Learning and memory in hybrid migratory songbirds: cognition as a reproductive isolating barrier across seasons.

Hybrid zones can be used to identify traits that maintain reproductive isolation and contribute to speciation. Cognitive traits may serve as post-mating reproductive isolating barriers, reducing the fitness of hybrids if, for example, misexpression occurs in hybrids and disrupts important neurological mechanisms. We tested this hypothesis in a hybrid zone between two subspecies of Swainson's thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) using two cognitive tests-an associative learning spatial test and neophobia test.

Altered electroencephalography resting state network coherence in remitted MDD.

Individuals with remitted depression are at greater risk for subsequent depression and therefore may provide a unique opportunity to understand the neurophysiological correlates underlying the risk of depression. Research has identified abnormal resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) power metrics and functional connectivity patterns associated with major depression, however little is known about these neural signatures in individuals with remitted depression. We investigate the spectral dynamics of 64-channel EEG surface power and source-estimated network connectivity during resting states in 37 individuals with depression, 56 with remitted depression, and 49 healthy adults that did not differ on age, education, and cognitive ability across theta, alpha, and beta frequencies.

DNA methylation in the TNF-alpha gene decreases along with aging among delirium inpatients.

It has been suggested that aging and inflammation play key roles in the development of delirium. In the present study, we investigated the differences of the DNAm patterns in the TNF gene between patients with delirium and without. The data and samples derived from previous and ongoing cohort studies were analyzed.

Multifactorial prediction of depression diagnosis and symptom dimensions.

While depression is a leading cause of disability, prior investigations of depression have been limited by studying correlates in isolation. A data-driven approach was applied to identify out-of-sample predictors of current depression from adults (N = 217) sampled on a continuum of no depression to clinical levels. The current study used elastic net regularized regression and predictors from sociodemographic, self-report, polygenic scores, resting electroencephalography, pupillometry, actigraphy, and cognitive tasks to classify individuals into currently depressed (MDE), psychiatric control (PC), and no current psychopathology (NP) groups, as well as predicting symptom severity and lifetime MDE.

Neurocognitive predictors of self-reported reward responsivity and approach motivation in depression: A data-driven approach.

Background: Individual differences in reward-related processes, such as reward responsivity and approach motivation, appear to play a role in the nature and course of depression. Prior work suggests that cognitive biases for valenced information may contribute to these reward processes. Yet there is little work examining how biased attention, processing, and memory for positively and negatively valenced information may be associated with reward-related processes in samples with depression symptoms.

A Common Variation in the Caveolin 1 Gene Is Associated with High Serum Triglycerides and Metabolic Syndrome in an Admixed Latin American Population.

Background: The caveolin 1 (CAV1) gene has been associated with metabolic traits in animal models and human cohorts. Recently, a prevalent variant in CAV1 has been found to be related to metabolic syndrome in Hispanics living in North America. Since Hispanics represent an admixed population at high risk for cardiovascular diseases, in this study a Latin American population with a similar genetic background was assessed.

Analysis of Health Indicators in Two Rural Communities on the Colombian Caribbean Coast: Poor Water Supply and Education Level Are Associated with Water-Related Diseases.

Water-related diseases are closely linked with drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) indicators, socioeconomic status, education level, or dwelling's conditions. Developing countries exhibit a particular vulnerability to these diseases, especially rural areas and urban slums. This study assessed socioeconomic features, WASH indicators, and water-related diseases in two rural areas of the Colombian Caribbean coast.

Orbital and Subcutaneous Emphysema Following Enucleation and Respiratory Distress in a Japanese Chin.

A 7 yr old, neutered male Japanese chin presented to the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University (CSVMTU) for evaluation of chronic unilateral orbital swelling that worsened following an episode of respiratory distress. The left eye had been enucleated 5 yr previously. Intermittent mild-to-moderate left orbital swelling had been noted by the owner since the initial surgery.

Use of indocyanine green and sodium fluorescein for anterior segment angiography in ophthalmologically normal cats.

Objective: To assess and compare results of anterior segment angiography of ophthalmologically normal cats following IV injection with indocyanine green and sodium fluorescein dyes.

Animals: 10 client-owned cats.

Procedures: Anterior segment angiography was performed in anesthetized cats following administration of 0.

