Rationale and design of CONTINUITY: a Phase 4 randomized controlled trial of continued post-discharge sodium zirconium cyclosilicate treatment versus standard of care for hyperkalemia in chronic kidney disease.

Background: Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) hospitalized with hyperkalemia are at risk of hyperkalemia recurrence and re-hospitalization. We present the rationale and design of CONTINUITY, a study to examine the efficacy of continuing sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC)-an oral, highly selective potassium (K) binder-compared with standard of care (SoC) on maintaining normokalemia and reducing re-hospitalization and resource utilization among participants with CKD hospitalized with hyperkalemia.

Methods: This Phase 4, randomized, open-label, multicenter study will enroll adults with Stage 3b-5 CKD and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate <45 mL/min/1.

Characteristics, Symptom Severity, and Experiences of Patients Reporting Chronic Kidney Disease in the PatientsLikeMe Online Health Community: Retrospective and Qualitative Study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health burden, and is associated with increased adverse outcomes, poor quality of life, and substantial health care costs. While there is an increasing need to build patient-centered pathways for improving CKD management in clinical care, data in this field are scarce.

Objective: The aim of this study was to understand patient-reported experiences, symptoms, outcomes, and treatment journeys among patients with CKD through a retrospective and qualitative approach based on data available through PatientsLikeMe (PLM), an online community where patients can connect and share experiences.

Predictors of Bleeding in Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease: A Cohort Study Using The Health Improvement Network in the United Kingdom.

The purpose of this analysis was to assess potential predictors of intra-cranial bleeding (ICB) and gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) in UK primary care. Patients with symptomatic PAD diagnosed from 2000 to 2010 were identified from The Health Improvement Network (THIN;  = 28,484). A nested case-control analysis, adjusted for potential confounders, was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for potential predictors of ICB or GIB.

Time trends in peripheral artery disease incidence, prevalence and secondary preventive therapy: a cohort study in The Health Improvement Network in the UK.

Objectives: To assess time trends in symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) incidence and prevalence, and secondary preventive therapy.

Design: Cohort study using The Health Improvement Network.

Setting: UK primary care.

Cardiovascular outcomes for patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease: A cohort study in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) in the UK.

Background Few data are available on risk factors and associations with outcomes in symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) populations in primary care. We assessed characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and those without symptomatic peripheral artery disease in UK primary care, and quantified risk factors for cardiovascular outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease. Methods Among patients in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) aged 50-89 years in 2000-2010, a symptomatic peripheral artery disease cohort ( n = 28,484) and a matched comparison cohort without peripheral artery disease ( n = 113,940) were identified using Read codes.