Conversion of the Kowa RC-2 camera to a digital version, instructions for use, and postprocessing of the images.

Objective: To describe a means of converting the Kowa RC-2 camera to a digital version.

Procedure: The optic (OP) and the film portions (FP) of the Kowa RC-2 were separated. The lateral rails were unscrewed from the front plate of the FP.

Detection by two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of antibodies to Ehrlichia ruminantium in field sera collected from sheep and cattle in Ghana.

Two serological tests for detection of antibodies to Ehrlichia (previously Cowdria) ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater, were compared by using field sera collected from sheep and cattle as part of serosurveys in Ghana. Sera selected as either negative or positive by a new polyclonal competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PC-ELISA) were tested by the indirect MAP1-B ELISA. Cutoff values of 14 percent positivity (14 PP) for both ruminant species were obtained for the MAP1-B ELISA by using preseroconversion Ghanaian sera and were compared with previously recommended cutoff values of 29 PP for sheep and 38 PP for cattle.