligament and neurovascular supply while restoring aesthetic and preserving the functional integrity of the tooth. General dentists can deal properly with emergency cases, such as tooth avulsion, and also should be aware of appropriate management to take care of avulsions and to determine the prognosis especially since such incidents often occur at times when dental professionals are least prepared to address them.

Interethnic differences in drug response: projected impact of genetic variations in the Saudi population.

Ethnicity is known to have an impact on drug responses. This is particularly important for drugs that have a narrow therapeutic window, nonlinearity in pharmacokinetics and are metabolized by enzymes that demonstrate genetic polymorphisms. However, most clinical trials are conducted among Caucasians, which might limit the usefulness of the findings of such studies for other ethnicities.

Knowledge, perceptions, and readiness of telepharmacy among community pharmacists.

Telepharmacy is a practical part of telemedicine that refers to providing pharmaceutical services within the scope of the pharmacist's obligations while maintaining a temporal and spatial distance between patients, users of health services, and healthcare professionals. The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted among community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia between March and May 2022 to assess their knowledge, perceptions, and readiness for telepharmacy. The survey was filled out by 404 respondents.

Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty for extra-articular femur deformity correction.

Femoral shaft fracture is one of the most common injuries encountered. However, improper management can lead to significant long-term complications, of which is malunion. Patients with femoral malunion are at increased risk of developing knee osteoarthritis, and if arthroplasty is indicated, these extra-articular deformities pose a challenge as corrective osteotomy and soft tissue release are also required.

Structural, Optical, and Electrical Parameters of Doped PVA/PVP Blend with TPAI or THAI Salt.

The 70% polyvinyl alcohol/30% polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) polymer blends, with different weight ratios of tetrapropylammonium iodide (TPAI) or tetrahexylammonium iodide (THAI) salt, were prepared using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. The X-ray diffraction technique was used to trace the crystalline nature of the formed blends. The SEM and EDS techniques were applied to figure out the morphology of the blends.

Awareness, perception, and barriers of healthcare providers toward the revised consensus guideline for therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin.

Background: A revised consensus guideline published in 2020 recommended transitioning vancomycin monitoring to the area under the concentration-time curve over 24 h to minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC). The decision to transition to AUC/MIC monitoring or to continue trough-based monitoring is made at the institutional level and is influenced by several factors, including healthcare providers and system-related factors. Changing current practices is expected to be difficult, and it is important to understand healthcare providers' perceptions and potential barriers before the transition.

Utilization of the emergency department by kidney transplant recipients: a retrospective cohort study from a high-volume transplant center.

Unlabelled: This study aims to assess the trends of emergency department (ED) visits among kidney transplant recipients in a high-volume transplant centre.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study targeted patients who underwent renal transplantation at a high-volume transplant centre from 2016 to 2020. The main outcomes of the study were ED visits within 30 days, 31-90 days, 91-180 days, and 181-365 days of transplantation.

Development of Perovskite (MACl)FAMAPb(IBr) Solar Cells via n-Octylammonium Iodide Surface Passivation.

The influence of n-octylammonium iodide (OAI, passive layer) on the types of phases formed in a (MACl)FAMAPb(IBr) perovskite film was studied using X-ray diffraction. Using UV spectrophotometric techniques, it was determined how varied OAI additive layer ratios affected the linear and nonlinear optical characteristics of glass substrates/FTO/compact TiO/mesoporous TiO/(MACl)FAMAPb(IBr) films. All films' direct optical bandgap energies were determined to be 1.

Knowledge, Perceptions, and Readiness of Telepharmacy among Hospital Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia.

Telepharmacy is a technology-based service that provides promoted services such as counseling, medication administration and compounding, drug therapy monitoring, and prescription review. It is unclear whether hospital pharmacists possess the necessary knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to practice telepharmacy. The current study sought to investigate Saudi Arabian hospital pharmacists' understanding, attitudes, and level of preparedness for telepharmacy services.

Outcomes of root canal treatment of first permanent molars among children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The first permanent molar (FPM) is considered the tooth most susceptible to caries, as it is the first permanent tooth to erupt in the oral cavity, making it susceptible to environmental conditions that may appear as caries, hypoplasia, or hypomineralization Several treatment options are available for managing deep caries, including root canal treatment (RCT). However, there is a lack of data on the success and failure rates of RCT in FPM among children. This study aimed to determine the success and failure rates of RCT in FPM among children and related factors.

Assessment of A new Strategy to Prevent Prescribing Errors Involving COVID-19 Patients in Community Pharmacies.

Because COVID-19 patients are vulnerable to prescribing errors (PEs) and adverse drug events, designing and implementing a new approach to prevent prescribing errors (PEs) involving COVID-19 patients has become a priority in pharmacotherapy research. To investigate whether using WhatsApp to deliver prescribing error (PE)-related clinical scenarios to community pharmacists could enhance their ability to detect PEs and conduct successful pharmaceutical interventions (PIs). In this study, 110 community pharmacies were recruited from different regions across Jordan and equally allocated to 2 groups.

Factors Associated with Length of Hospital Stay among COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study during the First Pandemic Wave.

The COVID-19 pandemic severely affected healthcare systems and tested their preparedness. To date, the length of hospital stay (LoHS) and its factors among COVID-19 patients has not been thoroughly studied. Moreover, it is essential to identify the features of these patients.