Medical Treatment of Primary Canine Glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a painful and often blinding group of ocular diseases for which there is no cure. Although the definition of glaucoma is rapidly evolving, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the most consistent risk factor of glaucoma in the canine patient. Therapy should be aimed at neuroprotection.

Fluorescein gonioangiography of the normal canine eye using a dSLR camera adaptor.

The purpose of this study was to describe fluorescein gonioangiography (FGA) of the normal canine eye using a digital single lens reflex (dSLR) camera adaptor. Dogs were anesthetized using intravenous propofol. Imaging was performed using a Lovac Barkan goniolens, dSLR camera, dSLR camera adaptor, camera lens, and accessory flash.

Anthropometric parameters' cut-off points and predictive value for metabolic syndrome in women from Cartagena, Colombia.

Objective. To estimate anthropometric parameters' (APs) cut-off points and association for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Materials and methods.

Reliability of manual measurements of corneal thickness obtained from healthy canine eyes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

The purpose of this study was to manually measure corneal thickness in canine eyes using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) device and to assess intra- and inter-observer reliability of this technique. Twenty healthy dogs with a mean age of 4.7 y were examined.

Anterior segment angiography of the normal canine eye: a comparison between indocyanine green and sodium fluorescein.

The objective of this study was to assess and compare indocyanine green (IG) and sodium fluorescein (SF) angiographic findings in the normal canine anterior segment using a digital single lens reflex (dSLR) camera adaptor. Images were obtained from 10 brown-eyed Beagles, free of ocular and systemic disease. All animals received butorphanol (0.

Manual corneal thickness measurements of healthy equine eyes using a portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device.

Reasons For Performing Study: Corneal thickness measurements of the equine globe using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) have not been reported.

Objectives: To determine corneal thickness measurements and the intra- and interoperator reliability of a portable SD-OCT device in equine eyes.

Study Design: Prospective observational study.

Central corneal thickness measurements in normal dogs: a comparison between ultrasound pachymetry and optical coherence tomography.

Objective: To compare central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements obtained from normal canines using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device (SD-OCT) and an ultrasonic pachymeter.

Animals: Fifteen clinically normal dogs.

Procedures: Dogs were briefly anesthetized with propofol.

A spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device provides reliable corneal pachymetry measurements in canine eyes.

The objective of this study was to determine central corneal thickness (CCT) and the intra- and interuser reliability using a portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) device in canine eyes. Twenty clinically normal dogs were examined. CCT measurements were obtained from both eyes of each animal three times by two operators in succession.

Intra and inter-user reliability of central corneal thickness measurements obtained in healthy feline eyes using a portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device.

Objective: To determine the intra and inter-user reliability of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements obtained using a portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) device in healthy feline eyes.

Animals: Twenty clinically normal cats.

Procedures: Gentle manual restraint was utilized for proper animal positioning.

Progressive bilateral lipoma arborescens of the knee complicated by juvenile spondyloarthropathy: a case report and review of the literature.

Objectives: To report an unusual case of lipoma aborescens (LA) presented in a patient with treatment-responsive juvenile spondyloarthropathy (JSPA) and to summarize the clinical manifestations, therapy and prognosis of LA by literature review.

Methods: We report an atypical case of a 17-year-old patient with an initial presentation of juvenile spondyloarthropathy, whose inflammatory condition was improved successfully by traditional anti-rheumatic drugs and an anti-TNF alpha agent but developed progressive swelling of bilateral knees. Lipoma arborescens were diagnosed in each knee by synovial biopsy obtained by arthroscopic surgery.

Anterior segment fluorescein angiography of the normal feline eye using a dSLR camera adaptor.

Purpose: To describe anterior segment fluorescein angiography (ASFA) of the normal feline eye using a digital single-lens reflex (dSLR) camera adaptor.

Animals: Ten cats free of ocular and systemic disease were evaluated.

Methods: All cats received maropitant citrate (1.

Histopathologic evaluation of the anterior segment of eyes enucleated due to glaucoma secondary to primary lens displacement in 13 canine globes.

PURPOSE  To describe histologic anterior segment changes in eyes affected with primary lens displacement (PLD) and secondary glaucoma. METHODS  Histologic sections stained with H&E from canine eyes enucleated because of PLD and secondary glaucoma were examined. RESULTS  Thirteen eyes from 12 patients were evaluated.