Poly I:C elicits broader and stronger humoral and cellular responses to a circumsporozoite protein malaria vaccine than Alhydrogel in mice.

Malaria remains a global health challenge, necessitating the development of effective vaccines. The RTS,S vaccination prevents (Pf) malaria but is ineffective against (Pv) disease. Herein, we evaluated the murine immunogenicity of a recombinant PvCSP incorporating prevalent polymorphisms, adjuvanted with Alhydrogel or Poly I:C.

Characterisation of the merozoite thrombospondin related anonymous protein (MTRAP) of Plasmodium berghei as a transmission-blocking antigen.

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium. Human-to-human transmission depends on a mosquito vector; thus, the interruption of parasite transmission from humans to mosquitoes is an important approach in the fight against malaria. The parasite stages infectious to mosquitoes are the gametocytes, sexual stages that are ingested by the vector during a blood meal and transform into male and female gametes in the midgut.

Non-clinical toxicity and immunogenicity evaluation of a Plasmodium vivax malaria vaccine using Poly-ICLC (Hiltonol®) as adjuvant.

Malaria caused byPlasmodium vivaxis a pressing public health problem in tropical and subtropical areas.However, little progress has been made toward developing a P. vivaxvaccine, with only three candidates being tested in clinical studies.

Immune System Modulation by the Adjuvants Poly (I:C) and Montanide ISA 720.

Adjuvants are essential for vaccine development, especially subunit-based vaccines such as those containing recombinant proteins. Increasing the knowledge of the immune response mechanisms generated by adjuvants should facilitate the formulation of vaccines in the future. The present work describes the immune phenotypes induced by Poly (I:C) and Montanide ISA 720 in the context of mice immunization with a recombinant protein based on the circumsporozoite protein (PvCSP) sequence.

A universal vaccine candidate against Plasmodium vivax malaria confers protective immunity against the three PvCSP alleles.

Malaria is a highly prevalent parasitic disease in regions with tropical and subtropical climates worldwide. Among the species of Plasmodium causing human malaria, P. vivax is the second most prevalent and the most geographically widespread species.

Diagnostic Methods for Non-Falciparum Malaria.

Malaria is a serious public health problem that affects mostly the poorest countries in the world, killing more than 400,000 people per year, mainly children under 5 years old. Among the control and prevention strategies, the differential diagnosis of the -infecting species is an important factor for selecting a treatment and, consequently, for preventing the spread of the disease. One of the main difficulties for the detection of a specific sp is that most of the existing methods for malaria diagnosis focus on detecting .

Recombinant Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite surface protein allelic variants: antibody recognition by individuals from three communities in the Brazilian Amazon.

Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) variants of P. vivax, besides having variations in the protein repetitive portion, can differ from each other in aspects such as geographical distribution, intensity of transmission, vectorial competence and immune response. Such aspects must be considered to P.

Ultrasensitive microfluidic electrochemical immunosensor based on electrodeposited nanoporous gold for SOX-2 determination.

An ultrasensitive and portable microfluidic electrochemical immunosensor for SOX-2 cancer biomarker determination was developed. The selectivity and sensitivity of the sensor were improved by modifying the microfluidic channel. This was accomplished through a physical-chemical treatment to produce a hydrophilic surface, with an increased surface to volume/ratio, where the anti-SOX-2 antibodies can be covalently immobilized.

A Multistage Formulation Based on Full-Length CSP and AMA-1 Ectodomain of Induces High Antibody Titers and T-cells and Partially Protects Mice Challenged with a Transgenic Parasite.

Infections with are predominant in the Americas, representing 75% of malaria cases. Previously perceived as benign, malaria vivax is, in fact, a highly debilitating and economically important disease. Considering the high complexity of the malaria parasite life cycle, it has been hypothesized that an effective vaccine formulation against should contain multiple antigens expressed in different parasite stages.

São Paulo School of Advanced Sciences on Vaccines: an overview.

Two years ago, we held an exciting event entitled the São Paulo School of Advanced Sciences on Vaccines (SPSASV). Sixty-eight Ph.D.

Protective Malaria Vaccine in Mice Based on the Circumsporozoite Protein Fused with the Mumps Nucleocapsid Protein.

is the most common species of human malaria parasite found outside Africa, with high endemicity in Asia, Central and South America, and Oceania. Although causes the majority of deaths, can lead to severe malaria and result in significant morbidity and mortality. The development of a protective vaccine will be a major step toward malaria elimination.

Protective Immunity in Mice Immunized With MSP1-Based Formulations and Challenged With Expressing MSP1.

The lack of continuous cultures has been an obstacle delaying pre-clinical testing of vaccine formulations based on known antigens. In this study, we generated a model to test available formulations based on the MSP1 antigen. The strains ANKA and NK65 were modified to express MSP1 instead of the endogenous MSP1.

Prime-boost vaccination with recombinant protein and adenovirus-vector expressing Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein (CSP) partially protects mice against Pb/Pv sporozoite challenge.

Vaccine development against Plasmodium vivax malaria lags behind that for Plasmodium falciparum. To narrow this gap, we administered recombinant antigens based on P. vivax circumsporozoite protein (CSP) to mice.

Vaccine Containing the Three Allelic Variants of the Circumsporozoite Antigen Induces Protection in Mice after Challenge with a Transgenic Rodent Malaria Parasite.

is the most common species that cause malaria outside of the African continent. The development of an efficacious vaccine would contribute greatly to control malaria. Recently, using bacterial and adenoviral recombinant proteins based on the circumsporozoite protein (CSP), we demonstrated the possibility of eliciting strong antibody-mediated immune responses to each of the three allelic forms of CSP (PvCSP).

A recombinant multi-antigen vaccine formulation containing Babesia bovis merozoite surface antigens MSA-2a, MSA-2b and MSA-2c elicits invasion-inhibitory antibodies and IFN-γ producing cells.

Background: Babesia bovis is a tick-transmitted protozoan hemoparasite and the causative agent of bovine babesiosis, a potential risk to more than 500 million cattle worldwide. The vaccines currently available are based on attenuated parasites, which are difficult to produce, and are only recommended for use in bovines under one year of age. When used in older animals, these vaccines may cause life-threatening clinical symptoms and eventually death.

Phosphatidylinositol kinase activities in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.

Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) metabolism through phosphatidylinositol kinase (PIKs) activities plays a central role in different signaling pathways. In Trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of Chagas disease, PIKs have been proposed as target for drug design in order to combat this pathogen. In this work, we studied the classes of PI4K, PIPK and PI3K that could participate in signaling pathways in T.

Stress response to high osmolarity in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.

Trypanosoma cruzi undergoes differentiation in the rectum of triatomine, where increased osmolarity is caused mainly by elevated content of NaCl from urine. Early biochemical events in response to high osmolarity in this parasite have not been totally elucidated. In order to clarify the relationship between these events and developmental stages of T.

Regulation of phosphatidic acid levels in Trypanosoma cruzi.

Lipid kinases and phosphatases play essential roles in signal transduction processes involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement, membrane trafficking, and cellular differentiation. Phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) is an important mediator lipid in eukaryotic cells, but little is known regarding its regulation in the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, an agent of Chagas disease. In order to clarify the relationship between PtdOH metabolism and developmental stages of T.